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- 저자 : Lepage, Francis (검색결과 5 건)
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Transonic buffet alleviation on 3D wings: wind tunnel tests and closed-loop control investigations
Lepage, Arnaud,Dandois, Julien,Geeraert, Arnaud,Molton, Pascal,Ternoy, Frederic,Dor, Jean Bernard,Coustols, Eric Techno-Press 2017 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.4 No.2
The presented paper gives an overview of several projects addressing the experimental characterization and control of the buffet phenomenon on 3D turbulent wings in transonic flow conditions. This aerodynamic instability induces strong wall pressure fluctuations and therefore limits flight domain. Consequently, to enlarge the latter but also to provide more flexibility during the design phase, it is interesting to try to delay the buffet onset. This paper summarizes the main investigations leading to the achievement of open and closed-loop buffet control and its experimental demonstration. Several wind tunnel tests campaigns, performed on a 3D half wing/fuselage body, enabled to characterize the buffet aerodynamic instability and to study the efficiency of innovative fluidic control devices designed and manufactured by ONERA. The analysis of the open-loop databases demonstrated the effects on the usual buffet characteristics, especially on the shock location and the separation areas on the wing suction side. Using these results, a closed-loop control methodology based on a quasi-steady approach was defined and several architectures were tested for various parameters such as the input signal, the objective function, the tuning of the feedback gain. All closed-loop methods were implemented on a dSPACE device able to estimate in real time the fluidic actuators command calculated mainly from the unsteady pressure sensors data. The efficiency of delaying the buffet onset or limiting its effects was demonstrated using the quasi-steady closed-loop approach and tested in both research and industrial wind tunnel environments.
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The CCAAT box-binding transcription factor NF-YA1 controls rhizobial infection
Laporte, Philippe,Lepage, Agnes,Fournier, Joë,lle,Catrice, Olivier,Moreau, Sandra,Jardinaud, Marie-Franç,oise,Mun, Jeong-Hwan,Larrainzar, Estibaliz,Cook, Douglas R.,Gamas, Pascal,Niebel, And Oxford University Press 2014 Journal of experimental botany Vol.65 No.2
<P>Symbiosis between legume plants and soil rhizobia culminates in the formation of a novel root organ, the ‘nodule’, containing bacteria differentiated as facultative nitrogen-fixing organelles. MtNF-YA1 is a <I>Medicago truncatula</I> CCAAT box-binding transcription factor (TF), formerly called HAP2-1, highly expressed in mature nodules and required for nodule meristem function and persistence. Here a role for MtNF-YA1 during early nodule development is demonstrated. Detailed expression analysis based on RNA sequencing, quantitiative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), as well as promoter–β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusions reveal that <I>MtNF-YA1</I> is first induced at the onset of symbiotic development during preparation for, and initiation and progression of, symbiotic infection. Moreover, using a new knock-out mutant, <I>Mtnf-ya1-1</I>, it is shown that <I>MtNF-YA1</I> controls infection thread (IT) progression from initial root infection through colonization of nodule tissues. Extensive confocal and electronic microscopic observations suggest that the bulbous and erratic IT growth phenotypes observed in <I>Mtnf-ya1-1</I> could be a consequence of the fact that walls of ITs in this mutant are thinner and less coherent than in the wild type. It is proposed that <I>MtNF-YA1</I> controls rhizobial infection progression by regulating the formation and the wall of ITs.</P>
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Can energy optimization lead to economic and environmental waste in LPWAN architectures?
Rady, Mina,Georges, Jean-Philippe,Lepage, Francis Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 2021 ETRI Journal Vol.43 No.2
As low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) end devices (EDs) are deployed in massive scale, their economic and environmental costs of operation are becoming too significant to ignore and too difficult to estimate. While LPWAN architectures and protocols are designed to primarily save energy, this study shows that energy saving does not necessarily lead to lower cost or environmental footprint of the network. Accordingly, a theoretical framework is proposed to estimate the operational expenditure (OpEx) and environmental footprint of LPWAN EDs. An extended constrained optimization model is provided for the ED link assignment to gateways (GWs) based on heterogeneous ED configurations and hardware specifications. Based on the models, a simulation framework is developed which demonstrates that OpEx, energy consumption, and environmental footprint can be in conflict with each other as constrained optimization objectives. We demonstrate different ways to achieve compromises in each dimension for overall improved network performance.
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Spiroux de Vendômois Joël,Bourdineaud Jean-Paul,Apoteker Arnaud,Defarge Nicolas,Gaillard Emilie,Lepage Corinne,Testart Jacques,Vélot Christian 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.4
Repeated health and environmental scandals, the loss of biodiversity and the recent burst of chronic diseases constantly remind us the inability of public authorities and risk assessment agencies to protect health and the environment. After reviewing the main shortcomings of our evaluation system of chemicals and new technologies, supported by some concrete examples, we develop a number of proposals to reform both the risk assessment agencies and the evaluation processes. We especially propose the establishment of an independent structure, a High Authority of Expertise, supervising, either at European level or at national level, all the evaluation agencies, and ensuring the transparency, the methodology and the deontology of the expertise. In addition to modifying the evaluation protocols, both in their nature and in their content, especially in order to adapt them to current pollutants such as endocrine disruptors, we propose a reform of the expertise processes based on transparency, contradiction, and greater democracy, including close collaboration between the institutional and scientific parties on the one hand and the whole civil society on the other. All the proposals we make are inspired by the desire to prevent, through appropriate mechanisms, the human, health, ecological, but also economic consequences of contemporary technological choices.
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