A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Medical Cannabis for Psychiatric, Movement and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Keane Lim,Yuen Mei See,Jimmy Lee 대한정신약물학회 2017 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.15 No.4

The discovery of endocannabinoid’s role within the central nervous system and its potential therapeutic benefits have brought forth rising interest in the use of cannabis for medical purposes. The present review aimed to synthesize and evaluate the available evidences on the efficacy of cannabis and its derivatives for psychiatric, neurodegenerative and movement disorders. A systematic search of randomized controlled trials of cannabis and its derivatives were conducted via databases (PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). A total of 24 reports that evaluated the use of medical cannabis for Alzheimer’s disease, anorexia nervosa, anxiety, dementia, dystonia, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychosis and Tourette syndrome were included in this review. Trial quality was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. There is a lack of evidence on the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dystonia. Although trials with positive findings were identified for anorexia nervosa, anxiety, PTSD, psychotic symptoms, agitation in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, Huntington’s disease, and Tourette syndrome, and dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease, definitive conclusion on its efficacy could not be drawn. Evaluation of these low-quality trials, as rated on the Cochrane risk of bias tools, was challenged by methodological issues such as inadequate description of allocation concealment, blinding and underpowered sample size. More adequately powered controlled trials that examine the long and short term efficacy, safety and tolerability of cannabis for medical use, and the mechanisms underpinning the therapeutic potential are warranted.

Shaking Table Test on Dynamic Behaviours of Tropical Residual Soils in Malaysia

Koo Kean Yong,Lim Jun Xian,Yang Chong Li,Lee Min Lee,Yasuo Tanaka,Zhao JianJun 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.5

Studies on dynamic behaviours of tropical residual soils are still very limited in the current available literature. This paper mainly aims to investigate the dynamic properties (shear modulus and damping ratio) of two selected tropical residual soils (sandy silt and silty sand) in Malaysia under different overburden pressures. A series of shaking table tests were performed by applying 13 combinations of input shaking frequencies and lateral displacements. The measured acceleration data were subjected to baseline corrections and filtering processes. The results showed that the shaking table setup was capable of facilitating a considerably large strain level of deformation. The shear modulus increases proportionally with the confining pressure. Under the same confining pressure, shear modulus attenuates with the increase of strain amplitude. The shear modulus of sandy silt was consistently larger than that of silty sand. The damping ratios of the tested soils approximately range between 1% and 12%.

급성심근경색 및 당뇨병환자에서 혈청지질분획 및 Apolipoproteins

김신우,황종현,임현주,정의룡,류재근,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1994 慶北醫大誌 Vol.35 No.3

목적 : 동맥경화발생과 고지혈증과의 관계에 관한 연구로 최근에는 혈청지질의 분석외에 apolipoproteins에 관심이 증가되고 있지만 우리나라에서는 이 방면에 관한 연구가 별로 없는 상태이어서 본 연구를 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 급성심근경색환자 31례와 성인병당뇨병환자 37례에서 몇가지 혈청지질과 apolipoprptein A1 및 B를 측정하여 건강인 36례의 성적과 비교, 검토하였다. 결과 : 1) 총 cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol 및 apolipoprptein B는 대조군에 비해 급성심근경색환자 및 당뇨병환자에서 유의하게 높았다. 2) HDL-cholesterol/총 cholesterol비 와 LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol비는 급성심근경색환자군에서만 각각 유의하게 감소 및 증가하였다. 총 cholesterol/Apo-B비와 Apo-A1/Apo-B비는 급성심근경색 및 당뇨병환자군 모두에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 3) Apolipoprptein B는 총 cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol과 유의한 양의 상관이 있었으나 apolipoprptein A1은 그러하지 않았다. 4) 총 cholesterol이 200㎎/㎗미만인 급성심근경색환자에서는 대조군에 비해 여러지질치 가운데 apolipoprptein B만 유의하게 높았다. 결론 : 이상의 성적으로 보아 apolipoprptein B는 혈청지질중 특히 총 cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol과 유의한 상관이 있었으며 급성심근경색 및 당뇨병환자 모두에서 유의하게 높았다. In recent years, the studies of the relationship between coronary atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia were focused upon analysis of apolipoproteins including serum lipids. However there were a few reports regarding to this field in Korea. We measered the levels of serum lipids and apolipoprotein A1 and B in 31 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 37 diabetics and compared the results with those in 36 healthy controls. The results were as follows'. Compared with the healthy controls, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were significantly higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction and diabetics. Ratio of HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol was significantly lower in pateints with acute myocardial infaction. Ratio of LDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol was significantly higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Patients with acute myocardial infarction and diabetics had a lower ratio of total cholesterol/Apo-B and Apo-A1/Apo-B. Level of apolipoprotein B was significantly higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction whose total cholesterol value were under 200 ㎎/㎗ than in controls. Apolipoprotein B was correlated significantly with LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides but apolipoprotein A1 was not.

The earliest timing of ultrasound in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hips

Si Heng Sharon Tan,Keng Lin Wong,Andrew Kean Seng Lim,James HoiPo Hui 대한초음파의학회 2019 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: The current study aimed to evaluate the results of ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH) done at various weeks of life, to determine the earliest time that ultrasound screening can be performed reliably. Methods: In this 17-year cohort study, all neonates who underwent ultrasound screening prior to the 12th week of life with subsequent follow-up radiography done at 1 year of life were included. The ultrasound images were evaluated according to the Graf classification, Harcke’s dynamic ultrasound screening method, and Terjesen’s femoral head coverage method. The radiographic images were evaluated according to the acetabular index and the femoral head position. The accuracy and correlation between the ultrasound findings from various weeks of life with the radiographic findings at 1 year of life were evaluated. Results: A total of 348 neonates were included in the study, of whom 92 had abnormal ultrasound findings and 42 had abnormal radiographic findings at 1 year. Significant differences were identified between the findings of ultrasound screening examinations performed prior to the fourth week of life (day 21 and before) and the radiographic findings at 1 year of life (P<0.05). In contrast, no significant differences were identified when ultrasound screening was performed between the fourth and 12th weeks of life (day 22 and beyond) (P>0.05). The accuracy of ultrasound screening was 79.2% or higher when performed during or after the fourth week of life (day 22 and beyond). Conclusion: The earliest that ultrasound screening for DDH can be performed reliably is during the fourth week of life (day 22 and beyond).

Modeling of Electrical Transport in YBCO Single Layer Thin Films using Flux Motion Model

Fasih Ud Din,Abdul Halim Shaari,Ahmad Kamalianfer,Manizheh Navasery,Asfand Yar,Zainal Abidin Talib,Lim Kean Pah,Chen Soo Kien 한국자기학회 2014 Journal of Magnetics Vol.19 No.2

The electrical transport properties of YBCO single layers thin film have been investigated using different physical techniques. For the purpose, the physical properties are probed numerically with help of simulation modelling. The physical transport properties were also estimated with temperature and magnetic fields limits using thermally-activated flux flow model with some modifications. The result of present simulation modelling indicated that the magnitude of activation energy depends on temperature and magnetic field. The simulations revealed thickness dependent physical transport properties including electrical and magnetic properties of deposited YBCO single layers thin films. Furthermore, it shows the temperature dependence of the pinning energy. In the nutshell, the result can be used to improve the Superconducting Properties (Tc) of the YBCO single layers thin films.