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권오상(Kwon Oh Sang),이기원(Lee Kee Won),손은일(Son Eun Il) 한국지역사회학회 2008 지역사회연구 Vol.16 No.4
Regional capacity building programs have been implemented since President Noh's government of 2002. Establishing Regional Innovation Councils and introduction of the New Vitalization Project(NVP) of rural cities and counties have been a starting point of regional capacity building programs. NVP projects focused on citizen training, village leader cultivation, bench marking of leading cities and counties, and activating community of practice(COP) rather than hardware projects. From year of 2005 to 2008, the budget of investment on softwares was 27 billion Korean Won. These projects have promoted citizens' participation and reflection of needs and demands of them. Oversea's leading projects are EU's LEADER programs and Master Programs in Germany. Domestically Grape Industry Leader Cultivation Program in Youngdong County is a standard model of connecting education and business. Increasing farm winery in connection with tourism, can promote wine related business and income of wine farm households of the county. In capacity building of local officials and citizens, action and innovation official programs can be developed by creativity levels. Citizen training programs also can be developed in area of basic knowledge training and moral education. In conclusion, Korea's regional capacity building programs are in need of continuing investment to catch up with leading countries' programs in same ares regardless of government transfer.
김병호 ( Byung Ho Kim ),감신 ( Sin Kam ),배상근 ( Sang Geun Bae ),김건엽 ( Keon-yeop Kim ),이원기 ( Won Kee Lee ),홍남수 ( Nam-soo Hong ),박형근 ( Hyeung-keun Park ),이혜진 ( Heyjean Lee ),조은정 ( Eun-jung Cho ),채성철 ( Shung C 한국보건정보통계학회(구 한국보건통계학회) 2017 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate economic feasibility of operating Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers using cost-benefit analysis. Methods: The current study assessed cost and benefit data collected from nine hospitals which were designated as Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers between 2008 and 2010. Results: The operation of Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers reduced mortality rate and length of stay due to acute myocardial infarction and stroke and also decreased disability occurred after stroke. The total calculated cost of operating nine Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers was 19.85-22.30 billion won and the minimum benefit calculated was 23.98 billion won. Applying the maximum cost and the minimum benefit, the net benefit was 1.68 billion won, which is estimated to 190 million won per Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center. Conclusions: The present study revealed that the operation of Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers was economically beneficial. The benefit would be larger if intangible benefit such as the long-term effects to community hospitals and enhancement of quality of life of patients and their families are considered.
흡연이 치과 외래 이용 및 치과 외래 의료비에 미치는 영향
정선락 ( Sun Rak Jeong ),김영희 ( Young Hee Kim ),장지언 ( Ji Eon Jang ),이원기 ( Won Kee Lee ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2015 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.39 No.4
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of smoking on utilization of and expenses in ambulatory dental care. Methods: The subjects of this study were 5,751 men aged over 20 years selected from the Korea Health Panel data collected during 2010-2012. Pack-years of smoking were calculated based on the survey data. Dental utilization was defined as dental outpatient clinic use least once in three years. The expenses in ambulatory dental care were summed to determine total dental health care spending for three years. To detect the effect of smoking, we used multiple logistic regression analysis for dental utilization and multiple linear regression for expenses in ambulatory dental care after changing log. Results: The pack-years had a significant effect on dental utilization and expenses in participants aged 40-59 years. After controlling for income level, bedtime brushing, and the presence of chronic disease, dental care utilization rates in the over 10 to less than 25 pack-year and the over 25 pack-year groups were about 1.4 (OR=1.37, (P =0.007)) and 1.6 times (OR=1.59, (P =0.001)) those in the 0 pack-year group. In comparison with the 0 pack-year group, the over 10 to less than 25 pack-year group spent 50,000 won more over dental expenses, while the corresponding number for the over 25 pack-year group was about 100,000 won. Thus, the ambulatory dental care expenses increased with the packyears of smoking. Conclusions: Smoking significantly influenced the utilization and expense in ambulatory dental care in men aged 40-59 years.
Lee, Hye Hyeon,Park, Cheol,Jeong, Jin-Woo,Kim, Min Jeong,Seo, Min Jeong,Kang, Byoung Won,Park, Jeong Uck,Kim, Gi-Young,Choi, Byung Tae,Choi, Yung Hyun,Jeong, Yong Kee Lychnia 2013 International journal of oncology Vol.42 No.3
<P>Cordycepin is the main functional component of Cordyceps militaris, which has been widely used in oriental traditional medicine. This compound has been shown to possess many pharmacological properties, such as enhancing the body's immune function, and anti-inflammatory, anti-aging and anticancer effects. In the present study, we investigated the apoptotic effects of cordycepin in human prostate carcinoma cells. We found that treatment with cordycepin significantly inhibited cell growth by inducing apoptosis in PC-3 cells. Apoptosis induction of PC-3 cells by cordycepin showed correlation with proteolytic activation of caspase-3 and -9, but not caspase-8, and concomitant degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases, collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, cordycepin treatment resulted in an increase of the Bax/Bcl-2 (or Bcl-xL) ratio, downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family members, Bax conformational changes, and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol. The cordycepin-induced apoptosis was also associated with the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the quenching of ROS generation with antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine conferred significant protection against cordycepin-elicited ROS generation, disruption of the MMP, modulation of Bcl-2 and IAP family proteins, caspase-3 and -9 activation and apoptosis. This indicates that the cellular ROS generation plays a pivotal role in the initiation of cordycepin-triggered apoptotic death. Collectively, our findings suggest that cordycepin is a potent inducer of apoptosis of prostate cancer cells via a mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway and that this agent may be of value in the development of a potential therapeutic candidate for both the prevention and treatment of cancer.</P>
PHOTOMETRIC EVOLUTION OF OPEN CLUSTERS AND ASSOCIATIONS
LEE SEE-WOO,PARK WON-KEE The Korean Astronomical Society 1993 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.26 No.1
The photometric evolution of cluster stars are examined for six synthetic clusters in the age range from $2.4\times10^6\;yr\;to\;7.6\times10^8yr$ by using the detailed evolutionary model calculation, and their results are compared with the observed integrated absolute magnitude and colors of 47 clusters. The reasonable agreements of the observed photometric parameters with the synthetic evolutionary sequences imply that there is a general form of time-dependent IMF including the noncoeval formation of stars and its detailed function is changed slightly with various environmental conditions of each primordial cloud.
Analysis of Serum Zinc and Copper Levels in Alopecia Areata
Lee, Jong Suk,Lee, Sung Yul,Seo, Yong Won,Chung, Hyun,Nam, Kee Soon 대한피부과학회 1997 Annals of Dermatology Vol.9 No.4
Background: As co-factors of metalloenzymes, zinc(Zn) and copper(Cu) have a considerable effect on nearly all the metabolism that takes place in organs of the body, including the skin. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate zinc and copper status in alopecia areata patients. Methods: We measured serum levels of zinc and copper in 30 cases of alopecia areata patients and 10 normal individuals by atomic absorption spectrometry. Furthermore, we studied the significance of the ratio between serum levels of the two metals. Results: The serum levels of zinc were significantly lower in alopecia areata patients than in healthy controls. The serum levels of copper were slightly lower in alopecia areata patients than in healthy controls. Ratios of Cu/Zn were slightly higher in alopecia areata patients than in healthy controls. But their differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: We suggest that a serum Zn assay should be included in the chemical assessment of patients with alopecia areata.
NK Cell Activity and PAPG Alteration during N-Methylnitrosourea Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis
Kee-Teak Jang,Soo Young Park,Hye Won Shin,Kyoung Bun Lee,Ja-June Jang 한국실험동물학회 2005 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.21 No.4
To know the role of NK cells during gastric carcinogenesis, especially in late stage of tumorigenesis, the changes of NK activity was examined. Rats were given N-methylnitrosourea (MNU) at a concentration of 100 ppm in their drinking water for 15 weeks. Rats were sacrificed sequentially on week 15, 20, 30, and 40 of experimental period. Histological changes such as mild erosion, regenerative changes, focal or severe atypical lesions and invasive adenocarcinoma were observed sequentially in the pyloric region. Adenomatous hyperplasia was induced in majority of the rat stomach in MNU treated group and incidence of adenocarcinoma was 20% in 40 weeks of MNU-treated group. There was no difference in NK activity until week 20, however, it was decreased in MNU-treated rats at week 30 and week 40, when compared to that of untreated control group. From week 15, the ratio of pepsinogen 1-altered pyloric gland (PAPG) between untreated control and MNU treated rats was progressively increased. These results suggest that PAPG is a relatively good marker for the evaluation in progression of gastric carcinogenesis and decreased NK activity is shown, esepcialy in late stage of gastric carcinogenesis.