Predicting the Effective Depth of Soil Stabilization for Marine Clay Treated by Biomass Silica

Lim Jing Jin,Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus,Muhammad Azril Hezmi,Ahmad Safuan Abdul Rashid,Amination Marto,Roohollah Kalatehjari,Faizal Pakir,Nordiana Mashros,AbideenAdekunle Ganiyu 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.11

Reclamation and development towards the oceanic area had become a trend of modern days, where the marine soil need to be treated prior construction. The increase in unconfined compressive strength of marine clay treated by Biomass Silica, ‘SH-85’ has been demonstrated by several investigations. This paper studies the stress-strain behavior of marine clay treated with 12% of SH-85 with different curing periods and confining pressures. The results show that the strength parameters of the stabilized soil are greatly improved during the early stage of the curing period under higher confining pressures. In addition, the XRD analysis and microstructure study confirm the appearance of a new reflection peak at 29° in the treated soils indicating the formation of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH). The curing period of 7 days at a confining pressure of 400 kPa was found to be an optimum combination for in situ stabilization. The effective stabilization depth predicted at each location can be defined as the depth ensuing the mentioned confining pressure. The approach of this research can be applied in construction activities associated with marine clay to help engineers in risk assessment, feasibility study and planning of the developments.

CD137-inducing factors from T cells and macrophages accelerate the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques in hyperlipidemic mice

Jung, In-Hyuk,Choi, Jae-Hoon,Jin, Jing,Jeong, Se-Jin,Jeon, Sejin,Lim, Chaeji,Lee, Mi-Ran,Yoo, Ji-Young,Sonn, Seong-Keun,Kim, Young Ho,Choi, Beom Kyu,Kwon, Byoung S.,Seoh, Ju-Young,Lee, Cheol Whan,Kim, The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2014 The FASEB Journal Vol.28 No.11

<P>CD137 (4-1BB), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, has been reported to be expressed in atherosclerotic plaques, and to promote lesion formation. However, the role of CD137 in mediating atherosclerotic plaque stability and the possible underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, apolipoprotein E-deficient (<I>ApoE</I><SUP>−/−</SUP>) and CD137-deficient <I>ApoE</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> (<I>ApoE</I><SUP>−/−</SUP>CD137<SUP>−/−</SUP>) mice fed a chow diet for 66 wk were used. CD137 induces plaque instability, which is characterized by increased plaque necrosis, decreased collagen content, decreased vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) content, and increased macrophage infiltration. CD137 also increases the infiltration of effector T (T<SUB>eff</SUB>) cells into plaque lesion sites, resulting in increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) expression. Interestingly, T<SUB>eff</SUB>-cell-derived IFN-γ inhibits collagen synthesis in atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, CD137 activation increases the apoptosis of VSMCs, possibly by decreasing the antiapoptotic regulator, Bcl-2, and subsequently up-regulating cleaved caspase-3. In macrophages, activation of CD137 signaling boosted the oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 <I>via</I> the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 signaling pathways. In summary, activation of CD137 signaling decreases the stability of advanced atherosclerotic plaques <I>via</I> its combined effects on T<SUB>eff</SUB> cells, VSMCs, and macrophages.—Jung, I.-H., Choi, J.-H., Jin, J., Jeong, S.-J., Jeon, S., Lim, C., Lee, M.-R., Yoo, J.-Y., Sonn, S.-K., Kim, Y. H., Choi, B. K., Kwon, B. S., Seoh, J.-Y., Lee, C. W., Kim, D.-Y., Oh, G. T. CD137-inducing factors from T cells and macrophages accelerate the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques in hyperlipidemic mice.</P>

The Polyphenol Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates UVB-mediated Oxidative Stress in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes

( Jin Won Hyun ),( Ji Won Cha ),( Mei Jing Piao ),( Ki Cheon Kim ),( Cheng Wen Yao ),( Jian Zheng ),( Seong Min Kim ),( Chang Lim Hyun ),( Yong Seok Ahn ) 한국응용약물학회 2014 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.22 No.2

We investigated the protective effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenol compound, on oxidative damage induced by UVBexposure on human HaCaT cells. In a cell-free system, CGA scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, superoxide anions,hydroxyl radicals, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet B (UVB). Furthermore, CGA absorbed electromagnetic radiation in the UVB range (280-320 nm). UVB exposure resulted in damage to cellularDNA, as demonstrated in a comet assay; pre-treatment of cells with CGA prior to UVB irradiation prevented DNA damage andincreased cell viability. Furthermore, CGA pre-treatment prevented or ameliorated apoptosis-related changes in UVB-exposedcells, including the formation of apoptotic bodies, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and alterations in the levelsof the apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3. Our findings suggest that CGA protects cells from oxidative stressinduced by UVB radiation.

Inhibitory Action of 1,3,5-Trihydroxybenzene on UVB-Induced NADPH Oxidase 4 through AMPK and JNK Signaling Pathways

( Chaemoon Lim ),( Mei Jing Piao ),( Kyoung Ah Kang ),( Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando ),( Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath ),( Dae Whan Kim ),( Joo Mi Yi ),( Yung Hyun Choi ),( Jin 한국응용약물학회 2024 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.32 No.4

Specific sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet B (UVB) rays is one of the mechanisms responsible for widespread skin damage. This study tested whether 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene (THB), a compound abundant in marine products, might inhibit UVB radiation-induced NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in both human HaCaT keratinocytes and mouse dorsal skin and explore its cytoprotective mechanism. The mechanism of action was determined using western blotting, immunocytochemistry, NADP⁺/NADPH assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, and cell viability assay. THB attenuated UVB-induced NOX4 expression both in vitro and in vivo, and suppressed UVB-induced ROS generation via NADP⁺ production, resulting in increased cell viability with decreased apoptosis. THB also reduced the expression of UVB-induced phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). THB suppressed UVB-induced NOX4 expression and ROS generation by inhibiting AMPK and JNK signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting cellular damage. These results showed that THB could be developed as a UV protectant.

중국 유학생용 대학생활적응 척도 개발 및 타당화

김해경(Jin Hai jing),지은림(Chi Eun lim) 한국교육평가학회 2015 교육평가연구 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 중국 유학생 대학생활적응의 구인을 탐색하고 측정을 위한 척도를 개발하려는 것이다. 선행연구 분석과 개방형 설문조사를 통하여 중국 유학생 대학생활적응의 구성 요인들을 추출하였다. 이를 기초로 한 예비조사에서는 라쉬모형을 적용하여 문항적합도와 응답척도의 적합성을 검증하고 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 최종 질문지를 작성하였다. 최종 질문지를 사용한 본조사는 전국 7개 지역 소재 대학들의 중국 유학생 553명을 대상으로 실시하여 총 509명의 응답이 연구에 사용되었다. 본조사 결과로 구조방정식모형을 적용한 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 언어적응, 학업적응, 지속의지, 진로준비, 정서적응, 대학만족 6개 요인으로 구성된 척도의 타당성을 검증하였고, 신뢰도 지수 .85로서 척도의 신뢰도 역시 확인되었다. This study aims to explore the construct of the college adaptation and to develop the scale for Chinese students in Korea. The factors were identified by analyzing previous researches and administering an open questionnaire survey to Chinese students. The preliminary survey was performed with 72 items constructed for measuring the college adaptation of Chinese students. The preliminary survey examined item fits and item response categories by using Rasch model and the exploratory factor analysis was made to explore the factors. Finally the questionnaire consisting of 29 items for six factors (language adaptation, academic adaptation, will for continuing study, career preparation, emotional adaptation, college satisfaction) was administered to 509 Chinese students in Seoul and 6 other provinces. A confirmatory factor analysis was done with the Structural Equation Model and the result proved that the model was valid (RMSEA=.05). Also, the reliability of the final scale was high (Cronbach alpha=.85).

Al₂O₃surface passivation and MOS-gate fabrication on AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors without Al₂O₃etching process

Kim, Jeong-Jin,Park, Young-Rak,Jang, Hyun-Gyu,Na, Je-Ho,Lee, Hyun-Soo,Ko, Sang-Choon,Jung, Dong-Yun,Lee, Hyung-Seok,Mun, Jae-Kyoung,Lim, Jing-Hong,Yang, Jeon-Wook Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2015 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol.54 No.3

Epigenetic switch from repressive to permissive chromatin in response to cold stress

Park, Junghoon,Lim, Chae Jin,Shen, Mingzhe,Park, Hee Jin,Cha, Joon-Yung,Iniesto, Elisa,Rubio, Vicente,Mengiste, Tesfaye,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Bressan, Ray A.,Lee, Sang Yeol,Lee, Byeong-ha,Jin, Jing Bo,Pardo, National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.23

<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Phenotypic adaptations of plants in response to changes in climate are well known to be mediated by molecular mechanisms, including activation or suppression of transcription factors that control target gene expression. However, the chromatin changes that are essential for the binding of transcription factors are much less understood. Gene derepression at the chromatin level is considered to be the starting point for gene transcription. We report a mechanism of gene derepression through which HOS15 promotes the degradation of histone deacetylase HD2C in a cold-dependent manner that correlates with increased levels of acetylated histones on <I>COR</I> gene chromatin. Moreover, HOS15 directly promotes <I>COR</I> gene transcription by association of CBF transcription factors with the “open” state of the target <I>COR</I> chromatin.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Switching from repressed to active status in chromatin regulation is part of the critical responses that plants deploy to survive in an ever-changing environment. We previously reported that HOS15, a WD40-repeat protein, is involved in histone deacetylation and cold tolerance in <I>Arabidopsis</I>. However, it remained unknown how HOS15 regulates cold responsive genes to affect cold tolerance. Here, we show that HOS15 interacts with histone deacetylase 2C (HD2C) and both proteins together associate with the promoters of cold-responsive <I>COR</I> genes, <I>COR15A</I> and <I>COR47</I>. Cold induced HD2C degradation is mediated by the CULLIN4 (CUL4)-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex in which HOS15 acts as a substrate receptor. Interference with the association of HD2C and the <I>COR</I> gene promoters by HOS15 correlates with increased acetylation levels of histone H3. HOS15 also interacts with CBF transcription factors to modulate cold-induced binding to the <I>COR</I> gene promoters. Our results here demonstrate that cold induces HOS15-mediated chromatin modifications by degrading HD2C. This switches the chromatin structure status and facilitates recruitment of CBFs to the <I>COR</I> gene promoters. This is an apparent requirement to acquire cold tolerance.</P></▼2>

Phloroglucinol inhibits ultraviolet B radiation-induced oxidative stress in the mouse skin

Piao, Mei Jing,Ahn, Mee Jung,Kang, Kyoung Ah,Kim, Ki Cheon,Zheng, Jian,Yao, Cheng Wen,Cha, Ji Won,Hyun, Chang Lim,Kang, Hee Kyoung,Lee, Nam Ho,Hyun, Jin Won Informa Healthcare 2014 International journal of radiation biology Vol.90 No.10

<P><I>Purpose</I>: Previously we demonstrated that phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) protected human HaCaT keratinocytes against ultraviolet B (UVB, 280-320 nm)-induced oxidative stress <I>in vitro</I> by scavenging intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The current study investigated whether phloroglucinol could similarly protect the mouse skin against UVB-induced oxidative tissue damage <I>in vivo</I>.</P><P><I>Materials and methods</I>: Male 7-week-old Balb/c mice were divided into the following untreated normal control, phloroglucinol only-treated, vehicle plus UVB (30 or 60 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>)-exposed, and phloroglucinol (10 or 50 mg/ml) plus UVB (30 or 60 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>)-treated groups. Following UVB exposure, phloroglucinol or phosphate buffered saline vehicle was applied to the dorsal skin of each mouse daily for 3 days. Studies were conducted at 24 h after the last of the UVB exposures. Histopathological analyses of dorsal skin lesions were performed on all mice. In addition, the levels of UVB-provoked injury to cellular components, including DNA, proteins, and lipids were detected by levels of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), protein carbonyls, and 8-isoprostane. Apoptosis were assessed by using western blot for B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (Bax) and activated caspase-3 expression, by using immunohistochemistry.</P><P><I>Results</I>: UVB radiation increased the thickness of the epidermis and the dermis, and also stimulated the accumulation of mast cells in the irradiated skin. However, treatment with phloroglucinol significantly decreased all of these parameters. Furthermore, phloroglucinol decreased UVB-provoked injury to cellular components, including DNA, proteins, and lipids; down-regulated the expression of phospho-histone H2A.X in the injured skin; and reduced the UVB-generated levels of 8-oxoG, protein carbonyls, and 8-isoprostane, which are all markers of oxidative stress. In addition, phloroglucinol attenuated the UVB-induced expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax protein, and activated caspase-3.</P><P><I>Conclusion</I>: These results suggest that phloroglucinol safeguards the mouse skin against UVB-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.</P>

분극곡선 측정을 통한 전해부상조의 설계인자 평가

임봉수 ( Bong Su Lim ),김경수 ( Jing Zhu Jin ),최찬수 ( Chan Soo Choi ) 한국물환경학회 2007 한국물환경학회지 Vol.23 No.2

글로벌 시민의식에 대한 한국ㆍ중국ㆍ한국거주중국 대학생 비교 분석

지은림(Chi Eun Lim),김해경(Jin Hai Jing),문병원(Moon Byoung Won) 한국비교교육학회 2014 比較敎育硏究 Vol.24 No.6

본 연구는 한국, 중국, 한국거주 중국 대학생의 세 개 집단을 대상으로 하여 글로벌 시민의식 질문지를 실시하고, 세 집단 간의 차이를 비교해보았다. 첫째, 글로벌 시민의식을 구성하는 요인들(다문화의식, 지구공동체의식, 국가정체의식, 시민의식, 민주의식)은 한국과 중국 대학생 간에 동일하게 적용된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 집단간에 글로벌 시민의식 수준을 비교해보았는데, 평균 원점수로는 중국 대학생들이 한국 대학생들보다 높게 나타났으나, 구조방정식모형을 적용한 다집단분석을 실시한 결과는 집단간 비교의 객관성이 낮기 때문에 한-중 대학생의 정확한 비교를 위해서는 후속연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 셋째, 글로벌 시민의식과 관련되는 변인들에 대해 집단별로 비교해본 결과는 '글로벌 시민교육', '글로벌 사회의 의미 이해', '글로벌 사회에 대한 준비'에서 차이가 나타났으며, '외국 방문', '외국어 학습', '다른 국가에 대한 학습'에 대해서는 한국 대학생이 상대적으로 더 중요하게 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 한국 대학생은 물론이고, 한국으로 유학 오는 중국 대학생들을 위한 글로벌 교육을 개선해나가는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The study compares three groups of 'Korean', 'Chinese', 'Chinese studying in Korea' university students for global citizenship. A questionnaire of global citizenship consisting of 5 factors (multicultural awareness, global community awareness, national identity, social responsibility, and democratic awareness) was administered to the three groups. The result, first of all, showed that the structure of 5-factor for global citizenship could be well applied for three groups. For Korean and Chinese students, items for each factor were exactly the same, while three items ('contribution to society', 'voting', 'social service') which were originally for social responsibility worked as for democratic awareness for 'Chinese students in Korea'. Second, the score of global citizenship was higher for Chinese students than for Korean students, although the objectivity of the comparison needed to be reviewed in terms of measurement scale in the follow-up study. Third, the examination of variables related to global citizenship found that 'global citizenship education experience', 'understanding the meaning of global citizenship', 'preparation for living in the global society', 'visiting foreign countries', 'learning foreign languages', 'learning other countries(politics, culture, etc)' were all related to global citizenship. Especially, Korean students tended to be more positive than Chinese students for 'visiting foreign countries', 'learning foreign languages', 'learning other countries (politics, culture, etc)'.