Double Sided Optimal Bidding Strategy for Electricity Market Using Two Stage Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm

Karri Chandram,Kiran L. Uday,Raju S. Siva Naga 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.3

In this article, bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm is developed for double sided optimal bidding strategy in an electricity market. Optimal bidding strategy is one of the important functions in the electricity market along with forecasting of the electricity price and the profi t based unit commitment. The prime objective of generating company (Genco) and distribution company (Disco) is to maximize their profi t when they participate in the bidding process. Two stages are involved in the proposed approach. In the fi rst stage, the BFO algorithm has been used to maximize the probability density function (pdf). In the second stage the BFO algorithm is again applied to maximize the profi t of the GENCO and DISCO. The Proposed algorithm is developed in MATLAB (Version, 2019) and tested on standard test case available in the literature. Also, the simulation results are presented and compared. It is noticed that the proposed method yields the best results in terms of profi t.

Sustainability-A Paradigm for Community Development

Winn, Karri 한국국제지역사회개발학회 2001 地域社會開發學術誌 Vol.11 No.1

The same socio-economic development forces that are damaging natural systems are also endangering human cultural well-being and thus are causing a shift in development praxis. The challenge to community professionals is to begin thinking of Sustainability as a vision or guiding process rather than a project of development. This requires new conceptual tools that stem from the science of Sustainability for planning and creating civic participation within this vision.

Differences in genetic and environmental variation in adult BMI by sex, age, time period, and region: an individual-based pooled analysis of 40 twin cohorts

Silventoinen, Karri,Jelenkovic, Aline,Sund, Reijo,Yokoyama, Yoshie,Hur, Yoon-Mi,Cozen, Wendy,Hwang, Amie E,Mack, Thomas M,Honda, Chika,Inui, Fujio,Iwatani, Yoshinori,Watanabe, Mikio,Tomizawa, Rie,Piet American Society for Clinical Nutrition 2017 The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol.106 No.2

<P><B>Background:</B> Genes and the environment contribute to variation in adult body mass index [BMI (in kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>)], but factors modifying these variance components are poorly understood.</P><P><B>Objective:</B> We analyzed genetic and environmental variation in BMI between men and women from young adulthood to old age from the 1940s to the 2000s and between cultural-geographic regions representing high (North America and Australia), moderate (Europe), and low (East Asia) prevalence of obesity.</P><P><B>Design:</B> We used genetic structural equation modeling to analyze BMI in twins ≥20 y of age from 40 cohorts representing 20 countries (140,379 complete twin pairs).</P><P><B>Results:</B> The heritability of BMI decreased from 0.77 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.78) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.75) in men and women 20–29 y of age to 0.57 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.60) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.65) in men 70–79 y of age and women 80 y of age, respectively. The relative influence of unique environmental factors correspondingly increased. Differences in the sets of genes affecting BMI in men and women increased from 20–29 to 60–69 y of age. Mean BMI and variances in BMI increased from the 1940s to the 2000s and were greatest in North America and Australia, followed by Europe and East Asia. However, heritability estimates were largely similar over measurement years and between regions. There was no evidence of environmental factors shared by co-twins affecting BMI.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> The heritability of BMI decreased and differences in the sets of genes affecting BMI in men and women increased from young adulthood to old age. The heritability of BMI was largely similar between cultural-geographic regions and measurement years, despite large differences in mean BMI and variances in BMI. Our results show a strong influence of genetic factors on BMI, especially in early adulthood, regardless of the obesity level in the population.</P>

Genetic and environmental effects on body mass index from infancy to the onset of adulthood: an individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins

Silventoinen, Karri,Jelenkovic, Aline,Sund, Reijo,Hur, Yoon-Mi,Yokoyama, Yoshie,Honda, Chika,Hjelmborg, Jacob vB,Moller, Soren,Ooki, Syuichi,Aaltonen, Sari,Ji, Fuling,Ning, Feng,Pang, Zengchang,Rebato American Society for Clinical Nutrition 2016 The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol.104 No.2

<P>Background: Both genetic and environmental factors are known to affect body mass index (BMI), but detailed understanding of how their effects differ during childhood and adolescence is lacking. Objectives: We analyzed the genetic and environmental contributions to BMI variation from infancy to early adulthood and the ways they differ by sex and geographic regions representing high (North America and Australia), moderate (Europe), and low levels (East Asia) of obesogenic environments. Design: Data were available for 87,782 complete twin pairs from 0.5 to 19.5 y of age from 45 cohorts. Analyses were based on 383,092 BMI measurements. Variation in BMI was decomposed into genetic and environmental components through genetic structural equation modeling. Results: The variance of BMI increased from 5 y of age along with increasing mean BMI. The proportion of BMI variation explained by additive genetic factors was lowest at 4 y of age in boys (a(2) = 0.42) and girls (a(2) = 0.41) and then generally increased to 0.75 in both sexes at 19 y of age. This was because of a stronger influence of environmental factors shared by co-twins in midchildhood. After 15 y of age, the effect of shared environment was not observed. The sex-specific expression of genetic factors was seen in infancy but was most prominent at 13 y of age and older. The variance of BMI was highest in North America and Australia and lowest in East Asia, but the relative proportion of genetic variation to total variation remained roughly similar across different regions. Conclusions: Environmental factors shared by co-twins affect BMI in childhood, but little evidence for their contribution was found in late adolescence. Our results suggest that genetic factors play a major role in the variation of BMI in adolescence among populations of different ethnicities exposed to different environmental factors related to obesity.</P>

Terbinafine hydrochloride loaded nanoemulsion based gel for topical application

V. V. S. Narayana Reddy Karri,Suresh Kumar Raman,Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy,Shashank Mulukutla,Shanmugam Ramaswamy,Rajkumar Malayandi 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.1

The objective of the present study was todesign and develop topical nanoemulsion based TerbinafineHCl (TBH) gel to increase its permeability and efficacyusing rat as an animal model. Nanoemulsions wereprepared by two different techniques viz. high pressurehomogenization and high speed homogenization, the preparednanoemulsions were incorporated into carbomer gelto obtain nanoemulsion based gel, which designated asGel-P and Gel-S respectively. The developed gels wereevaluated for drug content, stability, spreadability, andin vitro permeation using pork skin. The in vivo antifungalefficacy of the developed gels was assessed in albino Wistarrats. The globule size obtained by high pressurehomogenization was less than 2 nm in radius (r.nm) andthat by high speed homogenization was less than 10 r.nm. In vitro permeation studies revealed that Gel-P(51.19 ± 0.81 %) had higher permeation when comparedto Gel-S (31.72 ± 1.12 %) and marketed cream(19.78 ± 1.01 %) which is essential to treat topical fungaldiseases. In vivo antifungal studies in Wistar rats infectedwith Trichophyton mentagrophytes revealed that topicalapplication of Gel-P and Gel-S cured the infection within3 days compared to 14 days for Marketed Cream (M.C). This study confirms that the nanoemulsion gels providedgreater permeation followed by cure rates of poorly solubleTBH in animal model and hence these systems could be thepreferred drug carriers for drugs intended for topical use toovercome the permeability and efficacy problems.

Multi Area Economic Dispatch using Secant Method

Sudhakar AVV,Chandram Karri,Jayalaxmi A 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.4

In this paper, Secant method is proposed to solve multi area economic dispatch (MAED) problem. Generator limits of all generators in each area are calculated at given area power demands plus export (or import) using secant method and the generator limits of all generators are modified as modified generator limits. Central economic dispatch (CED) problem is used to determine the output powers of all generators. Here, Secant method is applied to solve the CED problem. The proposed approach has been tested on two-area (two generators in each area) system and four-area (four generators in each area) system. It is observed from various cases that the proposed approach provides optimally best solution in terms of cost with tie line loss with less computational burden.

Antimicrobial therapies for chronic pain (part 1): analgesic mechanisms

Eric J. Wang,Jay Karri,Nuj Tontisirin,Steven P. Cohen 대한통증학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.36 No.3

There is increasing evidence that the relationship between chronic pain and infections is complex and intertwined. Bacterial and viral infections can cause pain through numerous mechanisms such as direct tissue damage and inflammation, the induction of excessive immunologic activity, and the development of peripheral or central sensitization. Treating infections might relieve pain by attenuating these processes, but a growing body of literature suggests that some antimicrobial therapies confer analgesic effects, including for nociceptive and neuropathic pain symptoms, and affective components of pain. The analgesic mechanisms of antimicrobials are indirect, but might be conceptualized into two broad categories: 1) the reduction of the infectious burden and associated pro-inflammatory processes; and 2) the inhibition of signaling processes (e.g., enzymatic and cytokine activity) necessary for nociception and maladaptive neuroplastic changes via off-target effects (unintended binding sites). For the former, there is evidence that symptoms of chronic low back pain (when associated with Modic type 1 changes), irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pelvic pain, and functional dyspepsia might be improved after antibiotic treatment, though significant questions remain regarding specific regimens and dose, and which subpopulations are most likely to benefit. For the latter, there is evidence that several antimicrobial classes and medications exert analgesic effects independent of their reduction of infectious burden, and these include cephalosporins, ribavirin, chloroquine derivatives, rapalogues, minocycline, dapsone, and piscidin-1. This article aims to comprehensively review the existing literature for antimicrobial agents that have demonstrated analgesic efficacy in preclinical or clinical studies.

A comprehensive review of applications of magnetic graphene oxide based nanocomposites for sustainable water purification

Lingamdinne, Lakshmi Prasanna,Koduru, Janardhan Reddy,Karri, Rama Rao Elsevier 2019 Journal of Environmental Management Vol.231 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>With the rapid growth of industrialization, water bodies are polluted with heavy metals and toxic pollutants. In pursuit of removal of toxic pollutants from the aqueous environment, researchers have been developed many techniques. Among these techniques, magnetic separation has caught research attention, as this approach has shown excellent performance in the removal of toxic pollutants from aqueous solutions. However, magnetic graphene oxide based nanocomposites (MGO) possess unique physicochemical properties including excellent magnetic characteristics, high specific surface area, surface active sites, high chemical stability, tunable shape and size, and the ease with which they can be modified or functionalized. As results of their multi-functional properties, affordability, and magnetic separation capability, MGO's have been widely used in the removal of heavy metals, radionuclides and organic dyes from the aqueous environment, and are currently attracting much attention. This paper provides insights into preparation strategies and approaches of MGO's utilization for the removal of pollutants for sustainable water purification. It also reviews the preparation of magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites and primary characterization instruments required for the evaluation of structural, chemical and physical functionalities of synthesized magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites. Finally, we summarized some research challenges to accelerate the synthesized MGO's as adsorbents for the treatment of water pollutants such as toxic and radioactive metal ions and organic and agricultural pollutants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Recent status of the synthetic magnetic adsorbents applications for water-purification. </LI> <LI> Preparation strategies of magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) nanocomposites. </LI> <LI> MGO's nanocomposites characterization strategies are well reviewed. </LI> <LI> Extensively reviews the status and approaches of MGO's for the removal of pollutants. </LI> <LI> Highlighted the future prospective and advantages of the MGO's at conclusions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

RA 123 s: Three metaphor-less Algorithms for Economic Load Dispatch Solution

Manam Ravindra,Sangu Ravindra,Pamidi Lakshminarayana,Karri Manoz Kumar Reddy 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.2

This paper presents Rao-1, Rao-2 and Rao-3 algorithms (RA-123) approach to elucidate Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem which has Ramp Rate (RRL), Valve Point Eff ect (VPE), Prohibited Zones of Operation (POZ), and losses of lines. Besides most of the algorithms which depend on algorithmic-specifi c parameters, the proposed algorithm is independent of algorithmic-specifi c parameters. The principle contribution of this paper is to minimize the total generation cost by satisfying several constraints such as generation limits, load demand, valve point loading eff ect, and transmission losses considering metaphor-less algorithms (RA-123). The objective with VPE is considered to improve the performance of ELD. This paper determines the performance of proposed RA-123 algorithms considering diff erent constraints on each test case system and compares them. To explore, ability of proposed optimization algorithms, these are implemented on test networks having 6, 40 and 110 unit systems and outcomes are compared with results attained by prior optimization algorithms. The evaluation of results shows ability and effi cacy of (RA-123) for solving ELD problem.

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Design Guideline

Kyosun Kim,Kaijie Wu,Ramesh Karri 대한전자공학회 2005 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2005 No.1