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Fujisawa, Kazunori,Hayashi, Takuya,Endo, Morinobu,Terrones, Mauricio,Kim, Jin Hee,Kim, Yoong Ahm The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Nanoscale Vol.10 No.26
<P>We explored the effect of substitutional boron doping on the electrical conductivity of a metallicity-separated single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) assembly. Boron atoms were introduced into semiconducting (S)- and metallic (M)-SWCNT assemblies using high temperature thermal diffusion and the concentration of the doped boron atoms was controlled by the thermal treatment temperature. Depending on the conduction mechanism of the SWCNT assembly, both positive and negative effects upon boron incorporation are observed. For the S-SWCNT sheet, the electrical resistivity decreased by about 1 order on introduction of a small amount of boron atoms, due to the localized state for hopping conduction. In contrast, we observed an increase in the electrical resistivity on boron doping for M-SWCNTs. The pristine and boron doped metallic SWCNTs exhibited a tendency of decreasing electrical resistivity in the presence of an external magnetic field perpendicular to the film, which indicated two-dimensional weak localization behavior. A detailed analysis of the resistivity and the magnetoresistance implied that an increase in the inelastic scattering event at the doped boron site reduced the phase coherence length, leading to an increase in the electrical resistivity.</P>
An Action-Selection Strategy Insensitive to Parameter-Settings in Reinforcement Learning
Kenji Ono,Kazunori Iwata,Akira Hayashi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
Markov decision processes are one of the most popular frameworks for reinforcement learning. The entropy of probability density functions of Markv decision processes is referred to as the stochastic complexity. The stochastic complexity is helpful for tuning the parameters of an action-selection strategy to alleviate the exploration-exploitation dilemma. In this paper, we improve an action-selection strategy to make it insensitive to parameter-settings by using the stochastic complexity. This gives better policies for alleviating the above dilemma in most parameter-settings.
고광곤,Ichiro Sakuma,Kazunori Shimada,Toshio Hayashi,Michael J. Quon 대한심장학회 2017 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.47 No.4
Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are among the most important risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) disease. They are also important contributors to metabolic diseases including diabetes that further increase CV risk. Updated guidelines emphasize targeted reduction of overall CV risks but do not explicitly incorporate potential adverse metabolic outcomes that also influence CV health. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension have synergistic deleterious effects on interrelated insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system is an important pathophysiological mechanism linking insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction to atherogenesis. Statins are the reference standard treatment to prevent CV disease in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Statins work best for secondary CV prevention. Unfortunately, most statin therapies dose-dependently cause insulin resistance, increase new onset diabetes risk and exacerbate existing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pravastatin is often too weak to achieve target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels despite having beneficial metabolic actions. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve both endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in addition to controlling blood pressure. In this regard, combined statin-based and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor therapies demonstrate additive/synergistic beneficial effects on endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and other metabolic parameters in addition to lowering both cholesterol levels and blood pressure. This combined therapy simultaneously reduces CV events when compared to either drug type used as monotherapy. This is mediated by both separate and interrelated mechanisms. Therefore, statin-based therapy combined with RAS inhibitors is important for developing optimal management strategies in patients with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, or obesity. This combined therapy can help prevent or treat CV disease while minimizing adverse metabolic consequences.
강천수,고영일,Fujisawa Kazunori,Yokokawa Taiki,김진희,한종훈,위재형,김융암,Muramatsu Hiroyuki,Hayashi Takuya 한국탄소학회 2020 Carbon Letters Vol.30 No.5
Free-standing hybridized electrode consisting of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) and activated carbon have been fabricated for fexible supercapacitor applications. The xanthan-gum, used in our methodology, showed high ability in dispersing the strongly bundled DWNTs, and was then efectively converted to activated carbon with large surface area via chemical activation. The homogeneously dispersed DWNTs within xanthan-gum derived activated carbon acted as both electrical path and mechanical support of electrode material. The hybridized flm from highly dispersed DWNTs and activated carbon was mechanically strong, has high electrical conductivity, and exhibited high specifc capacitance of 141.5 F/g at the current density of 100 mV/s. Our hybridized flm is highly promising as electrode material for fexible supercapacitors in wearable device.
David Christopher Kieser,Louis Boissiere,Anouar Bourghli,Kazunori Hayashi,Derek Cawley,Caglar Yilgor,Ahmet Alanay,Emre Acaroglu,Frank Kleinstueck,Javier Pizones,Ferran Pellise,Francisco Javier Sanchez 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3
Objective: To evaluate Obeid-coronal malalignment (O-CM) modifiers according to age, sagittal alignment, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), in the mobile spine. Methods: Retrospective review of a prospective multicenter adult spinal deformity (ASD) database with 1,243 (402 nonoperative, 841 operative) patients with no prior fusion surgery. Patients were included if they were aged over 18 years and were affected by spinal deformity defined by one of: Cobb angle ≥20°, pelvic tilt ≥25°, sagittal vertical axis ≥5 cm, thoracic kyphosis ≥60°. Patients were classified according to the O-CM classification and compared to coronally aligned patients. Multivariate analysis was performed on the relationship between PROMs and age, global tilt (GT) and coronal malalignment (CM). Results: Four hundred forty-three patients had CM of more than 2 cm compared to 800 who did not. The distribution of these modifiers was correlated to age. After multivariate analysis, using age and GT as confounding factors, we found that before the age of 50 years, 2A1 patients had worse sex life and greater satisfaction than patients without CM. After 50 years of age, patients with CM (1A1, 1A2) had worse self-image and those with 2A2, 2B had worse self-image, satisfaction, and 36-item Short Form Health Survey physical function. Self-image was the consistent determinant of patients opting for surgery for all ages. Conclusion: CM distribution according to O-CM modifiers is age dependent. A clear correlation between the coronal malalignment and PROMs exists when using the O-CM classification and in the mobile spine, this typically affects self-image and satisfaction. Thus, CM classified according to O-CM modifiers is correlated to PROMs and should be considered in ASD.
Kim, Yoong Ahm,Aoki, Shunta,Fujisawa, Kazunori,Ko, Yong-Il,Yang, Kap-Seung,Yang, Cheol-Min,Jung, Yong Chae,Hayashi, Takuya,Endo, Morinobu,Terrones, Mauricio,Dresselhaus, Mildred S. American Chemical Society 2014 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.118 No.8
<P>Carbon nanotubes have shown great potential as conductive fillers in various composites, macro-assembled fibers, and transparent conductive films due to their superior electrical conductivity. Here, we present an effective defect engineering strategy for improving the intrinsic electrical conductivity of nanotube assemblies by thermally incorporating a large number of boron atoms into substitutional positions within the hexagonal framework of the tubes. It was confirmed that the defects introduced after vacuum ultraviolet and nitrogen plasma treatments facilitate the incorporation of a large number of boron atoms (ca. 0.496 atomic %) occupying the trigonal sites on the tube sidewalls during the boron doping process, thus eventually increasing the electrical conductivity of the carbon nanotube film. Our approach provides a potential solution for the industrial use of macro-structured nanotube assemblies, where properties, such as high electrical conductance, high transparency, and lightweight, are extremely important.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2014/jpccck.2014.118.issue-8/jp410732r/production/images/medium/jp-2013-10732r_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp410732r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
A Sensor Network using Content-Aware Messaging Network Architecture
Junya Terazono,Hideyuki Fukuhara,Takuto Yamada,Toshiaki Nihei,Kazunori Suzuki,Isamu Koseda,Ryutaro Fujita,Toshiaki Miyazaki,Senroh Saito,Atsushi Kara,Takafumi Hayashi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
The present paper describes an approach to the construction of a sensor network using a messaging network. A messaging network is an over lay network with a set of content-aware message handling ca-pabilities. The use of a messaging network can reduce the complexity and maintenance burden of integrated sensor information systems. Message mediation(afunction of the messaging network) enables interoperation of various applications and integration of diverse sensor data. Subscription(an other concept in the messaging network) enables proper information delivery of the sensor data to each user. The proposed approach is helpful in implementing an SOA-based sensor network and enables flexible sensor network configuration and utilization.
Kim, Jin Hee,Kataoka, Masakazu,Jung, Yong Chae,Ko, Yong-Il,Fujisawa, Kazunori,Hayashi, Takuya,Kim, Yoong Ahm,Endo, Morinobu American Chemical Society 2013 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.5 No.10
<P>Electrospun biopolymer-derived nanofiber webs are promising scaffolds for growing tissue and cells. However, the webs are mechanically weak and electrically insulating. We have synthesized a polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofiber web that is pliable, tough, and electrically conductive, by incorporating optically active, DNA-wrapped, double-walled carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes were individually trapped along the length of the PEO nanofiber and acted as mechanically reinforcing filler and an electrical conductor.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2013/aamick.2013.5.issue-10/am400715u/production/images/medium/am-2013-00715u_0006.gif'></P>
Yukiharu Uraoka,Atsushi Tomyo,Eiji Takahashi,Hiroshi Yano,Kazunori Ichikawa,Kiyoshi Ogata,Prakaipetch Punchaipetch,Takashi Fuyuki,Tomoaki Hatayama,Tsukasa Hayashi 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.2I
We have used side-wall-type plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD)to fabricate a floating gate memory using a Si nano-crystal dot on thermal SiO2 at a low temperature of 430 C. Atomic and radical hydrogen plays an important role in the low-temperature formation of the dot. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses revealed that the average dot size and density were approximately 5 nm and 8.5 × 1011 cm.2, respectively. The electronic properties were investigated with metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) by embedding the nanocrystal dots into SiO2 fabricated using CVD. Electron charging and discharging were clearly confirmed at room temperature by the transient behavior of the capacitance and the transfer curve. The number of electrons confined in a single dot was approximately one. Furthermore, we evaluated the electronic behavior by varying the bias condition or the operating temperature. The critical charge density could be confirmed to be independent of the injection condition.