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Music Enhances Drunkenness: A Phenomenon Related to Increased Dopaminergic Function
Kayo Akiyama,Den'etsu Sutoo 대한정신약물학회 2010 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.8 No.3
Objective: Since ancient times, music has been enjoyed in combination with alcohol or to aid the sick. Why do people desire music for pleasure and cure? The effect of music was investigated by examining how music influences the effects of ethanol on brain function. Methods: Male ddY mice were placed in a closed cage equipped with a speaker, and music (Mozart, Adagio from Divertimento,K. 205; average sound level=65 dB) was played repeatedly for 0.5 to 6 h. Immediately after music exposure, ethanol-induced sleep time was analyzed. Results: Ethanol-induced sleep time was prolonged by exposure to music, and the effect was abolished upon inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent dopamine synthesis in the brain. Conclusion: The present study indicates that music leads to an increase in synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain, and the subsequent increase in dopamine enhances the effects of alcohol. Music might regulate and/or affect various brain functions through dopaminergic neurotransmission. Thus, music might attenuate symptoms of various diseases that involve dopamine dysfunction, such as Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, epilepsy, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Osawa, Kayo,Nakarai, Chiaki,Akiyama, Minami,Hashimoto, Ryuta,Tsutou, Akimitsu,Takahashi, Juro,Takaoka, Yuko,Kawamura, Shiro,Shimada, Etsuji,Tanaka, Kenichi,Kozuka, Masaya,Yamamoto, Masahiro,Kido, Yosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5
Genetic polymorphisms of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases 1A6 (UGT1A6) and 1A7 (UGT1A7) may lead to genetic instability and colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Our objective was to measure the interaction between polymorphisms of these repair genes and tobacco smoking in colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 68 individuals with CRC and 112 non-cancer controls were divided into non-smoker and smoker groups according to pack-years of smoking. Genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 were examined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We found a weak association of UGT1A6 polymorphisms with CRC risk (crude odds ratio [OR], 1.65;95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.9-3.1, P=0.107; adjusted OR 1.95%, 95% CI 1.0-3.8, P=0.051). The ORs for the UGT1A7 polymorphisms were statistically significant (crude OR: 26.40, 95% CI: 3.5-198.4, P=0.001; adjusted OR: 21.52, 95% CI: 2.8-164.1, P=0.003). The joint effect of tobacco exposure and UGTIA6 polymorphisms was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk in non-smokers (crude OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.9-5.0, P=0.092; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.0-6.7, P=0.042). In conclusion, our findings suggest that UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 gene polymorphisms are associated with CRC risk in the Japanese population. In particualr, UGT1A6 polymorphisms may strongly increase CRC risk through the formation of carcinogens not associated with smoking.
Satoh, Kayo,Yoshikawa, Nobuhiro,Nakano, Yoshiaki,Yang, Won-Jik Techno-Press 2001 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.12 No.5
A new sort of learning algorithm named whole learning algorithm is proposed to simulate the nonlinear and dynamic behavior of RC members for the estimation of structural integrity. A mathematical technique to solve the multi-objective optimization problem is applied for the learning of the feedforward neural network, which is formulated so as to minimize the Euclidean norm of the error vector defined as the difference between the outputs and the target values for all the learning data sets. The change of the outputs is approximated in the first-order with respect to the amount of weight modification of the network. The governing equation for weight modification to make the error vector null is constituted with the consideration of the approximated outputs for all the learning data sets. The solution is neatly determined by means of the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse after summarization of the governing equation into the linear simultaneous equations with a rectangular matrix of coefficients. The learning efficiency of the proposed algorithm from the viewpoint of computational cost is verified in three types of problems to learn the truth table for exclusive or, the stress-strain relationship described by the Ramberg-Osgood model and the nonlinear and dynamic behavior of RC members observed under an earthquake.
Koike, Kayo,Lee, Seogwoo,Cho, Sung Ryong,Park, Jinsub,Lee, Hyojong,Ha, Jun-Seok,Hong, Soon-Ku,Lee, Hyun-Yong,Cho, Meoung-Whan,Yao, Takafumi IEEE 2012 Photonics Technology Letters Vol.24 No.6
<P>Four types of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with V-pits formed in different regions were grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. The position of the V-pits embedded in the layers of the LED structures was controlled by varying the growth temperature. We achieved the highest output power and lowest leakage current values with the LED structures comprising V-pits embedded in active regions and the p-GaN textured surface. The V-pit formation enhances the light output power and reverse voltage values by 1.3 times the values of the conventional LED owing to the enhancement of the light scattering probability and the effective filtering of threading dislocations.</P>
Sashida, Yasunori,Kayo, Munefumi,Hachiman, Hironobu,Hori, Kazuki,Kanda, Yukihiro,Nagoya, Akihiro Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.4
In this report, we present a case of successful treatment of a bowel fistula in the open abdomen by perforator flaps and an aponeurosis plug. A 70-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy and developed anastomotic leakage and dehiscence of the abdominal wound a week later. He was dependent upon extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, continuous hemodiafiltration, and a respirator. Bowel fluids contaminated the open abdomen. Two months after the gastric operation, a plastic surgery team, in consultation with general surgeons, performed perforator flaps on both sides and constructed, as it were, a bridge of skin sealing the orifice of the fistula. The aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle was elevated with the flap to be used as a plug. The perforators of the flaps were identified on preoperative and intraoperative ultrasonography. This modality allowed us to locate the perforators precisely and to evaluate the perforators by assessing their diameters and performing a waveform analysis. The contamination decreased dramatically afterwards. The bare areas were gradually covered by skin grafts. The fistula was closed completely 18 days after the perforator flap. An ultrasound-guided perforator flap with an aponeurosis plug can be an option for patients suffering from an open abdomen with a bowel fistula.