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In vitro study of the photocytotoxicity of bathochromically-shifted hypericin derivatives
Roelants, Mieke,Lackner, Bernd,Waser, Mario,Falk, Heinz,Agostinis, Patrizia,Van Poppeld, Hendrik,De Witte, Peter A.M. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.6
Hypericin has excellent photosensitizing properties and displays favorable tumouritropic characteristics, but at the same time exhibits minimal dark toxicity. As such, the compound is a promising photosensitizer in the context of clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT). The present study was undertaken to investigate whether a newly-synthesized series of hypericin derivatives with a bathochromic shift shows promise for future PDT applications. Potentially these structures offer an advantage over the parent compound by being photo-activated by red light, which penetrates deeper into tumour tissue. Our results show that 3 compounds (a dibenzoxazole, a pyridazinone, and especially a dibenzthiazole derivative of hypericin), designed to exhibit a bathochromic shift in their absorption spectrum, demonstrated an efficient singlet oxygen yield and intracellular uptake, and concomitantly a potent photocytotoxic effect under white-light conditions. These results indicate that it is possible to synthesize bathochromically-shifted compounds based on hypericin chemistry which maintain their PDT potential. However, the data also show that the present derivatives are only poor photosensitizers when used under red-light conditions.
A multiscale creep model as basis for simulation of early-age concrete behavior
Ch. Pichler,R. Lackner 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2008 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.5 No.4
A previously published multiscale model for early-age cement-based materials [Pichler, et al. 2007. “A multiscale micromechanics model for the autogenous-shrinkage deformation of early-age cement-based materials.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 74, 34-58] is extended towards upscaling of viscoelastic properties. The obtained model links macroscopic behavior, i.e., creep compliance of concrete samples, to the composition of concrete at finer scales and the (supposedly) intrinsic material properties of distinct phases at these scales. Whereas finer-scale composition (and its history) is accessible through recently developed hydration models for the main clinker phases in ordinary Portland cement (OPC), viscous properties of the creep active constituent at finer scales, i.e., calcium-silicate-hydrates (CSH) are identified from macroscopic creep tests using the proposed multiscale model. The proposed multiscale model is assessed by different concrete creep tests reported in the open literature. Moreover, the model prediction is compared to a commonly used macroscopic creep model, the so-called B3 model.
Evaluation of symptoms and symptom combinations in histamine intolerance
Wolfgang J. Schnedl,Sonja Lackner,Dietmar Enko,Michael Schenk,Sandra J. Holasek,Harald Mangge 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.3
Background/Aims: Food intolerance/malabsorption, particularly histamine intolerance (HIT), may cause nonspecific functional gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms. We evaluated gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in patients with HIT. Methods: In an analysis of outpatients’ charts we identified 133 patients, who presented with recurring nonspecific functional gastrointestinal, extraintestinal symptoms, and a diamine oxidase value <10 U/mL, indicative of HIT. A standardized anonymous questionnaire with symptoms of HIT based on known symptoms and the 4 histamine receptors including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory and skin complaints was developed, and sent by mail to the patients. Results: In the 62 patients that completed the questionnaire, bloating was the most common and most serious symptom. Other commonly reported gastrointestinal symptoms were postprandial fullness, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. The presence of 2 from a list of 24 symptoms resulted in 276 various symptom combinations. From calculated 2.024 possible combinations of 3 symptoms the patients with HIT presented 1.975 combinations. Conclusions: The knowledge of this wide variability of symptoms and complex symptom combinations in patients with HIT may help to clinically recognize and diagnose HIT.
Diamine oxidase supplementation improves symptoms in patients with histamine intolerance
Wolfgang J. Schnedl,Michael Schenk,Sonja Lackner,Dietmar Enko,Harald Mangge,Florian Forster 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.6
Histamine intolerance (HIT) is thought to becaused by a disproportionate amount of histamine in thebody. The enzyme diamine oxidase (DAO) is consideredfor the gastrointestinal degradation of histamine. For thisopen-label interventional pilot study, we identified 28patients with HIT. For 4 weeks, they were instructed totake DAO capsules before meals. Then, throughout a follow-up period, they were instructed not to take the DAO. We used a questionnaire that included 22 symptoms, whichwere divided into 4 categories, as well as a symptomseverity score. All symptoms improved significantly duringthe oral supplementation of DAO. During the follow-upperiod, without DAO supplementation, the symptoms sumscores increased again. The symptom intensity score wasreduced for all symptoms. We have demonstrated, a significantreduction of every HIT-related symptom and itsintensity due to DAO oral supplements.
Computational multiscale analysis in civil engineering
Mang, H.A.,Aigner, E.,Eberhardsteiner, J.,Hackspiel, C.,Hellmich, C.,Hofstetter, K.,Lackner, R.,Pichler, B.,Scheiner, S.,Sturzenbecher, R. Techno-Press 2009 Interaction and multiscale mechanics Vol.2 No.2
Multiscale analysis is a stepwise procedure to obtain macro-scale material laws, directly amenable to structural analysis, based on information from finer scales. An essential ingredient of this mode of analysis is mathematical homogenization of heterogeneous materials at these scales. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of multiscale analysis in civil engineering. The materials considered in this work are wood, shotcrete, and asphalt.