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Distinctive phyllosphere bacterial communities in tropical trees.
Kim, Mincheol,Singh, Dharmesh,Lai-Hoe, Ang,Go, Rusea,Abdul Rahim, Raha,Ainuddin, A N,Chun, Jongsik,Adams, Jonathan M Springer-Verlag 2012 Microbial ecology Vol.63 No.3
<P>Recent work has suggested that in temperate and subtropical trees, leaf surface bacterial communities are distinctive to each individual tree species and dominated by Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. In order to understand how general this pattern is, we studied the phyllosphere bacterial community on leaves of six species of tropical trees at a rainforest arboretum in Malaysia. This represents the first detailed study of 'true' tropical lowland tree phyllosphere communities. Leaf surface DNA was extracted and pyrosequenced targeting the V1-V3 region of 16S rRNA gene. As was previously found in temperate and subtropical trees, each tree species had a distinctive bacterial community on its leaves, clustering separately from other tree species in an ordination analysis. Bacterial communities in the phyllosphere were unique to plant leaves in that very few operational taxonomic units (0.5%) co-occurred in the surrounding soil environment. A novel and distinctive aspect of tropical phyllosphere communities is that Acidobacteria were one of the most abundant phyla across all samples (on average, 17%), a pattern not previously recognized. Sequences belonging to Acidobacteria were classified into subgroups 1-6 among known 24 subdivisions, and subgroup 1 (84%) was the most abundant group, followed by subgroup 3 (15%). The high abundance of Acidobacteria on leaves of tropical trees indicates that there is a strong relationship between host plants and Acidobacteria in tropical rain forest, which needs to be investigated further. The similarity of phyllosphere bacterial communities amongst the tree species sampled shows a significant tendency to follow host plant phylogeny, with more similar communities on more closely related hosts.</P>
Tropical Soil Bacterial Communities in Malaysia: pH Dominates in the Equatorial Tropics Too
Tripathi, Binu M.,Kim, Mincheol,Singh, Dharmesh,Lee-Cruz, Larisa,Lai-Hoe, Ang,Ainuddin, A. N.,Go, Rusea,Rahim, Raha Abdul,Husni, M. H. A.,Chun, Jongsik,Adams, Jonathan M. Springer-Verlag 2012 Microbial ecology Vol.64 No.2
Wang Xiao Hang,Chong Wen Tong,Wong Kok Hoe,Wang Chin-Tsan,Saw Lip Huat,Poh Sin Chew,Lai Sai Hin 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.5 No.3
Transition from conventional energy paradigm to sustainable energy system is a major challenge in 21st century. This article presents a preliminary shape analysis of an accessorial roof with wind turbine to maximize the utilization of wind energy. This investigation focuses on the optimized accessorial roof shape to assess the performance of wind turbines mounted on an eco-roof. The optimization included inclination angle analyses of different variations of accessorial roofs and wind turbine power coefficient through numerical simulation. A V-shape accessorial roof with inclination angle of 19.5 is identified as the most effective roof inclination angle for wind energy harvesting which is due to a 63% wind speed-up and a lower turbulence intensity. The V-shape accessorial roof is capable of augmenting power output of a wind turbine installed on the building to about 1.375 times higher than that of 0.3366 without V-shape accessorial roof structure. A short straight channel integrated with the accessorial roof can further enhance the efficiency of the wind energy harvesting. This accessorial roof offered the possibility of harvesting wind energy in low wind speed areas. This design is also integrated with a solar photovoltaic system, daylight saving system, and rain water harvesting system. Finally, the power generated from the wind turbines of eco-roof system was estimated.
Soil pH and biome are both key determinants of soil archaeal community structure
Tripathi, B.M.,Kim, M.,Tateno, R.,Kim, W.,Wang, J.,Lai-Hoe, A.,Ab. Shukor, N.A.,Rahim, R.A.,Go, R.,Adams, J.M. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 Soil biology & biochemistry Vol.88 No.-
The mechanisms underlying community composition and diversity of soil archaea are poorly understood. We compared both total archaea and ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) using 16S rRNA and amoA genes pyrosequencing respectively, in two different biomes: tropics (Malaysia), and temperate (Korea and Japan). Despite differences in characteristics of these biomes, we found that at the broad taxonomic level the dominant archaeal lineages are the same, except in certain instances (16S rRNA gene: group 1.1a Thaumarchaeota; amoA gene: Nitrososphaera and Nitrosotalea lineages). However, at the OTU level, both total archaea and AOA communities showed biome-specific patterns, indicating that at lower taxonomic levels biome differences are also important. In both biomes, total archaeal diversity showed a negative correlation with pH, but a hump-shaped curve for AOA diversity, peaking at ~pH 6.0. Within each biome, pH also emerged as the delimiting factor determining variation in community composition of both total archaea and AOA. Communities from each biome clustered separately, even at analogous pH levels. At the OTU level, certain shared OTUs did occur at approximately the same pH range in both biomes. We found that closely related OTUs of both total archaea and AOA respectively tended to co-occur, suggesting that in evolutionary terms these closely related lineages have conserved very similar ecological requirements. This predictability also strongly suggests that soil archaeal community assembly has strongly deterministic aspect. Overall, our findings emphasize that soil archaeal communities are to large extent predictable and structured by both biome and by soil chemical environment, especially pH.