Petrogenesis of the late Mesozoic highly fractionated I-type granites in the Luanchuan district: implications for the tectono-magmatic evolution of eastern Qinling

Yunhui Zhang,Huawen Cao,Mo Xu,Shouting Zhang,Li Tang,Shiyan Wang,Qiuming Pei,Guojun Cai,Tong Shen 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.2

Late Mesozoic granites are extensively distributed in the Luanchuan district of eastern Qinling and can be divided into two types: Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous granites (ore-related plutons) and Late Cretaceous granites (Laojunshan batholith). This study presents new geochemical and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic data from the Shibaogou and Yuku plutons to provide robust constraints on the petrogenesis and tectonic significance of the late Mesozoic granites in the Luanchuan district. Zircon U-Pb dating results yielded weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 149.1 ± 0.8 Ma and 150.5 ± 0.8 Ma, which were interpreted as the crystallization ages of the Shibaogou and Yuku plutons, respectively. We propose that the late Mesozoic granites contain high concentrations of SiO2 and alkali elements (Na2O + K2O) and feature metaluminous to weakly peraluminous characteristics. Enrichment in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements and depletion in high field strength elements are observed. Mineralogical and geochemical evidence reveal that the late Mesozoic granites are highly fractionated I-type granites with fractional crystallization of feldspar, plagioclase and accessory minerals (e.g., apatite and titanite or magnetite). Based on the Hf composition, we suggest that the parental magmas of the ore-related plutons were derived from remelting of the Taihua and Xiong’er groups with minor contributions of mantle-derived materials and that the Laojunshan batholith was generated by the hybridization of ancient crust- (Kuanping group) and mantle-derived components. Collectively, the above arguments indicates a tectonic transition from compression to post-collisional extension during the late Mesozoic, that was likely triggered by the continental collision of the North China Block and the Yangtze Block, which generated numerous contemporaneous granites and Mo-W-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au poly-metallic deposits.

Inhibition of α-glucosidase by 2-thiobarbituric acid: Molecular dynamics simulation integrating parabolic noncompetitive inhibition kinetics

Qin, Xiu-Yuan,Lee, Jinhyuk,Zheng, Li,Yang, Jun-Mo,Gong, Yan,Park, Yong-Doo Elsevier 2018 Process biochemistry Vol.65 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The phenomenon of α-glucosidase inhibition has attracted the attention of researchers due to its association with type 2 diabetes treatment in humans. In this study, we found that 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) induces complex inhibition of α-glucosidase using kinetics tests and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Computational MD and docking simulations demonstrate that TBA interacts with three residues on active sites of α-glucosidase such as Met69, Arg212, and His348. These biochemical tests indicate that TBA reversibly inhibits α-glucosidase in a parabolic noncompetitive manner (<I>IC</I> <SUB>50</SUB> =17.13±1.14mM; <I>K</I> <SUB>i</SUB> =13.25±0.56mM) and that this inhibition is accompanied by a biphasic kinetic process. The tertiary conformational changes were not synchronized with TBA inhibition but we observed hydrophobic disruption after inactivation at higher concentrations of TBA. Our results provide insight into the functional roles of residues located at the active sites of α-glucosidase, and we suggest that compounds similar to TBA (heterocyclic compounds) targeting the key residues of active sites are potential α-glucosidase inhibitors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 2-Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) induces complex inhibition of α-glucosidase. </LI> <LI> Computational MD simulations demonstrate that TBA interacts with Met69, Arg212, and His348. </LI> <LI> TBA reversibly inhibits α-glucosidase in a parabolic noncompetitive manner (<I>IC</I> <SUB>50</SUB> =17.13±1.14mM; <I>K</I> <SUB>i</SUB> =13.25±0.56mM). </LI> <LI> The high dose of TBA induces hydrophobic disruption after inactivation. </LI> <LI> Heterocyclic compounds targeting the key residues of active sites are potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Systematic Functional Annotation of Somatic Mutations in Cancer

Ng, Patrick Kwok-Shing,Li, Jun,Jeong, Kang Jin,Shao, Shan,Chen, Hu,Tsang, Yiu Huen,Sengupta, Sohini,Wang, Zixing,Bhavana, Venkata Hemanjani,Tran, Richard,Soewito, Stephanie,Minussi, Darlan Conterno,Mo Cell Press 2018 CANCER CELL Vol. No.

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The functional impact of the vast majority of cancer somatic mutations remains unknown, representing a critical knowledge gap for implementing precision oncology. Here, we report the development of a moderate-throughput functional genomic platform consisting of efficient mutant generation, sensitive viability assays using two growth factor-dependent cell models, and functional proteomic profiling of signaling effects for select aberrations. We apply the platform to annotate >1,000 genomic aberrations, including gene amplifications, point mutations, indels, and gene fusions, potentially doubling the number of driver mutations characterized in clinically actionable genes. Further, the platform is sufficiently sensitive to identify weak drivers. Our data are accessible through a user-friendly, public data portal. Our study will facilitate biomarker discovery, prediction algorithm improvement, and drug development.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Developed a versatile functional genomic platform for somatic mutation annotation </LI> <LI> Annotated >1,000 genomic aberrations, doubling the number of known driver mutations </LI> <LI> Assessed performance of existing algorithms for mutation functional predictions </LI> <LI> Built a user-friendly, open-access data portal for community-based investigation </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Evaluation of effective thermal conductivity of unsaturated granular materials using random network model

Lee, Chulho,Zhuang, Li,Lee, Dongseop,Lee, Seokjae,Lee, In-Mo,Choi, Hangseok Elsevier 2017 Geothermics Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The effective thermal conductivity of granular materials is widely used in numerous geothermal engineering applications, such as the ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. However, for unsaturated granular materials, it is difficult to predict the thermal conductivity because of the interaction between solid and fluid in media. In this study, the effective thermal conductivity of unsaturated granular materials was measured, reviewed and analysed using a macroscopic pore structure network model with a randomly packed particles. The network model was verified by measured data (soil water characteristics curve, thermal conductivity and etc.) of three different glass beads and also Jumunjin sand (standard sand of South Korea). Upon the series of laboratory experiments, some modification to the existing network model were introduced, such as the use of soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) applied to modelling the thermal conductivity of granular materials. In addition, an empirical correlation between the fraction of the mean radius (χ) and the thermal conductivity at a given saturated condition was developed through comparison with the test results. In the range of lower degree of saturation (5%–20%), the modified network model shows relatively higher thermal conductivity than the laboratory measurements. However, for the higher degree of saturation (>40%), it shows a similar tendency to the laboratory measurements.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effective thermal conductivity of granular material at the unsaturated condition is evaluated using the network model. </LI> <LI> A modified fraction of the mean radius is introduced in the modified network model. </LI> <LI> The modified network model estimates the effective thermal conductivity of porous media in all range of the degree of saturation. </LI> </UL> </P>

INTAKES OF FOODS AND NUTRIENTS CLASSIFIED INTO DIFFERENT FOOD GROUPS AT IGBO-ORA, WEST NIGERIA, WEST AFRICA

Mo, Sumi,Noel, Mary,Chen, Li Chuen 서울대학교 1965 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

韓國, 서울大學校農科大學農家政學科 牟壽美, 中華民國, 國防醫科大學生化學科 陳力軍, 阿洲, 시어라.리온國 保健從事修女, 노웰, 마리는 國際聯合食糧農業機構, 世界保健機構 및 國際聯合兒童基金의 三大國際聯合機關의 後援下에 西部阿洲, 西部나이제리아國의 이바단大學에서 開催된 第二回國際應用營養學會의 講習中, 著者에게 賦與된 訓練課題의 하나로서, 1964年 8月 2日부터 7日間, 同國의 이구보라地區의 農家 34戶, 卽 3名의 授乳婦와 13名의 姙娠婦를 包含한 140名의 住民을 對象으로 하여 食品種類別 營養攝取實態調査에 관한 硏究를 하였다. 1人當 1日平均칼로리 攝取量은 1896칼로리로서 나이제리아國民의 칼로리勸奬標準量보다 휠씬 不足한 結果를 나타냈으며, 그中의 74%는 蛋白質의 score가 각각 22, 69, 42, 인 「갸사바」, 「얌」,「매이즈」等의 澱粉性主食品에서 攝取되어 있었다. 脂肪의 1人當 1日平均攝取量은 25.6mg 로서 全體칼로리攝取量의 12.2%를 自示하였다. 一般的으로 칼슘과 비타민B群이 이들의 食生活에서 不足하였고, 勸奬量의 切半에도 未達할 程度이었다. 그와 反對로 비타민 A와 C, 그리고 鐵分의 攝取量은 勸奬標準量을 凌駕하였다. 蛋白質의 攝取量은 實地利用値인 18.9mg을 潛有한 36mg이며, 가장 深刻한 營養問題는 蛋白質의 量的 攝取量不足과 質的인 劣等性이었다. NDpCal%는 4이며, 이것은 칼로리 攝取에 對한 蛋白質의 不均衡性과 住民들間의 各種 蛋白質缺乏症 및 合倂症을 起因케한 實情과 符合되는 指數이었다. 特히 이 地域의 높은 乳幼兒死亡率 및 成長發育不振과, 姙娠婦 및 授乳婦의 營養失調도 이러한 不均衡食生活에서 온듯했다. 나이제리아는 아직 65%가 未開墾인 農業國이며, 國民全體에 供給할 充分한 食糧을 生産하고 있으나, 獨立한지 얼마안되는탓으로 오는 政治, 行政의 未熟으로, 全般的인 食糧分布의 矛盾과 國民의 營養敎育 및 知識의 不足으로서, 많은 營養失調와 營養缺乏症에서 苦悶하고 있다. 이에 國際機構의 援助와 더불어, 國家的對策으로서 多樣面으로 國民保健과 營養의 水準을 向上시키는데 눈부신 活躍과 努力을 아끼지 않고 있다. The dietary survey was conducted for a consecutive seven days in August of 1964 at Igbo-Ora, West Nigeria, West Africa sponsered by the school of applied nutrition, University College of Ibadan under the United Nations apllied nutrition programmes. Thirty four Igbo-Ora households consisting of 140 indivisuals were subjected on the study in the intakes of foods and nutrients classified into different food groups. As a result, 74 percent of total caloric intake was from the starchy staple foods; cassava, yam, maize and others. The significant deficits of total caloric intake as low as 1896 calories, lower levels of calcium, and B groups of vitamins in the diet were found through this survey. The content of vitamin A, C, and iron in the diet were adequate to the Nigerian recommended standard. About 12 percent of total caloric intake was from oils. The average protein intake was 36 grams, 5.6 grams of which was from animal origin. Reference protein was 18.9 grams. The NDpCal. for the average diet was 4 percent which comments an ill-balance in respect of protein to calories in the diet.

Fitness landscape for simple genetic algorithms supplied with adequate superior order-1 building blocks /

Mo, Hong Qiang,Li, Zhong,Park, Jin Bae,Joo, Young Hoon,Li, Xiang Yang The Korean Institute of electrical engineers 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.1

The Effects of County-of-Origin, BrandImage, and Corporate Image Dimensions on Brand Evaluations and Purchase Intentions of Smart Phones of Five Brands: A Comparative Study of China and Korea

Li Mo,Shuai Zhai 한국유통과학회 2013 유통과학연구 Vol.11 No.7

Purpose - In the academic literature, the researches on a comparative study on purchase behaviors of the consumers from emerging and mature markets remain limited. Therefore, this empirical study is attempted to examine the effects of country of origin (COO), brand image and corporate image on the purchase behavior of Chinese consumers (as from emerging market) and Korean consumers (as from mature market). Research Design, data, methodology - In total, 615 valid questionnaires were collected from the main cities of China and Korea respectively,and a multiple group analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses with SPSS 16.0 and AMOS18.0. Results - Chinese consumers are not influenced by country-of-origin effect, whereas Korean consumers are sensitive to it. Both Chinese and Korean consumers are sensitive to brand image, whereas corporate image does appear to influence Chinese consumers but not Korean consumers. The effects of country-of-origin are not more influential in less developed market (China) than more developed market (Korea). Conclusions - According to the results of this empirical study, the country-of-origin effect does impact Korean consumers but not Chinese consumers’ purchase behavior. Therefore, multinational companies are relatively free to make the decision, if Chinese consumers are the marketing targets, when choosing manufacturing sites.

Treatment of Syringomyelia Characterized by Focal Dilatation of the Central Canal Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Neural Stem Cells

Mo Li,Wang Xinyu,Qi Boling,Cui Shengyu,Zheng Tianqi,Guan Yunqian,Ma Longbing,Liu Sumei,Li Qian,Chen Zhiguo,Jian Fengzeng 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2024 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.21 No.4

BACKGROUND: Syringomyelia is a progressive chronic disease that leads to nerve pain, sensory dissociation, and dyskinesia. Symptoms often do not improve after surgery. Stem cells have been widely explored for the treatment of nervous system diseases due to their immunoregulatory and neural replacement abilities. METHODS: In this study, we used a rat model of syringomyelia characterized by focal dilatation of the central canal to explore an effective transplantation scheme and evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells and induced neural stem cells for the treatment of syringomyelia. RESULTS: The results showed that cell transplantation could not only promote syrinx shrinkage but also stimulate the proliferation of ependymal cells, and the effect of this result was related to the transplantation location. These reactions appeared only when the cells were transplanted into the cavity. Additionally, we discovered that cell transplantation transformed activated microglia into the M2 phenotype. IGF1-expressing M2 microglia may play a significant role in the repair of nerve pain. CONCLUSION: Cell transplantation can promote cavity shrinkage and regulate the local inflammatory environment. Moreover, the proliferation of ependymal cells may indicate the activation of endogenous stem cells, which is important for the regeneration and repair of spinal cord injury. BACKGROUND: Syringomyelia is a progressive chronic disease that leads to nerve pain, sensory dissociation, and dyskinesia. Symptoms often do not improve after surgery. Stem cells have been widely explored for the treatment of nervous system diseases due to their immunoregulatory and neural replacement abilities. METHODS: In this study, we used a rat model of syringomyelia characterized by focal dilatation of the central canal to explore an effective transplantation scheme and evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells and induced neural stem cells for the treatment of syringomyelia. RESULTS: The results showed that cell transplantation could not only promote syrinx shrinkage but also stimulate the proliferation of ependymal cells, and the effect of this result was related to the transplantation location. These reactions appeared only when the cells were transplanted into the cavity. Additionally, we discovered that cell transplantation transformed activated microglia into the M2 phenotype. IGF1-expressing M2 microglia may play a significant role in the repair of nerve pain. CONCLUSION: Cell transplantation can promote cavity shrinkage and regulate the local inflammatory environment. Moreover, the proliferation of ependymal cells may indicate the activation of endogenous stem cells, which is important for the regeneration and repair of spinal cord injury.

Ginsenosides: potential therapeutic source for fibrosis-associated human diseases

Li, Xiaobing,Mo, Nan,Li, Zhenzhen The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Tissue fibrosis is an eventual pathologic change of numerous chronic illnesses, which is characterized by resident fibroblasts differentiation into myofibroblasts during inflammation, coupled with excessive extracellular matrix deposition in tissues, ultimately leading to failure of normal organ function. Now, there are many mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis, which facilitate the discovery of effective antifibrotic drugs. Moreover, many chronic diseases remain a significant clinical unmet need. For the past five years, many research works have undoubtedly addressed the functional dependency of ginsenosides in different types of fibrosis and the successful remission in various animal models treated with ginsenosides. Caveolin-1, interleukin, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), liver X receptors (LXRs), Nrf2, microRNA-27b, PPARδ-STAT3, liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMPK, and TGF-β1/Smads are potential therapy targeting using ginsenosides. Ginsenosides can play a targeting role and suppress chronic inflammatory response, collagen deposition, and epitheliale-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as myofibroblast activation to attenuate fibrosis. In this report, our aim was to focus on the therapeutic prospects of ginsenosides in fibrosis-related human diseases making use of results acquired from various animal models. These findings should provide important therapeutic clues and strategies for the exploration of new drugs for fibrosis treatment.

Fiber Ring Laser Intra-cavity Absorption Spectroscopy for Gas Sensing: Analysis and Experiment

Mo Li,Kun Liu,Wencai Jing,Gang-Ding Peng 한국광학회 2010 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.14 No.1

Fiber ring laser based intra-cavity absorption spectroscopic sensor has great potential for high sensitivity gas detection. Using the rate equations and propagation equations, we investigated theoretically factors that affect the sensitivity of such fiber ring laser sensors and determined the optimal design parameters and conditions for significant enhancement of the system sensitivity. Experiments have been conducted to determine the sensitivity enhancement performance. The results showed a factor of 25 ~ 30 in sensitivity enhancement in the experimental system, agreeing well with the theoretical expectations. Experiments on acetylene detection have also been carried out and the results showed that the ring cavity significantly increases the signal absorption and that high sensitivity can be obtained for gas detection.