http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Astrocyte lesions in cerebral cortex and cerebellum of dogs with congenital ortosystemic shunting
Alun Williams,Adam Gow,Scott Kilpatrick,Mickey Tivers,Vicky Lipscomb,Ken Smith,Michael Oliver Day,Nick Jeffery,Richard John Mellanby 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.3
Background: Congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS) is one of the most common congenital disorders diagnosed in dogs. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication in dogs with a cPSS and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite HE been a major cause of morbidity in dogs with a cPSS, little is known about the cellular changes that occur in the central nervous system of dogs with a cPSS. Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterise the histological changes in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of dogs with cPSS with particular emphasis on astrocyte morphology. Methods: Eight dogs with a confirmed cPSS were included in the study. Results: Six dogs had substantial numbers of Alzheimer type II astrocytes and all cases had increased immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein in the cerebral cortex, even if there were minimal other morphological changes. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that dogs with a cPSS have marked cellular changes in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The cellular changes that occur in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of dogs with spontaneously arising HE are similar to changes which occur in humans with HE, further validating dogs with a cPSS as a good model for human HE.
Bahram H. Arjmandi,Lauren T. Ormsbee,Marcus L. Elam,Sara C. Campbell,Nader Rahnama,Mark E. Payton,Ken Brummel-Smith,Bruce P. Daggy 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.6
The extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu have been shown in previous studies to alleviate joint discomfort, reduce stiffness, and improve mobility by reducing the production of proinflammatory molecules over long periods of supplementation. The acute effects of intake of these extracts have not yet been investigated. Thus, we carried out a 1 week clinical trial to examine the extent to which UP446—a natural proprietary blend of S. baicalensis and A. catechu (UP446)—decreases knee joint pain, mobility, and biomarkers of inflammation in comparison to naproxen. Seventy-nine men and women (40–90 years old) diagnosed as having mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA) consumed either 500 mg/day of the UP446 supplement or 440mg/day of naproxen for 1 week in a double-blind randomized control trial. Pain, knee range of motion (ROM), and overall physical activity were evaluated at the start and at the end of treatment. Fasting blood was collected to determine serum interleukins 1b and 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, C-reactive protein, and hyaluronic acid. The UP446 group experienced a significant decrease in perceived pain (P = .009) time dependently. Stiffness was significantly reduced by both treatments (P= .002 UP446, P = .008 naproxen). Significant increases in mean ROM over time (P = .04) were found in the UP446 group. These findings suggest that UP446 is effective in reducing the physical symptoms associated with knee OA.