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Three-gene predictor of clinical outcome for gastric cancer patients treated with chemotherapy
Kim, H K,Choi, I J,Kim, C G,Kim, H S,Oshima, A,Yamada, Y,Arao, T,Nishio, K,Michalowski, A,Green, J E Nature Publishing Group 2012 The pharmacogenomics journal Vol.12 No.2
<P>To identify transcriptional profiles predictive of the clinical benefit of cisplatin and fluorouracil (CF) chemotherapy to gastric cancer patients, endoscopic biopsy samples from 96 CF-treated metastatic gastric cancer patients were prospectively collected before therapy and analyzed using high-throughput transcriptional profiling and array comparative genomic hybridization. Transcriptional profiling identified 917 genes that are correlated with poor patient survival after CF at <I>P</I><0.05 (poor prognosis signature), in which protein synthesis and DNA replication/recombination/repair functional categories are enriched. A survival risk predictor was then constructed using genes, which are included in the <I>poor prognosis signature</I> and are contained within identified genomic amplicons. The combined expression of three genes—<I>MYC</I>, <I>EGFR</I> and <I>FGFR2</I>—was an independent predictor for overall survival of 27 CF-treated patients in the validation set (adjusted <I>P</I>=0.017), and also for survival of 40 chemotherapy-treated gastric cancer patients in a published data set (adjusted <I>P</I>=0.026). Thus, combined expression of <I>MYC</I>, <I>EGFR</I> and <I>FGFR2</I> is predictive of poor survival in CF-treated metastatic gastric cancer patients.</P>
Kim, Yeonjoo,Kong, Inhye,Park, Hyesun,Kim, Heey Jin,Kim, Ik Jae,Um, Myoung-Jin,Green, Pamela A.,Vö,rö,smarty, Charles J. Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.637 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Water resources have been threatened by climate change, increasing population, land cover changes in watersheds, urban expansion, and intensive use of freshwater resources. Thus, it is critical to understand the sustainability and security of water resources. This study aims to understand how we can adequately and efficiently quantify water use sustainability at both regional and global scales with an indicator-based approach. A case study of South Korea was examined with the framework widely used to quantify global human water threats. We estimated the human water threat with both global and local datasets, showing that the water security index using global data was adequately correlated with the index for regional data. However, particularly poor associations were found in the investment benefit factors. Furthermore, we examined several different aspects of the index with the local datasets as they have relatively high spatial and temporal resolution. For example, we used cropland percentage, population and moderate water use as surrogate indicators instead of employing the approximately 20 original indicators, and we presented a regression model that was able to capture the spatial variations from the original threat index to some extent. This finding implies that it would be possible to predict water security or sustainability using existing indicator datasets for future periods, although it would require regionally developed relationships between water security and such indicators.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Strong correlations were found between global and regional indicators except for investment benefits. </LI> <LI> Three key indicators represent the majority of the spatial variation in incident threat. </LI> <LI> R25° is the most appropriate spatial resolution for regional analysis. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Green, Sara K,Tompsett, Geoffrey A,Kim, Hyung Ju,Bae Kim, Won,Huber, George W Wiley-VCH 2012 CHEM SUS CHEM Vol.5 No.12
<P>Acetone was electrocatalytically reduced to isopropanol in a proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) reactor on an unsupported platinum cathode. Protons needed for the reduction were produced on the unsupported Pt-Ru anode from either hydrogen gas or electrolysis of water. The current efficiency (the ratio of current contributing to the desired chemical reaction to the overall current) and reaction rate for acetone conversion increased with increasing temperature or applied voltage for the electrocatalytic acetone/water system. The reaction rate and current efficiency went through a maximum with respect to acetone concentration. The reaction rate for acetone conversion increased with increasing temperature for the electrocatalytic acetone/hydrogen system. Increasing the applied voltage for the electrocatalytic acetone/hydrogen system decreased the current efficiency due to production of hydrogen gas. Results from this study demonstrate the commercial feasibility of using PEM reactors to electrocatalytically reduce biomass-derived oxygenates into renewable fuels and chemicals.</P>