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자외선 (UVB) 노출 증가에 대한 피부암 위해도 예측 모델의 적용
신동천,이종태,정용,강나경,양지연 한국환경독성학회 1996 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1
A decrease in stratospheric ozone probably caused by chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) emissions, has been observed large parts of the globe. It is generally accepted that if ozone levels in the stratosphere are depleted, greater amounts of shortwave ultraviolet radiation-B (UVB) will reach the earth's surface, resulting in increased incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer. In this study, we evaluated several mathematical models, such as a power and an exponential model, and a geometric model considering the surface area of a human body part and ages for the prediction of skin cancer incidence caused by exposure to the UVB radiation. These models basically estimated the risk of skin cancer based on those measurements of the local ozone in stratosphere and UVB. Both were measured at a part of Seoul with a Dobson ozone spectrometer and Robertson-Berger UV Biometer for 1995. As a result, we calculated the point estimation applying a biological amplification factor (BAF), UVB radiation and other factors. We used a Monte-Carlo simulation technique with assumption on the distribution of each considered factor. The sensitivity analysis of model by there components conducted using Gaussian sensitivity method. The annual integral of UVB radiation was 2275 MED (minimal erythema dose)/yr. Also, an estimate of the annual amount of UVB reaching the earth's surface at a korea's latitude and altitude was 3328 MED/yr. The values of the radiation amplification factor (RAF) were ranged from 0.9 to 1.5 in Seoul. To give the effective factors required to model the prediction of skin cancer incidence caused by exposure to the UVB radiation in Korea, we studied the pros and cons of above mentioned models with the application of those parameters measured in Seoul, Korea.
Yoen Kyung Lee,Su Youn Yim,Seung Eun Jung,Ji Ha Kim,Ji Eun Kim,Eon Pil Lee,Hae Wook Choi,Hong Sung Kim,Jae Ho Lee,Young Jin Jung,Jung Sik Cho,Chung-Yeol Lee,Hong Joo Son,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2009 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.25 No.3
Selenium (Sel) is widely distributed through the body, and performs a crucial role in the regulation of organ function. In this study, in order to determine whether Sel treatment and selenoprotein M (SelM) overexpression could affect the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, the level of ERK phosphorylation was assessed in various tissues of CMV/ EGFP-hSelM Tg rats after Sel treatment. Herein, our results demonstrated that SelM overexpression induces a slight increase in the ERK MAPK pathway in the heart, liver, and intestine, while no changes were detected in the brain, lung, and kidney. After Sel treatment, the liver and intestine evidenced higher levels of ERK activation than were induced by SelM overexpression. In particular, costimulation with SelM overexpression and Sel treatment induced a dramatic increase in the phosphorylation of ERK in the brain, heart, liver, and intestine, while a reduction in ERK phosphorylation was noted in the kidneys. The results of this study suggest that Sel and SelM may contribute to the regulation of a variety of functions via the induction of ERK phosphorylation in different organs of CMV/EGFP-hSelM Tg rats.
Antioxidants of new compounds from marine Algae prevent cell death of endothelial cells
Lee, Ji Yoen,Lee, Mi Hwa,Park, Hae Ryoun,Choi, Jae Soo,Seo, Hong Suk,An, Won Gun,Choi, Won Chul 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Cytosolic oxidation by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE) and tert0butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) results in cell death of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). In this study, we have investigated the roles of antioxidants such as 2,3,6-tribromo-4.5-dihydroxy benzyl methyl ether (TDB) and phloroglucinol in preventing cell death. After treatment with oxidants for 6h, cells became compact and showed nuclear condensation, which were characteristics of early apoptosis. After 12h treatment, morphologic features including severe cytoplasm condensation, membrane blebbing, and apoptotic bodies were prominent and these findings were interpreted as characteristics of late-apoptosis. When the apoptotic cells were treated with antioxidants for 12h, both early and late apoptotic cells did show no significant change. After oxidant treated cells were incubated with antioxidant for 24h, the characteristics of early-apoptosis were eliminated but cells in late-apoptosis could not return to normal cells. These results suggest that TDB and phloroglucinol prevent the cells from dying through apoptosis induced by 4HNE and t-BHP in early stage.
Current Status of the Management Program for Animal Model of Disease in an Advanced Country
Yoen Kyung Lee,Seung Eun Jung,Ji Ha Kim,Ji Eun Kim,Hyun Ku Kang,Jung Sik Cho,Jun-Gyo Suh,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2009 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.25 No.1
Animal models of disease are animals that mimic the pathological condition or the disease entity of specific diseases occurring in humans. These animals are very useful to screen drugs that may be harmful, have a side effect, or would allow a better understanding of the disease mechanism. This study surveyed the current situation of animal care and use program for the Genetic Engineered Mouse (GEM) in the possession of advanced country. Also, the items of these situation involved the GEM number, the national policy and the government support system. The largest number of disease animals in the world is maintained in the USA. Specifically, the National Institute of Health (NIH) in USA supports the several institutions such as Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Centers (MMRRC), Induced Mutant Resource (IMR), Mouse Mutant Gene Resource (MMR), Special Mouse Strains Resource (SMSR) and Neuromice (NMICE) to maintain the animal models of disease. In Japan, RIKEN BioResource Center as one of several resources centers is collecting, supplying and reserving GEM involving the animal models of disease. These works were supported by National BioResource Project (NBRP) of Japanese government. Finally, the some countries in the European Union compile theEuropean Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA) in order to effectively support and manage these animal models of disease. At present, EMMA possesses 800 kinds of GEM disease models. Therefore, these results suggested that it is very important to establish the national management program for animal model of disease, and this system must be established as soon as possible in our country.
Current Status of Disease Model Importation from Foreign Countries into Korea
Yoen Kyung Lee,Seung Eun Jung,Ji Ha Kim,Ji Eun Kim,Hyun Ku Kang,Jung Sik Cho,Jun-Gyo Suh,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2009 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.25 No.2
Animal models of disease are very useful to screen drugs that may be harmful or have clinical effect, and to better understand the disease mechanism. In this study, we survey the current situation of importation for animal models of disease from foreign countries into Korea. To do this, four companies selling a great number of animal models were chosen for search their current situations on the importation number of disease model, the importation countries and the government role. At first, the largest number of disease animals were imported from USA, followed by Japan, Europe and other countries. The number of animal model imported from foreign countries per year were about 17,300 animals. Of these models, the disease models for obesity and diabetes is the largest number as 8,400 animals, followed by cancer (4,200 animals), immune disease (2,000 animals), neurodigenerative disease (1,300 animals) and cardiovascular disease (800 animals). Also, only 50% of company thought that the use of disease animals was rapidly increase in Korea in near future. Furthermore, all of company responsed that the level of our country on the management of disease model is 40-20% compare with advanced county. Therefore, these results suggested that it is very important to establish the national management program for animal model of disease, and this system must be established as soon as possible in our country.
Ji Eun Kim,Yoen Kyung Lee,So Hee Nam,Sun Il Choi,Jun Seo Goo,Min Ju Jang,Hee Seob Lee,Hong Ju Son,Chung Yeol Lee,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2010 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.26 No.4
Atopic dermatitis is an well-known skin disease showing inflammatory, chronically relapsing, noncontagious and pruritic symptoms. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of Liriope platyphylla (LP) on atopic dermatitis of NC/Nga mice. To achieve this, NC/Nga mice were treated with four different conditions including vehicle, phthalic anhydride (PA), PA+5% LP and PA+10% LP, and the changes of immune-related factors were detected after 2 weeks. The pathological phenotypes of atopic dermatitis such as erythema, ear thickness, edema, scab and discharge were significantly decreased in PA+10% LP cotreated groups compare to PA treated group. Also, the weight of lymph node and thymus in immune organs were gradually decreased in LP treated groups, while the weight of spleen was slightly increased in same group. Furthermore, toluidine blue staining analysis, a method used to specifically identify the mast cell, showed that the decrease of master cell infiltration into the dermis were statistically observed in PA+5% LP and PA+10% LP5% cotreated groups. Especially, the decrease of IgE concentration was detected only PA+10% LP cotreated group, although this level was maintained in PA+5% LP cotreated group. Therefore, these results suggested that the water extracts of LP may contribute the relieve of atopic dermatitis symptoms and be considered as an excellent candidate for a atopic dermatitis-therapeutic drug.