농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 및 개선대책 : 외국사례와의 비교를 통해

김진호,이종식,정구복,윤순강,고문환,심재천,권순국 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

우리나라 농업용수 수질기준과 다른 국가 또는 농업관련 국제기구의 수질기준에 대한 비교분석을 통해 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 도출과 해결방안을 모색코자 본 연구를 수행하게 되었으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 관개용수 수질기준이 아니고, 수원보호측면의 수질기준이라 할 수 있다. 2. 우리나라 수질기준중 유기물지표가 하천과 호소에 따라 BOD와 COD로 이원화되어 있고, 특히 COD의 경우 산화제로 KMnO4를 사용함으로써 효과적인 유기물지표로 활용할 수 없는 실정이다. 농업용수로의 활용측면에서는 K₂Cr₂O_(7)을 이용한 COD를 기준으로 도입하는 것이 유기물 분해능 및 수중의 유기물지표로 활용하고 있는 국제적 데이터 일치를 위해서도 타당하다. 3. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 캐나다와 FAO에서 제시하고 있는 염류에 대한 기준은 거의 없는 실정이다. 또한 양이온에 대한 기준도 없다. 염류의 기준이 모든 이온 존재의 가능성을 의미하므로, 실험치 및 외국문헌에 의한 1.0dS/m수준을 한계농도로 선정해야 한다. 4. FAO와 캐나다에서 사용하고 있는 축산용수에 대한 수질기준이 없다. 5. 관개용 농업용수가 농업(작물)에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 수원별로 수질기준이 다른 것이 큰 모순이다. 따라서 관계부처에서는 부처간의 이해를 떠난 수질기준을 설정해야 한다. 6. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 모순점을 극복하기 위해서는 농업의 안전성확보측면 위해 관개용수 수질기준과 축산용수 수질기준을 조속히 제정해야 할 것이다. Present problems and possible solutions on the Water Quality Standards for Agriculture in Korea, were identified in the study. Because the Ministry of Environment made the laws and standards without consulting the agri-scientists, among others, the water quality standards formulated were not suitable standards of FAO, Japan, Canada, and the likes. The BOD and COD are the organic materials indicators. In case of rivers, BOD are set for the indicator. And at reservoirs. COD are set. Especially. COD was analysed using KMnO₄It is not suitable oxidizing agent for COD. Because the oxidic capacity is very low. So, in most developed country, K₂Cr₂O_(7) is usually used to analyze COD. And the salts and cations are not belonged to the Korean Water Quality Standards for Agriculture. The water quality standards for agriculture have big differences among lakes, rivers and groundwater. To apply different standards by resources to evaluate the relationship between water and crops is conflicting. So, to overcome the these problems, the suitable water quality standards for irrigation and livestock should be set.

ENDOCRINE REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLANTATION, MAINTENANCE OF PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION IN THE RABBIT

Kwun, Jong-Kuk The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 1975 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.2 No.2

Effect of Adrenalectomy on Implantation and Maintenance of Pregnancy in Ovariectomized Rabbits

권종국,Kwun, Jong Kuk The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1975 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

난소를 제거한 가토에 있어서 부신에서 분비되는 oestrogen이 착상에 충분할 가능성이 있음에 비추어 이 실험에서는 가토에서 oestrogen의 근원이 되는 난소와 부신을 함께 제거하여도 착상이 여전히 일어나며 임신이 유지되는가를 실험하였다. 이 실험결과는 다음 두가지 점을 밝혀주었다. 1. 부신에서는 가토의 착상에 충분한 oestrogen을 분비하지 아니하였다. 2. 가토의 착상과 임신유지는 oestrogen 없이도 가능하였다.

Pentobarbital Sodium이 개의 혈액성분에 미치는 작용

권종국,Kwun Jong Kuk 대한수의사회 1962 대한수의사회지 Vol.6 No.3

Twenty-three dogs were used in a study to determine the effects of anesthetic does of Pentobarbital sodium on Leukocytes, erythrocytes, hematocrits and hemoglobin in dogs. The results showed that the leukocyte counts dereased significantly immedately afte

氣象要素에 의한 벼 蒸發散量 豫測

芮鍾斗,權純國 서울大學校 農科大學 1985 서울대농학연구지 Vol.10 No.1

Evapotranspiration (ETP) rate is one of the most important factors required in the determination of water requirement in the paddy field. The knowledge of water requirement serves as a base for irrigation planning as well as water management and hence the importance of a study for accurate estimation of ETP rate can not be over emphasized. This study was intended to suggest a method for accurate estimation of ETP rate in paddy field. Field measurements of ETP were taken for a period of 3 years and the data were analysed using the climatic data for the same period to verify the effects of climatic factors on ETP rate in paddy fields. A model for the estimation of ETP that uses the climatic data as an input was developed. From the fact that ETP rate and pan evaporation (EV) are both affected by similar factors, a method of estimating ETP using pan EV data was considered. The ETP coefficients (ETP/EV) for each year were analysed and compared for consistency. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The differences of the ETP rates between rice varieties were not significant. However, the differences in the ETP rates between the years were significant and these are explained by the differences of the climatic conditions for the different years. 2. The maximum 10-day ETP rates for 1982, 1983 and 1984 occurred in early August, middle August and early August respectively at a mean rate of 8.5mm/day. These maximum 10-day ETP periods concurred with the periods of maximum mean temperature and solar radiaton for each year. 3. The results of the regressional analysis of climatic factors and ETP rates shows that there is a high significant relation between the measured ETP rates on the one hand and mean temperature, solar radiation and relative humidity values on the other hand. 4. From the results of the regressional analysis of the 3 years' data of ETP on the one hand and mean temperature, solar radiation and relative humidity on the other hand, a model for estimating ETP was derived and is as given below. ETP = 0.168(AT/10)??(ST/100)??(RH/100)?? 5. The analysis and comparison of the ETP coefficient for each year gave the coefficient of variation of 16.65% and 17.09% for the small and large pans respectively. These values are relatively high and hence it was concluded that there was a little consistency of ETP coefficients from year to year.

재래종과 Saanen 종 염소의 갑상선 기능과 증체율의 비교

권종국,Kwun, Jong Kuk 대한수의학회 1972 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

In native and Saanen goats, the thyroidal iodine uptake rate and its correlation between thyroidal activity and body gain were studied. The results were as follows: 1. The thyroidal iodine-131 uptake rate in native and Saanen goats were 10.46% and 21.26%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). 2. The correlation coefficients between monthly body gain and thyroidal iodine-131 uptake rate were -0.32 and -0.46 in native and Saanen goats, respectively. The correlations were negative and not significant between the rates.

토끼의 임신에 대한 Halothane 및 Pentobarbital Sodium 마취의 영향

권종국,Kwun, Jong Kuk 대한수의학회 1975 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

The effects of halothane and pentobarbital sodium anaesthesia in implantation and maintenance of pregnancy were compared in the rabbit ovariectomized the day after insemination and given steroid replacement therapy. The result has shown that halothane anaesthesia did not favour the overall process of implantation or foetal development, compared with pentobarbital sodium.

Plasma Progestin Concentration In Artificially Maintained Pregnancy

권종국,이영소,Kwun, Jong-Kuk,Lee, Young-So The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 1976 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.3 No.2

The changes of the plasma progestin concentations in normal pregnancy and artificially maintained pregnancy of the rabbits by hormonal replace therapy after induced ovulation and insemination on Day 1, followed by ovariectomy on Day 2, were checked by direct measurement, competitive protein-binding assay, from the time of mating through to parturition. The results obstained in this experiment can be summarized as follows: (i) The mean concentration of progestin in normally pregnant rabbits increased from $1.7{\sim}2.7$ ng/ml on Day 1 to $19.8{\sim}25.3$ ng/ml on Days $13{\sim}15$ and declined slowly thereafter until term. (ii) The progesterone levels in artificially maintained pregnancy by hormonal replacement therapy showed quite a similar pattern to that in normally pregnant rabbits. 동물에서 정상적인 임신유지를 함에 필요한 홀몬의 양을 측정하기 위하여 토끼에서 인공수정을 실시한 다음날 양쪽 ovary를 제거하고, 홀몬대치요법(replace therapy)에 의해서 인공적으로 임신상태를 분만시까지 유지시키면서 competitive protein-binding assay method을 이용하여 혈중 progestin의 농도를 측정하여 정상 임신토끼와 비교하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 정상임신토끼에 있어서 혈중 progestin의 평균 농도 변화는 제 1일에 $1.7{\sim}2.7$ ng/ml으로 시작해서 차차 증가되어 제$13{\sim}15$일까지는 $19.8{\sim}25.3$ ng/ml까지 상승하였다가 그후 분만시까지 서서히 감소되었다. 2) 홀몬 대치요법에 의해서 인공적으로 임신을 유지시킨 토끼의 혈중 progestin 농도는 정상토끼의 progestin 농도의 변화와 매우 비슷한 변화곡선을 나타내었다.

담수호(淡水湖) Multiple Box 수질모형(水質模型)의 개발(開發)과 적용(適用)

임종완 ( Lim Jong Wan ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 1989 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.31 No.4

A multiple box model which is suitable for the prediction of water quality in shallow lakes with active mixing is a water quality model expected to be used widely in estuary reservoir. In this study, a multiple box water quality model for estuary reservoirs (MBQER) was developed arid the applicability of the MBQER was tested by applying data obtained from Asan-estuary reservoir. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The MBQER, dynamic water quality model, was developed to estimate 10-day water qualities of estuary reservoirs. For the proper analysis and the application of hydraulics needed to build a model, lake hydraulics was simplified by condisering only hydrological inflow and lake mixing currents. The box division in the MBQER is longitudinal one dimension for upper and middle part, and two layers for lower part of the reservoir. 2. The methods of box division for the multiple box model were examined and applied to Asan-estuary reservoir. For determining the number of boxes, Pe number and Pk number were used. In case of three boxes, the error by the model simplification would be estimated about 5% Therefore, in Asan reservoir, the proper number of boxes was three. 3. The MBQER was calibrated and verified using measured data in Asan-estuary reservoir from 1986 to 1988. The Root Mean Squares(RMS) for the differences between measured data and simulated results by the MBQER were 1.10℃ for water temperature, 75.8mg/l for salinity, 0.082mg/l for total-phosphorus showing good estimations. 4. Through the simulation of water temperature and salinity by the MBQER, the exchange flow and the mixing coefficients for the estuary lake were determined. As a result of simulation, the horizontal mixing coefficients in Asan-estuary reservoir were in the range of 1.07X 10⁵ to 1.12X 10⁵ ㎠/sec and vertical mixing coefficient was 2.90X 10^-1㎠/sec.

Estimation of Nonpoint Source Pollutant Loads for Rural Watershed by AvSWAT

Jin-Ho Kim(김진호),Jong-Sik Lee(이종식),Won-Il Kim(김원일),Goo-Bok Jung(정구복),Kuk-Heon Han(한국헌),Jong-Su Ryu(류종수),Suk-Cheol Kim(김석철),Sun-Gang Yun(윤순강),Jeong-Taek Lee(이정택),Soon-Kuk Kwun(권순국) 한국토양비료학회 2007 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.40 No.1