A method of lifeline communication in WDM passive optical networks

Kwangpyo Hong,Jin-Serk Baik,Chang-Hee Lee IEEE 2005 Photonics Technology Letters Vol.17 No.5

<P>We propose and demonstrate a novel method of lifeline communication, providing an emergency voice communication channel for fiber-to-the-home based on wavelength-division multiple-access passive optical network (WDM-PON). The WDM-PON is realized with wavelength-locked Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diodes. The total power consumption for lifeline communication is estimated at about 20 mW including 10 mW on the laser. The lifeline can be maintained for about 20 h with a conventional coin type battery.</P>

Fatigue and related factors after liver transplantation

Kwangpyo Hong,Hyeyoung Kim,Jeong-Moo Lee,Kwang-Woong Lee,Nam-Joon Yi,Hae Won Lee,YoungRok Choi,Suk-Won Suh,Suk Kyun Hong,Kyung Chul Yoon,Hyo-Sin Kim,Kyung-Suk Suh 한국간담췌외과학회 2015 한국간담췌외과학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Backgrounds/Aims: Fatigue is common in chronic hepatitis and end-stage liver disease. However, little is known about fatigue after liver transplantation (LT). We therefore evaluated the prevalence, severity, and related factors of fatigue after LT. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed adult recipients who responded to our survey at outpatient clinics between April and May 2013. Fatigue and its severity were assessed using a questionnaire with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). We defined fatigue as FSS of 4.0 or more and severe fatigue as FSS of 5.1 or more. The related factors including hepatocellular carcinoma and complications were analyzed. Results: A total of 93 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 54.9 (19-76) years and two-thirds were men (67.7%). Living donor LT was 77.4%. Hepatitis B related liver disease was the main underlying disease (77.4%), with hepatocellular carcinoma accompanied in 33.3%. The mean follow-up period was 66.8±43.2 (2-171) months. The mean FFS was 2.83±1.48 (1.0-6.7) overall and 5.10±0.82 (4.0-6.7) in the fatigue group. Of the 93 adult patients, fatigue was presented in 20 patients (21.5%). Among these, 9 patients (45.0%) showed severe fatigue. Even though post-LT complications tended to be greater in the fatigue group (50.0% vs. 30.1% in the non-fatigue group, p=0.098), there were no significant related factors of fatigue after LT, including hepatocellular carcinoma and major complication. Conclusions: Fatigue is present in a considerable portion of recipients after LT, and almost half of them have severe fatigue. Further efforts are needed to decrease fatigue in LT recipients.

The Characteristics and Types of Plants Used in Landscape Formation at Five Head Temples in Yeoungnam Province - Focus on Donghwasa Temple, Buseoksa Temple, Bulguksa Temple, Eunhaesa Temple, and Jikjisa Temple -

Kwangpyo Hong,Juhan You,Yongsoon Jang 전북대학교 휴양및경관계획연구소 2016 휴양및경관연구 (J East Asian Landscape Studies) Vol.10 No.2

This study aims to understand the their characteristics and analyze the diverse landscape plants distributed in the traditional temples. We surveyed the landscape plants that the planting species around building and terraced flower bed, excluded the spontaneous species. The contents of analysis were form, leaf fall and type, exotic species and the Buddhist symbol plant. Mostly, the families of landscape plants that rosaceae, compositae and liliaceae were much used. The rosaceae were used in landscape planting, and compositae and liliaceae were used in terraced flower bed and flower garden. Especially, a single planting, a linear planting and symmetrical planting most occupied in the planting types. This reason seemed the object and function of religion. There were lots of trees and shrubs in the form, and they were main material for formation of landscape and frame. Therefore, the temple landscape was composed of landscape plants and planting types and fell into chime with these components. The deciduous broad leaved was many in the leaf fall and type. The aesthetic value is a deciduous broad leaved directed by the external features of nutrition and reproductive organs with plants and flowers, recording, leaves, fruits, and non-seasonal forms along with the variety of landscapes inspectors by providing visual variety, because expression. Exotic species were introduced intentionally, unintentionally for a variety of purposes in a foreign species, naturalized plants invasive species was the wild country to adapt to the environment. Exotic materials will have to be rejected unconditionally, but indiscriminate use of space in a traditional review of the planting material is necessary because of the high potential to inhibit and distort the traditional landscape. Buddhist symbol plant is a very important feature as plants that have the least Buddhist doctrine and has a meaning and a symbol representing the Buddhist, the inspectors can show the difference with other scenic areas.

초등학생의 발명역량 증진을 위한 트리즈(TRIZ) 기반 학습모형 개발

홍광표(Hong, Kwangpyo),정주영(Jung, Juyoung) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.6

이 연구는 초등학생의 발명역량 증진을 위하여 트리즈 기반 학습모형을 개발에 목적을 두고 실시되었다. 연구목적의 실현을 위하여 설정한 연구과제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모형의 가치, 활동을 위한 단계 및 절차, 설계 전략, 지원요소 등을 바탕으로 초안을 구안한다. 둘째, 전문가 평가를 통하여 모형의 강점과 개선점을 확인하고 수정모형을 구안한다. 연구과제 구현을 위한 연구방법은 크게 개발연구방법론의 기틀 위 에서 문헌연구, 사례연구, 전문가평가 등을 활용하였다. 연구 결과에 따라 모형 초안에는 모형의 가치, 모형의 목표, 7단계의 핵심 프로세스, 3영역의 지원요소를 마련하였다. 이후 전문가들은 모형 초안에 대해 3가지 강점과 4가지 수정 사항을 제안하였다. 전문가의 평가에 따라 모형의 핵심 가치 아래 내용적 목표와 방법적 목표를 이중구조 형태로 나타내었고, 핵심 프로세스의 단계명을 일부 수정하였으며 지원요소 내용도 세부적으로 수정을 하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 제시된 결론을 보면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 초등학생을 위한 발명역량 증진 트리즈 모형은 트리즈와 문제해결의 내용을 모두 포함해야 한다. 둘째, 트리즈의 지원요소를 반영하여 발명교육의 일반적 내용을 포함해야 한다. 본 연구를 통하여 향후 초등학생의 발명교육 확대와 트리즈 교육의 학교 교육 도입 가능성을 넓힐 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this research is to develop a TRIZ-based learning model to enhance the inventive competency of elementary school students. The following research projects were set up to realize the purpose of research. First, draft a draft based on the core value of the model, the core activity process, the design strategy, and the supporting factors. Second, we identify the strengths and improvement points of the model through expert evaluation and make a modified model based on this. In order to realize the research project, a model draft was prepared by literature research, case study, expert evaluation, and validity measures according to the development research methodology. Based on the results of the study, the draft of the model provided the value of the model, the goal of the model, the core process of the 7 steps, The experts then proposed three strengths and four modifications to the model draft. According to the expert s evaluation, the core objective of the model is expressed as a dual structure with the content goal and the method goal, and the step name of the core process is partially revised. Based on the results of the study, the conclusions are as follows. First, the TRIZ model for elementary school students should include TRIZ and problem solving. Second, it should include general contents of invention education reflecting TRIZ support factors. Through this study, it is expected that the expansion of the invention education of elementary school students and the possibility of introduction of TRIZ education into school education will be widened.

커리어앵커를 활용한 다문화 초등학생의 진로인식 촉진 프로그램 개발

홍광표(Kwangpyo Hong) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2014 한국교육문제연구 Vol.32 No.4

본 연구는 커리어 앵커를 활용하여 다문화 가정의 초등학생을 위한 진로인식 촉진 프로그램을 개발하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 전체적으로 프로그램 개발 연구 방법을 사용하였는데 문헌연구, 사례연구, 요구분석 등을 통하여 프로그램의 목표, 내용, 방법, 도구 등을 추출하고 이를 바탕으로 프로그램의 초안을 마련하였다. 이후 관련분야 전문가들에게 프로그램 초안에 대한 양적, 질적 평가를 받아 프로그램 완성안을 구안하였다. 그리고 이 프로그램이 과연 다문화 초등학생의 진로인식을 촉진시키는가를 확인하기 위해 8차시에 걸쳐 25명의 다문화 초등학생에게 프로그램을 적용하고 그 효과성을 검증하였다. 그 결과 커리어앵커를 활용한 진로인식의 하위 7개 영역 모두에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 발견되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 향후 다문화 초등학생들을 위한 진로인식 교육에 모종의 방안을 제시해 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to develop the multi-cultual elementary students' career awareness promotion program based on career anchor. For this purpose, the researcher have researched literatures review, case studies and needs analysis related to career anchor and developed a draft of the program. Afterwards, through expert evaluation of the draft, I have developed the final program. To verify the validity of the program, 25 students performed the program during 8 times. Before and after the experiment, t-test was conducted as a pretest and a posttest. As a result, it's found that the experimental group students scored higher in every factor.

융합인재교육(STEAM)이 초등학생 고학년의 과학적 태도 및 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 영향

홍광표(Kwangpyo Hong),조준오(Junoh Jo) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2015 한국교육문제연구 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 융합인재교육을 활용한 교육이 초등학생 고학년의 과학적 태도 및 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 설계되었다. 이와 같은 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 초등학교 5-6학년을 대상으로 하는 융합인재교육 프로그램을 개발하고 이를 현장에 적용하여 그들의 과학적 태도와 창의적 문제해결력의 신장 정도를 확인하였다. 연구를 위한 대상은 K도 Y시 C초등학교 5학년 3개 학급 91명, 6학년 4개 학급 110명 등 총 201명이었다. 이들을 대상으로 단일 집단 사전-사후 검사 설계를 이용하여 분석을 실시한 결과 과학적 태도의 하위 변인, 즉 호기심, 개방성, 비판성, 협 동성, 자진성, 끈기성, 창의성이 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 상승하였다. 또한 창의적 문제해결력 역시 5, 6학년 모두에서 통계적으로 유의하게 상승하는 효과가 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 융합인재교육 을 적용한 과학 수업이 학생들의 창의적 문제해결력, 수업태도 향상 등에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 선행연구들에 의해 지지되는 것으로 또한 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 이 연구를 통하여 향후 초등학생을 위한 융합인재교육이 현장에 안정적으로 안착되고 나아가 연구의 대상이 되는 아동을 확 장하여 프로그램을 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 또한 융합인재교육이 유아까지 확대되고 있기 때문에 학년, 학교급을 다양하게 하여 적용하고 여타의 다른 역량 함양에도 도움이 되는지 후속연구 도 이어질 필요성이 있을 것이다. This study aimed first, to develop a elementary school STEAM education class, and second to examine the effect in terms of students’ scientific attitude and creative problem solving. For the research purpose, this study developed the STEAM education program for 5-6 grades. And, we examine 201 children by two survey tools. The result of this study showed the experimental group presented positive growth and changes in the two aspects-scientific attitude(curiosity, openness, criticism, collaboration, spontaneity, perseverance, creativity) and creative problem solving. The study suggests more practice of STEAM education to diverse subject, and more developments on other grades.

유아교사 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어 교육 역량 척도 개발 및 타당화

홍광표 ( Kwangpyo Hong ) 인문사회 21 2023 인문사회 21 Vol.14 No.1

연구 목적: 이 연구는 유아교사 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어 교육 역량 척도를 개발하는데 있다. 연구 방법: 척도 구성, 타당화 검증 등을 실시하였다. 문헌분석을 통하여 척도의 개념과 구성요소를 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 척도의 초안을 구성하였다. 척도 초안은 3차례에 걸친 전문가 적절성 조사를 통해 타당도 검사를 하고 2차안을 제작하였다. 이후 10명의 유아교사를 대상으로 예비조사를 실시하여 척도를 수정하고 다시 100명의 유아교사에게 문항양호도를 검사하였다. 그리고 500명의 교사를 대상으로 척도의 타당도, 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 연구 내용: 유아교사 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어 교육 역량 척도를 개발하기 위하여 유아교사 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어 교육 역량 척도의 개념을 탐색하고 관련 척도를 마련하여 타당화 과정을 거쳤다. 결론 및 제언: 유아교사 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어 교육 역량 척도는 ‘수업준비 역량’(8문항), ‘교육과정 설계 역량’(12문항), ‘인공지능 방법으로 수업운영 역량’(10문항), ‘수업평가 역량’(8문항) 등으로 구성되었다. 본 척도는 유아교사 인공지능 기반 소프트웨어 역량을 신뢰롭고 타당하게 측정할 수 있는 척도라고 볼 수 있다. 향후 이와 유아교사의 인공지능 영역, 그리고 소프트웨어 교육 영역 연구에서 유용한 도구로 활용될 것으로 예상한다. The purpose of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence-based software education competency scale for early childhood teachers. In order to realize the purpose of the study, scale construction and validation were conducted. The concept and components of the scale were derived through literature analysis. Based on this, a draft of the scale was constructed. The draft scale was tested for validity through three expert adequacy surveys, and a second draft was produced. Afterwards, a preliminary survey was conducted on 10 early childhood teachers, the scale was modified, and 100 early childhood teachers were tested again for item quality. And the validity and reliability of the scale were verified with 500 teachers. Research Results The AI-based software education competency scale for early childhood teachers is ‘class preparation competency’ (8 questions), ‘curriculum design competency’ (12 questions), ‘class management competency with artificial intelligence method’ (10 questions), and ‘class evaluation competence’ (8 items). This scale can be seen as a scale that can reliably and reasonably measure the AI-based software competency of early childhood teachers. In the future, it is expected to be used as a useful tool in the field of artificial intelligence of early childhood teachers and the field of software education.

초등학교 문제기반학습 수업 컨설팅을 위한 수업분석도구 개발

홍광표(Kwangpyo Hong) 한국문화융합학회 2022 문화와 융합 Vol.44 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교에서 문제기반학습 수업을 실시하고 수업컨설팅을 실시할 때 사용할 수 있는 수업분석도구를 개발하는 것이다. 연구목적의 실현을 위하여 실시한 연구방법은 사례연구, 요구분석, 전문가 평가 및 내용타당도 검증이었다. 사례연구는 연구주제와 관련된 분야의 문헌중심 사례를 수집하여 분석하였다. 요구분석은 현장 교사들을 중심으로 수업분석도구 개발에 있어 필요한 사항에 대한 필요를 수집하였다. 전문가 평가는 관련 분야 전문가를 대상으로 도구의 최종안 개발을 위한 의견을 수렴하였다. 내용타당도 검증은 본 연구의 결과 개발된도구의 최종안에 대한 타당성 검증을 위하여 실시하였다. 연구결과 개발된 수업분석도구는 크게 수업 전 도구, 수업 중 도구, 수업 후 도구로 구분된다. 수업 전 도구는 수업 설계 단계에서 고려되어야 할 사항을 확인하기 위한내용을 중심으로 되어 있다. 수업 중 도구는 문제기반학습의 절차별로 교사의 활동, 학생의 활동이 합당하게 구성되어 있는지 확인하기 위한 내용으로 만들어졌다. 수업 후 활동은 전체 활동의 평가와 성찰을 확인할 수 있도록개발되었다. 초등학교 문제기반학습 수업 컨설팅을 위한 수업분석 도구는 수업의 흐름에 따라 수업 전, 중, 후 활동으로 개발되어야 하며, 각 내용은 학습 흐름에 따라, 학습의 구성요소에 따라, 수업 참여 대상에 따라 만들어져야 한다. 뿐만 아니라 수업 분석도구는 체계성, 과학성, 객관성을 갖출 수 있도록 구안되어야 한다. The purpose of this study is to develop instruction analysis tools that can be used when conducting problem-based learning classes and conducting instruction consulting in elementary schools. The research methods carried out for the realization of the research purpose were case study, needs analysis, expert evaluation, and content validity verification. Case studies were analyzed by collecting and analyzing literature-centered cases in fields related to the research topic. The needs analysis collected the needs for the items necessary for the development of class analysis tools, centering on the field teachers. For expert evaluation, opinions for the development of the final tool were collected from experts in the relevant field. Content validity verification was conducted to verify the validity of the final draft of the tool developed as a result of this study. The instruction analysis tools developed as a result of the research are largely divided into pre-class tools, in-class tools, and post-class tools. The pre-class tool is centered on the content to check the items to be considered in the class design stage. In class, the tools were created to check whether the teacher's and student's activities are properly organized for each procedure of problem-based learning. The activities after instruction were developed to confirm the evaluation and reflection of the entire activity. Instruction analysis tools for elementary schools problem-based learning instruction consulting should be developed as pre-, middle-, and post-class activities according to the flow of the instruction. have to lose In addition, instruction analysis tools should be designed to have systematic, scientific and objectivity.

Risk factors affecting the outcomes in pediatric liver transplantation: A real-world single-center experience

Suk Kyun HONG,Nam-Joon YI,Kwangpyo HONG,Eui Soo HAN,Jeong-Moo LEE,YoungRok CHOI,Kwang-Woong LEE,Kyung-Suk SUH 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.-

Outcome of Pediatric Liver Transplantation and Risk Factor Affecting Overall Survival: Using Two Korean National Registry Data

( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Nam-joon Yi ),( Jeong-moo Lee ),( Kwangpyo Hong ),( Eui Soo Han ),( Kwang-woong Lee ),( Kyung-suk Suh ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Children are not just small adults and the results might be somewhat different from the adult LT. The aim of this study is to evaluate the national cohort of pediatric LT patients and analyze the risk factor for mortality. Methods: Two national registry data were used. One is the Korean Network Organ Sharing (KONOS) of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a mandated national registry started in 2000 but the prospective variables are limited. The other one is the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY), a nationwide organ transplantation registration system, includes many variables but started in 2014. Prospectively collected data of 802 pediatric LT patients between February 2000 and December 2015 from KOTRY and 76 pediatric LT patients between May 2014 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-year patient survival rates from KONOS data were 89.5%, 87.5%, 85.7%, and 84.8%. The 1-month, 1-, and 2-year patient survival rates from KOTRY were 92.1%, 89.4%, and 87.2%. There was no significant survival difference between the two registry data. KONOS data of 802 children showed that the mean age was 3.9 years and there were 359 (44.8%) male. Biliary atresia was the leading indication (n=357; 44.5%). KOTRY data of 76 children showed that the mean age was 59.4 months and there were 33 (43.4%). Risk factor for mortality was analyzed using KOTRY data. Hepatic artery complication after liver transplantation was the only risk factor of overall mortality (P<0.001). Conclusions: Long-term pediatric patient survival after liver transplantation is satisfactory.