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Improvement of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film morphology using Cu-Zn-Sn-O precursor fabricated by sputtering
Ryo Ishino,Kazuhiro Fukushima,Takashi Minemoto 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.9
The new precursor of CueZneSneO (CZTO) was proposed for Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film fabrication to improve film morphology. The CZTS thin film grown from CueZneSn (CZT) precursors has many bumps. We deposited CZTO precursors on Mo/soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates by RF sputtering using a CZT (Cu:Zn:Sn ¼ 2:1:1) target in Ar and O2 atmosphere at various O2 partial pressures (0%, 5%, 17% and 20%). Subsequently, the CZTO precursors were sulfurized in Ar and S atmosphere to fabricate CZTS thin films. The CZTO precursors were amorphous. The morphology of the CZTS thin films was improved by the CZTO precursors. All of the CZTS films fabricated in this study had the same crystal structure. Composition analysis revealed that 50% of O were detected in the CZTO precursor, but O was not detected after sulfurizing process, indicating that O was substituted by S. The CZTS thin film from the CZTO precursor fabricated at O2 partial pressure of 20% had similar composition for solar cell absorber.
Conversion of stability observed in Van der Pol oscillator by unstable time-delayed controller
Hiroyuki Shirahama,Chol-Ung Choe,Kazuhiro Fukushima 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
We have demonstrated that an unstable time-delayed controller can provide a tool to control the stability of Hopf bifurcation. The unstable time-delayed controller has used to stabilize an unstable periodic orbit operating in subcritical mode. By developing a new coupling method the unstable timedelayed system was improved to be applied for conversion of stability in Hopf bifurcation system. In this study, as an example, conversion of stability of Van der Pol oscillator has been confirmed both experimentally and numerically. The control method would control various oscillations of systems arising from Hopf bifurcation.
Conditional PTEN-deficient Mice as a Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention Model
Koike, Hiroyuki,Nozawa, Masahiro,De Velasco, Marco A,Kura, Yurie,Ando, Naomi,Fukushima, Emiko,Yamamoto, Yutaka,Hatanaka, Yuji,Yoshikawa, Kazuhiro,Nishio, Kazuto,Uemura, Hirotsugu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5
Background: We generated a mouse model of prostate cancer based on the adult-prostate-specific inactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) using the Cre-loxP system. The potential of our mice as a useful animal model was examined by evaluating the chemopreventive efficacy of the anti-androgen, chlormadinone acetate (CMA). Materials and Methods: Six-week-old mice were treated subcutaneously with $50{\mu}g/g$ of CMA three times a week for 9 or 14 weeks and sacrificed at weeks 15 and 20. Macroscopic change of the entire genitourinary tract (GUT) and histologically evident prostate gland tumor development were evaluated. Proliferation and apoptosis status in the prostate were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: CMA triggered significant shrinkage of not only the GUT but also prostate glands at 15 weeks compared to the control (p=0.017 and p=0.010, respectively), and the trend became more marked after a further five-weeks of treatment. The onset of prostate adenocarcinoma was not prevented but the proliferation of cancer cells was inhibited by CMA, which suggested the androgen axis is critical for cancer growth in these mice. Conclusions: Conditional PTEN-deficient mice are useful as a preclinical model for chemoprevention studies and serve as a valuable tool for the future screening of potential chemopreventive agents.