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Progress and prospects in nanoscale dry processes: How can we control atomic layer reactions?
Ishikawa, Kenji,Karahashi, Kazuhiro,Ichiki, Takanori,Chang, Jane P.,George, Steven M.,Kessels, W. M. M.,Lee, Hae June,Tinck, Stefan,Um, Jung Hwan,Kinoshita, Keizo Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2017 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol. No.
<P>In this review, we discuss the progress of emerging dry processes for nanoscale fabrication. Experts in the fields of plasma processing have contributed to addressing the increasingly challenging demands in achieving atomic-level control of material selectivity and physicochemical reactions involving ion bombardment. The discussion encompasses major challenges shared across the plasma science and technology community. Focus is placed on advances in the development of fabrication technologies for emerging materials, especially metallic and intermetallic compounds and multiferroic, and two-dimensional (2D) materials, as well as state-of-the-art techniques used in nanoscale semiconductor manufacturing with a brief summary of future challenges. (C) 2017 The Japan Society of Applied Physics</P>
Masatomo Ishikawa,Muneyuki Sakata,Jun Toyohara,Keiichi Oda,Kenji Ishii,Jin Wu,Taisuke Yoshida,Masaomi Iyo,Kiichi Ishiwata,갠지하시모토 대한정신약물학회 2011 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.9 No.3
Objective: Agonists of α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been developed as potential therapeutic drugs for neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive brain imaging technique to measure receptor occupancy in the living human brain. Although much effort has been expended to create specific PET radioligands for α7-nAChRs in the brain, only 4-[^(11)C]methylphenyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2.]nonane-4-carboxylate ([^(11)C]CHIBA-1001) is currently available for clinical studies. In contrast, two 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT_3)receptor antagonists, tropisetron and ondansetron, have been used to treat patients with chemotherapy-induced or postoperative nausea and vomiting. Furthermore, tropisetron, but not ondansetron, possesses high affinity for α7-nAChRs. In the present study, we evaluated the receptor occupancy in the human brain after a single oral administration of tropisetron and ondansetron using [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 and PET. Methods: Two serial dynamic PET scans using [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 in healthy non-smoking male subjects were performed before and after receiving an oral administration of these medications. Results: A single oral administration of tropisetron, but not ondansetron, decreased the total distribution volume of [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 in the human brain. Conclusion: This study shows that tropisetron, but not ondansetron, could bind to α7-nAChRs in the human brain after a single oral administration. Therefore, [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 may be a useful PET radioligand to measure the occupancy of α7-nAChRs in the human brain.
Development of Flight Simulator for Human-Powered Aircraft
Yasuhiro Inaba,Yuzo Shimada,Kenji Uchiyama,Kenichi Abe,Yoshio Ishikawa,Takao Sugimoto,Yasuyuki Miyazaki,Yuzo Koyama,Shohei Onishi,Kazuo Matubara,Chikatoshi Satoh,Takao Minejima,Kaname Hirayanagi,Michi 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10
Baseline risk of recurrence in stage I–II endometrial carcinoma
Shinsuke Sasada,Mayu Yunokawa,Yae Takehara,Mitsuya Ishikawa,Shunichi Ikeda,Tomoyasu Kato,Kenji Tamura 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.1
Objective: Though there are no evidences that postoperative therapy improves overall survival (OS) in stage I–II endometrial carcinoma, many women receive postoperative radiation or chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the baseline risk of recurrence after complete resection without any adjuvant therapies and to suppose the validity of postoperative therapy for stage I–II endometrial carcinoma. Methods: Charts for patients with stage I–II endometrial carcinoma who underwent operation without postoperative therapy between January 2005 and December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed and the baseline risk of recurrence and prognosis were assessed. Risk classifications were performed according to European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) clinical practice guidelines and Japanese guideline written by Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology Group. Results: Among 374 patients who underwent complete resection, 311 were evaluable. Five-year recurrence rates by ESMO and Japanese were 2.6% and 3.1% in low-risk, 9.2% and 6.6% in intermediate-risk and 13.5% and 13.8% in high-risk group (p=0.003 and 0.015, respectively). High-risk group had worse OS compared with low- and intermediate-risk groups (5-year OS, low: 97.9% and 97.6%, intermediate: 97.9% and 98.8%, and high: 89.5% and 87.5%; p=0.003 and 0.008, respectively). Independent predictive factors of recurrence were age over 60 years, type 2 (estrogen-independent) and peritoneal cytology. Conclusion: ESMO and Japanese risk classification similarly stratify the baseline risk of recurrence. Patients with stage I–II endometrial carcinoma, especially low- and intermediate-risk diseases, have low recurrence rate and favorable OS, and the benefit of postoperative therapy might be small.