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Luan, D.Q.,Chang, G.B.,Sheng, Z.W.,Zhang, Y.,Zhou, W.,Li, Z.Z.,Liu, Y.,Chen, G.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.2
Poultry products are an important source of Salmonella enterica. An effective way to reduce food poisoning due to Salmonella would be to breed chickens more resistant to infection. Unfortunately host responses to Salmonella are complex with many factors involved. To learn more about responses to Salmonella in young chickens of 2 wk old, a cDNA Microarray containing 13,319 probes was performed to compare gene expression profiles between two chicken groups under control and Salmonella infected conditions. Newly hatched chickens were orally infected with S. enterica serovar Enteritidis. Since the intestine is one of the important barriers the bacteria encounter after oral inoculation, intestine gene expression was investigated at 2 wk old. There were 588 differentially expressed genes detected, of which 276 were known genes, and of the total number 266 were up-regulated and 322 were down-regulated. Differences in gene expression between the two chicken groups were found in control as well as Salmonella infected conditions indicating a difference in the intestine development between the two chicken groups which might be linked to the difference in Salmonella susceptibility. The differential expressions of 4 genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and the results indicated that the expression changes of these genes were generally consistent with the results of GeneChips. The findings in this study have lead to the identification of novel genes and possible cellular pathways, which are host dependent.
Luan, Yun-Yan,Liu, Zi-Min,Zhong, Jin-Yi,Yao, Ru-Yong,Yu, Hong-Sheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the unique ability of highly aggressive tumor cells to mimic the pattern of embryonic vasculogenesis, which was associated with invasion and metastasis. The grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) had attracted much attention as a potential bioactive anti-carcinogenic agent. However, GSPs regulation of VM and its possible mechanisms in a triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) remain not clear. Therefore, we examined the effect of GSPs on VM information in HCC1937 cell model. In this study, we identified the VM structure via the three-dimensional (3D) matrix in vitro. Cell viability was measured using the CCK8 assay. The effects of GSPs on human triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) HCC1937 in terms of related proteins of VM information were determined using western blot analysis. In vitro, the tubular networks were found in highly invasive HCC1937 cells but not in the non-invasive MCF-7 cells when plated on matrigel. The number of vascular channels was significantly reduced when cells were exposed in GSPs ($100{\mu}g$/ml) and GSPs ($200{\mu}g/mL$) groups (all p<0.001). Furthermore, we found that treatment with GSPs promoted transition of the mesenchymal state to the epithelial state in HCC1937 cells as well as reducing the expression of Twist1 protein, a master EMT regulator.GSPs has the ability to inhibit VM information by the suppression of Twist1 protein that could be related to the reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) process. It is firstly concluded that GSPs may be an p otential anti-VM botanical agent for human TNBCs.
Luan Luong Chu,Ramesh Prasad Pandey,Tae-Su Kim,Van Thuy Thi Pham,Jae Kyung Sohng 한국당과학회 2018 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.01
Single vessel multi-enzyme UDP-α-D-glucose recycling system was coupled with a forward glucosylation reaction to produce glucose moiety conjugated novel derivatives of different tetracycline antibiotic analogues. Among five tetracycline analogues used for the reaction, four molecules (chlorotetracycline, doxytetracycline, meclotetracycline, and minotetracycline) were accepted by a glycosyltransferase enzyme, YjiC, from Bacillus licheniformis to produce glucoside derivatives. However, the enzyme was unable to conjugate sugar unit to rolitetracycline. All glucosides of tetracycline derivatives were characterized by ultraviolet absorbance maxima, ultra-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with photo-diode-array, and high-resolution quadruple time-of-flight electrospray mass spectrometry analyses. These synthesized glucosides are novel tetracycline derivatives. The conversion of tetracycline analogues to respective glucosides has been found to be very low yet. This gives the clue that the enzyme has low preferences toward tetracycline molecules. Attachment of bulky group in rolitetracycline might have prevented the molecule to reach the catalytic cleft of GT enzyme. Results of this research could become a basis to explore the possibility of synthesizing glucosylated derivatives of different tetracyclines using GT enzyme.
The Experimental Animation and Contemporary Art
Luan Weili 중앙대학교 영상콘텐츠융합연구소 2014 TechArt :Journal of Arts and Imaging Science Vol.1 No.2
It is not enough to focus only on the development of mainstream animation and commercial animation, when China tries its best to develop animation education and industry. It ignores the vitality which the experimental and pioneering efforts bring to animation art. The media material experiments and the expressive languages of the experimental animation are suitable for animation education and therefore, call for dynamic application and promotion. Combination, collage, imitation and conversion are the same features of styling language which the experimental animation shares with the contemporary art. I recommend that we study the creative approaches and the expressive languages in the experimental animation and contemporary art and then gradually establish the complete theoretical system and practical principles.
Luan, Qinmeng,Britton, T. Benjamin,Jun, Tea-Sung Elsevier 2018 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.734 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Titanium alloys are widely used in light weight applications such as jet engine fans, where their mechanical performance under a range of loading regimes is important. Titanium alloys are mechanically anisotropic with respect to crystallographic orientation, and remarkably titanium creeps at room temperature. This means that the strain rate sensitivity (SRS) and stress relaxation performance are critical in predicting component life. In this work, we focus on systematically exploring the macroscopic SRS of Grade 1 commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) with varying grain sizes and texture using uniaxial compression. Briefly, we find that Ti samples had positive SRS and samples compressed along the sheet rolling direction (RD) (i.e. soft grains dominant) were less rate sensitive than bars compressed along the sheet normal direction (ND) (i.e. hard grains dominant). We attribute this rate sensitivity to the relative activity of slip and twinning. Within the grain size range of ~ 317 ± 7 μ m , we observe an increase in the rate sensitivity, where volume fraction of { 10 1 ̅ 2 } < 10 1 ̅ 1 > T1 tensile twins was low, and the twin width at different strain rates were similar. These observations imply that the macroscopic rate sensitivity is controlled by the ensemble behaviour of local deformation processes: the amount of slips accumulated at grain boundaries affects the SRS, which is grain size and texture dependent. We hope that this experimental study motivates mechanistic modelling studies using crystal plasticity, including strain rate sensitivity and twinning, to predict the performance of titanium alloys.</P>