Effects of annealing temperature of aqueous solution-processed ZnO electron-selective layers on inverted polymer solar cells

Ka, Y.,Lee, E.,Park, S.Y.,Seo, J.,Kwon, D.G.,Lee, H.H.,Park, Y.,Kim, Y.S.,Kim, C. Elsevier Science 2013 Organic electronics Vol.14 No.1

We investigate the effects of ZnO annealing temperature (T<SUB>A</SUB>) on the performance of inverted polymer solar cells with ZnO electron-selective layers deposited by spin coating aqueous solutions of an ammine-hydroxo zinc complex. The inverted solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C<SUB>61</SUB>-butyric acid methyl ester with T<SUB>A</SUB> as low as 80<SUP>o</SUP>C exhibit power-conversion efficiencies of 3.6%, which is equal to those of devices with higher T<SUB>A</SUB>. Characterizations of the ZnO films using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, and optical transmittance measurements show that the abrupt improvement of device performance from T<SUB>A</SUB>=60 to 80<SUP>o</SUP>C is due to the improvement of energy-level alignment arising from the increases in the relative amount and the crystallinity of ZnO.

온라인 열람목록의 개념적 고찰

한계문 新羅大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The essential elements of a library catalog are bibliographic data and a structure to organize it. If the catalog is offered to the public, ease of use becomes another factor. An online catalog, at the minimum, fulfills the traditional objectives outlined by cutter, and this trend seems to continue in the future. The ultimate online system will be a linkage of separate systems, including data bases, processing files, abstracting and indexing files, housekeeping files and online reference services. Libravies are the larger universe of all bibliographic control tools and have to achieve the social purpose with which libraries should concern themselves. Librarians should seize control and direction, and understand and accept the immense responsibility on the shoulders of the developers of online catalogs.

대학상담소에서의 접수면접

김계현 漢陽大學校 學生生活硏究所 1990 大學生活硏究 Vol.8 No.-

중소기업의 신용조사서 분석을 통한 부실기업 예측모형 연구

이계원,고영인,김관선 조선대학교 경영경제연구소 2001 經營經濟硏究 = Management and economics research Vol.24 No.1

釜山市內 公共圖書館 現況 古書室 運營實態分析

韓桂文 新羅大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

This thesis presents the effecfive management and methods of preservation of old materials through the analysis of the public libraries' present conditons and their realities of the old materials in Pusan. In pusan, there are 9 Public libraries in 11 administrative districts. But these public libraries are distributd in 5 districts only. Therefore almost 50% of Pusan residents have not been available public libraries services. The size of public libraries, Geographic conditions of library locations, the samll collections, unmatching of user numbers to the numbers of library staffs, lack of Qualified librarians, ets., there are too many defects to be improved for the better public library services. Only one public library has the old materials room. I is the Citizen's library. Therefore the library services have not been suficient to the users, as far as old materials concerned.

도서관에서의 의사결정과 정보활동

한계문 新羅大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.39 No.1

The management activities of libraries is achieved through the decision making processes. The decision making is the activity not only belonged to the chief manager but also to the all people involved in each stage of the system. This research deals with the styles of the decision making processes on the points of the importance, the tasks and skills of the library managers and librarians, and thus the skill of decision making shall be improved through studying the necessity of the information activities. The importance of information activities, that is, acquiring, processing, storaging and desseminating of the information required to the decision making is embossed. At the each stage of the three levels of management activities, that is, the strategic planning, management control, operational control, the required information and the relativeness to the decision making are investigated. At last, the frame work of library decision support system using computer is dealt. The circumstance of decision making is difficult to or unable to forecast because the future circumstance is always uncertain. Therefore the information activities for collecting, analizing and offering at the right time good information -accuracy, timeliness, completeness, conciseness, relevancy- are required. Good information decreases the uncertainty. Libraries are at the right time to import decision support system by the mutual operation between decision makers and computers, and for reasonable decision making, the decision makers and all library staffs have to possess honest interest and expert knowledge of the library management.

中小製造業의 情報시스템 構築 方案 硏究

韓啓燮 동아대학교 경영대학 1994 經營硏究 Vol.- No.8

The information and communication technology makes all the people and their organizations change into information society. Especially all the firms need urgently its information systems to survive themselves in the competitive business society. The necessity of constructing well-applicable Information Systems is growing day by day to success in the fields. This paper provides an effective method to construct information systems which can be used very economical but powerful in small and medium manufacturing companies. Even though some advanced and big business are already operating their own appropriate information systems so as to get their remarkable productivity nowdays. The rest of those small firms are still trying to find out some acceptable systems fitting their own business in very poor situations. So this paper shows the situations of information systems in the small and medium manufacturing companies of the days. And then the directions for constructing information systems promoting those firms growing by the systems. This paper analized the real status of general management situations showed the solving procedures and methods to construct proper information systems on those firms. As a result, this study introduces somehow low cost, efficient, convinient flexible and very useful applying information systems with easier ways.

도서관의 경영전략을 위한 정보기술의 활용

한계문 新羅大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.43 No.-

This study is related to the strategic information system designed to the application for information technology to strategic management for libraries. By offering the fundamental materials for the judgement and forecast in management activities in libraries, reducing the uncertainty in decision making, and securing the higher rivalry through libraries, it suggests the fundamental guidance to the procedure, method, and the draft of the importation for information system capable to make the distinction for the own library from another libraries. The plan of strategic application for information technology is devided into the following three levels. ① The libralies trying to take the greatest virtue in the product of the accumulation of technology during some period of time, can adapt the strategic management in setting up the systematic plan. ② The libralies trying to take the greatest virtue in user service and the procedures of information management by the application for information technology, can set up the strategic technology development toward the higher additional value taking a serious view in the know-how in various technologies. ③ The libraries trying to improve the efficiency for the application for information technology, are important the policy making for development of technology. However, in most libralies, among the levels of application for information technology, either the strategic development which is capable for the diffusion of the existing information technology or importation technology, or the strategic management for either adaptation or reformation is considered more efficient rather than developing new technologies. Each library is reasonable to put in good order by planning the strategic development for information technology and/or the management system suitable to his own library.

장애유아를 위한 개별화 교육계획안의 장기목적, 단기목표의 분석

허계형 국립특수교육원 2003 특수교육연구 Vol.10 No.2

장애유아 교육의 초석이라고 볼 수 있는 개별화 교육을 위한 가장 결정적 요소는 장기목적 및 단기 목표의 질이다. 본 연구에서는 장애유아를 위한 중재자들이 작성한 185개의 목적 및 목표를 분석하여 개별화교육 계획안(IEP)작성을 위한 최근의 실체에 의거하여(기능성, 일반화 가능성 일반 환경과의 통합가능성, 관찰 및 측정 가능성, 목적과 목표간의 적절한 위계관계), 그 적절성을 평가하였고, 또한 변인(작성자의 최종학력, IEP 작성연수. IEP 작성인원)에 따라 목적. 목표의 질적 차이가 있는지를 연구하였다. 연구결과의 제시와 함께 우리나라 장애유아를 위한 개별화 교육 계획에 주는 관련 현안과 시사점을 논하였다. The purpose of the study is to analyze the quality of 185 Individualized Education Program (IEP) goals and objectives completed for young children with disabilities. These are analyzed based on the criteria of recent recommended practice of completing IEP goals and objectives - functionality, generality, instructional context, measurability, hierarchical relationship. Additional studies conducted to see if there are significant differences on the quality of IEP goals and objectives depending on the study variables (i.e., interventionist's degree, years of completing IEP, numbers of completing IEP). There were discussions followed regarding to the issues and suggestions for effective individualized Education Planning for intervening young children with disabilities.

대학병원의 경영성과 변화에 관한 연구

이계원 朝鮮大學校 經營經濟硏究所 2005 經營經濟硏究 = Management and economics research Vol.28 No.1