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Productivity and energy partition of late lactation dairy cows during heat exposure
KIM, Kyoung Hoon,KIM, Do-Hyung,OH, Young-Kyoon,LEE, Sung-Sill,LEE, Hyun-Jeong,KIM, Dong-Woon,SEOL, Yong-Joo,KIMURA, Nobuhiro Blackwell Publishing Asia 2010 ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL Vol.81 No.1
<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>Three late-lactation Holstein cows were used to determine the effects of environmental temperature on performance and energy partitioning. Each cow was housed in a respiratory chamber for 30 consecutive days and exposed to three different conditions of environmental temperature: (i) 20°C and 20°C (20°C), (ii) 25°C and 20°C (25°C), (iii) 30°C and 25°C (30°C) during the day and night, respectively. The temperature was switched in an interval of 10 days. Humidity in the chamber was maintained at 55–65% through the entire experimental period. The daily mean as well as morning and evening rectal temperatures of Holstein cows increased linearly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) as chamber temperature increased. There was a significant linear reduction in dry matter (DM) intake (<I>P</I> < 0.05) and an increase in DM digestibility (<I>P</I> < 0.05). The response in milk yield, however, was not affected by heat stress. There were no significant differences among treatments for intake energy, heat production, net energy for lactation and net energy for gain. This results of this study disagreed with the assumption that late lactation cows gave priority to increasing body tissue at the expense of milk production under thermal stress.</P>
Silicon photonic receiver and transmitter operating up to 36 Gb/s for λ~1550 nm.
Joo, Jiho,Jang, Ki-Seok,Kim, Sang Hoon,Kim, In Gyoo,Oh, Jin Hyuk,Kim, Sun Ae,Jeong, Gyu-Seob,Kim, Yoonsoo,Park, Jun-Eun,Kim, Sungwoo,Chi, Hankyu,Jeong, Deog-Kyoon,Kim, Gyungock Optical Society of America 2015 Optics express Vol.23 No.9
<P>We present the hybrid-integrated silicon photonic receiver and transmitter based on silicon photonic devices and 65 nm bulk CMOS interface circuits operating over 30 Gb/s with a 10(-12) bit error rate (BER) for λ ~1550nm. The silicon photonic receiver, operating up to 36 Gb/s, is based on a vertical-illumination type Ge-on-Si photodetector (Ge PD) hybrid-integrated with a CMOS receiver front-end circuit (CMOS Rx IC), and exhibits high sensitivities of -11 dBm, -8 dBm, and -2 dBm for data rates of 25 Gb/s, 30 Gb/s and 36 Gb/s, respectively, at a BER of 10(-12). The measured energy efficiency of the Si-photonic receiver is 2.6 pJ/bit at 25 Gb/s with an optical input power of -11 dBm, and 2.1 pJ/bit at 36 Gb/s with an optical power of -2 dBm. The hybrid-integrated silicon photonic transmitter, comprised of a depletion-type Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a CMOS driver circuit (CMOS Tx IC), shows better than 5.7 dB extinction ratio (ER) for 25 Gb/s, and 3 dB ER for 36 Gb/s. The silicon photonic transmitter achieves the data transmission with less than 10(-15) BER at 25 Gb/s, 10(-14) BER at 28 Gb/s, and 6 x 10(-13) BER with the energy efficiency of ~6 pJ/bit at 30 Gb/s.</P>
Kim, Iktae,Lee, Ko On,Yun, Young-Joo,Jeong, Jea Yeon,Kim, Eun-Hee,Cheong, Haekap,Ryu, Kyoung-Seok,Kim, Nak-Kyoon,Suh, Jeong-Yong Elsevier 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>S100A5 is a calcium-binding protein of S100 family, which represents a major ligand to the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE), a pattern recognition receptor engaged in diverse pathological processes. Here we have characterized calcium binding of S100A5 and the complex formation between S100A5 and RAGE using calorimetry and NMR spectroscopy. S100A5 binds to calcium ions in a sequential manner with the equilibrium dissociation constants (<I>K</I> <SUB>D</SUB>) of 1.3 μM and 3.5 μM, which corresponds to the calcium-binding at the C-terminal and N-terminal EF-hands. Upon calcium binding, S100A5 interacts with the V domain of RAGE (RAGE-v) to form a heterotrimer (<I>K</I> <SUB>D</SUB> ∼5.9 μM) that is distinct among the S100 family proteins. Chemical shift perturbation data from NMR titration experiments indicates that S100A5 employs the periphery of the dimer interface to interact with RAGE-v. Distinct binding mode and stoichiometry of RAGE against different S100 family proteins could be important to modulate diverse RAGE signaling.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Thermodynamic of sequential Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-binding to S100A5 is determined quantitatively. </LI> <LI> S100A5 binds to RAGE-v to form a distinct dynamic heterotrimer with <I>K</I> <SUB>D</SUB> ∼5.9 μM. </LI> <LI> RAGE-v binds to the rim of the S100A5 dimer interface via hydrophobic interaction. </LI> <LI> Different binding modes of S100 proteins to RAGE may modulate RAGE signaling. </LI> </UL> </P>
Kim, Joo-Nyeon,Kim, Jin-Hae,Ryu, Jiseon,Yoon, Sukhoon,Park, Sang-Kyoon Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics 2016 한국운동역학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare three-dimensional kinematic changes of the lower extremity between the two different braking distances during snowplow in alpine skiing. Method: Six alpine ski instructors (age: $25.3{\pm}1.5yr$, height: $169.3{\pm}2.9cm$, weight: $66.2{\pm}5.9kg$, career: $4.2{\pm}2.9yr$) participated in this study. Each skier was asked to perform snowplow on the two different braking distances (2 and 4 m). Results: Snowplow and edging angles (p = .006 and p = .005), ankle adduction and inversion (p = .033 and p = .002), knee extension (p = .003), and hip abduction and internal rotation (p = .043 and p = .006) were significantly greater in the 2 m than in the 4 m braking distance. Conclusion: Based on our results, we suggest that skiers should make greater snowplow and edging angles on the shorter braking distance. In this situation, ankle joint adduction/inversion angle and hip joint internal-rotation make greater snowplow angle, and hip joint abduction make greater edging angle. In addition, greater knee joint extension angle may lead to more posteriorly positioned center of mass.
( Joo-nyeon Kim ),( Jin-hae Kim ),( Jiseon Ryu ),( Sukhoon Yoon ),( Sang-kyoon Park ) 한국운동역학회 2016 한국운동역학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare three-dimensional kinematic changes of the lower extremity between the two different braking distances during snowplow in alpine skiing. Method: Six alpine ski instructors (age: 25.3 ± 1.5 yr, height: 169.3 ± 2.9 cm, weight: 66.2 ± 5.9 kg, career: 4.2 ± 2.9 yr) participated in this study. Each skier was asked to perform snowplow on the two different braking distances (2 and 4 m). Results: Snowplow and edging angles (p = .006 and p = .005), ankle adduction and inversion (p = .033 and p = .002), knee extension (p = .003), and hip abduction and internal rotation (p = .043 and p = .006) were significantly greater in the 2 m than in the 4 m braking distance. Conclusion: Based on our results, we suggest that skiers should make greater snowplow and edging angles on the shorter braking distance. In this situation, ankle joint adduction/inversion angle and hip joint internal-rotation make greater snowplow angle, and hip joint abduction make greater edging angle. In addition, greater knee joint extension angle may lead to more posteriorly positioned center of mass.
Kim, Dong-Yoon,Choi, Cheol-Hee,Kim, Chong-Dae,Kim, Kyoon-Hong,Kim, Soo-Bok,Lee, Byeong-Joo,Chung, Myung-Hyun The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1989 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.12 No.3
In the previous observations, it was reported that both total ginseng saponin and panaxadiol revealed the marked secretory effect of catecholamines (CA) from the rabbit adrenal gland and that CA secretion induced by them is due to dual mechanisms, cholinergic action and the direct action. In the present study, an attempt to investigate the effect of panaxatriol-type saponin (PT), which is known as an active component of Korean ginseng, on the secretion of CA from the rabbit adrenal gland was made. PT(200 $\mu$g) administered into adrenal vein evoked significantly secretion of CA from the isolated perfused rabbit adrenal gland. Secretory effect of CA produced by PT was attenuated clearly by treatment with chlorisondamine or adenosine, but was markedly increased by physostigmine. Perfusion of Krebs solution containing PT (200 $\mu$g) for 30 min potentiated greatly secretion of CA induced by acetylcholine. PT-induced CA secretion was weakened considerably by ouabain treatement or perfusion of calcium-free Krebs solution. These experimental data demonstrate that PT releases CA from the isolated perfused rabbit adrenal gland by a calcium-dependentd exocytotic mechanism. It seems that the secretory effect of PT is caused through the release of acetylcholine form cholinergic terminals present in the adrenal gland and a direct action on the chromaffin cell itself.
Kim, Jeong-Hoon,Oh, Young-Kyoon,Kim, Kyoung-Hoon,Choi, Chang-Won,Hong, Seong-Koo,Seol, Yong-Joo,Kim, Do-Hyung,Ahn, Gyu-Chul,Song, Man-Kang,Park, Keun-Kyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.9
Three beef steers fitted with permanent cannulae in the rumen and duodenum were used to determine the effects of protein supply from soyhulls (SH) and wheat bran (WB) on ruminal metabolism, blood metabolites, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient digestion and concentrations of soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in ruminal (RD) and omasal digesta (OD). In a 3${\times}$3 Latin square design, steers were offered rice straw and concentrates formulated either without (control) or with two brans to increase crude protein (CP) level (9 vs. 11% dietary DM for control and bran-based diets, respectively). The brans used were SH and WB that had similar CP contents but different ruminal CP degradability (52 vs. 80% CP for SH and WB, respectively) for evaluating the effects of protein degradability. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were higher for bran diets (p<0.01) than for the control, and for WB (p<0.001) compared to the SH diet. Similarly, microbial nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased (p<0.05) by bran and WB diets, respectively. Retained nitrogen tended (p<0.082) to be increased by SH compared with the WB diet. Intestinal and total tract CP digestion was enhanced by bran diets. In addition, bran diets tended (p<0.085) to increase intestinal starch digestion. Concentrations of SNAN fractions in RD and OD were higher (p<0.05) for bran diets than for the control, and for WB than for the SH diet. More rumendegraded protein supply resulting from a higher level and degradability of CP released from SH and WB enhanced ruminal microbial nitrogen synthesis and ruminal protein degradation. Thus, free amino acids, peptides and soluble proteins from microbial cells as well as degraded dietary protein may have contributed to increased SNAN concentrations in the rumen and, consequently, the omasum. These results indicate that protein supply from SH and WB, having a low level of protein (13 and 16%, respectively), could affect ruminal metabolism and nutrient digestion if inclusion level is relatively high (>20%).
알파인 스킹 시 카빙 턴과 베이직 패러렐 턴 간의 신체중심 및 하지관절의 운동학적 패턴 비교
김주년 ( Joo Nyeon Kim ),전현민 ( Hyun Min Jeon ),류시현 ( Si Hyun Yoo ),하성희 ( Sung He Ha ),김진해 ( Jin Hae Kim ),류지선 ( Ji Seon Ryu ),박상균 ( Sang Kyoon Park ),윤석훈 ( Suk Hoon Yoon ) 한국운동역학회 2014 한국운동역학회지 Vol.24 No.3
This study investigated the center of mass and lower extremity kinematic patterns between carved and basic paralell turn during alpine skiing. Six experienced skiers (age: 20.67±4.72 yrs, body mass: 72.67±7.15 kg, height: 171.00±5.51 cm) participated in this study. Each skier were asked to perform carved and basic paralell turn on a 22.95° groomed slope. Each turn was divided into the initiation phase, steering phase 1 and 2. The results of this study show that the carved turn spent significantly less running time than basic paralell turn at all three phases (p<.05). Also vertical displacement of the center of mass was significantly greater in carved turn at all three phases, whereas inward leaning angle of the center of mass was significantly greater in carved turn at the steering phase 1 and 2 (p<.05). Bilateral knee and hip joint angle were significantly greater in basic paralell turn at the initiation phase and the steering phase 2 (p<.05). On the other hand, left knee and hip joint angle were significantly greater in basic paralell turn at the steering phase 1 (p<.05). In order to perform successful carved turn, we suggest that skiers should coordinate bilateral knee and hip joint angles to adjust the center of mass, depending on three ski turn phases.
중정형 집합주택의 변화와 공동체 개념 사이의 관계에 관한 연구
김주일(Kim Joo-Il),김진균(Kim Jin-Kyoon) 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2
The purpose of this study is to understand the type of community required in contemporary public housing. To the aim, I categorized the collective housing with courtyard by circulation of dweller, gaze from the inside and outside, programs for the community, and derive five types through analyzing the phases that related with the concept of community. By spatial composition, five types are classified into three groups, which are related with Deconstructivism, Continuationism and Extensionism of the community. The type related with Extensionism is proper to form the new community in the nowaday.