二車線道路 오르막車線 交通流 分析

李康載,黃京洙,崔在星 서울市立大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

In this study the fundamental relationships between traffic flow and design elements of climbing lanes are accounted for and results were related to highway design criteria. The ccost-effectiveness of climbing lanes are made reflecting the changes of traffic flow parameters before and after the application of climbing lanes. Measures of Effectiveness employed in this study included relative delay, percent passing, and average speed. For field survey, vehicle classification was done based on passenger cars and heavy trucks including bus and trucks above 4.5 ton weight limit. Total of three surveying people were employed. For the cases where climbing lane length were so long that different flow pattern might occur, the total length was subdivied into approximately 100 meters long homogeneous subsections. As far as field survey of roadway was concerned, there were basically two points to stress : firstly, upgrade speed was very sensitively varied according to grades at locations with more than 7 percent, and secondly, relative delay was drastically increased with the grades at locations of exceeding 7 percent. Accordingly 7 percent vertical grade seems be a good indicator of extra attention for transportation engineers.

TMS320C6711을 이용한 Digital X-ray 신호처리 시스템 개발

정민수,이재균,강문호,이채욱 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 情報通信硏究 Vol.3 No.1

기존의 의료용 X선 영상장치에 있어서 TV 방식은 형광증배관에 나타나는 잡음과 TV자체의 잡음으로 인하여 비교적 잡음이 많이 발생한다. 그리고 interlace 주사로 인한 화면 떨림 현상이 발생하여 카메라 해상도가 저하되어 모니터에 나타나는 전체적인 화면의 화질이 그다지 선명하지 않다. 본 논문에서는 NTSC 방식의 잡음 문제를 해결하기 위해, X-ray에 의해 투시된 X-ray 형광증배의 아날로그 화면은 A/D converter를 이용하여 디지털 신호를 만든다. 또한 interlace 방식의 화면이 깜박거리는 현상을 제거하기 위해 double scanning 하고 interlace 주사를 noninterlace로 주사하는 방식을 도입한다. 그리고 실시간 처리를 위하여 TMS320C6711을 이용한 Digital X-ray 신호처리 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. The TV injection method of general X-ray image system has a problem because of the fluorescent increased dividend tube and the TV itself. As the screen trembling by interlace injection decreases the camera resolution, the total quality of monitor is not so clear. In this paper, we make the analog signal of X-ray fluorescent increased dividend tube into digital signal by using A/D converter. Also, to remove the twinkles from interlace method, we adapt the double scanning and the noninterlace method. For realtime processing we develop the digital X-ray signal processing system which uses a TMS320C6711.

랫드에서 법제유황과 비법제유황의 독성비교

김근수, 정유리, 이남진, 홍성희, 유종훈, 정재황, 강종구 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2006 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.7 No.2

본문참고

Optical and Structural Properties of InxGa1?xN Films on Tensile-Strained GaN/Si(111) Structures Grown by Using MOCVD

Kang Jea Lee,Kee Young Lim,Gye Mo Yang,김태기,오태수 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.3

Due to the large differences in the lattice constants and the thermal expansion coefficients between GaN and Si, GaN growth on Si(111) substrates usually leads to initially high dislocation densities and cracks. We successfully deposited crack-free GaN films on Si(111) substrates by introducingAlN/GaN strain compensation structures and SixNy dislocation masking layers. Moreover, we investigated the strong tensile stress in GaN films by using a temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurement. The InxGa1.xN films were grown on tensile-strained GaN/Si(111) structures by using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) in a growth temperature range of 750C to 900C. Furthermore, the optical and the structural properties of the InxGa1.xN films were investigated by using photoluminescence measurement and high resolution X-ray diffraction. The InxGa1.xN bandgap energy depended on the In-composition, and the dependence could be fitted by using a larger bowing parameter of b = 4.5 eV in the Ga-rich region (x < 0.25). The results show that the higher band-gap bowing of InxGa1.xN epilayers on GaN/Si(111) structures may be a consequence of mechanisms such as a strain relaxation due to tensile strain and alloy disordering.

Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Diagnosing Interstitial Lung Disease: A Retrospective Single-Center Experience

Lee Jae Ha,Jang Ji Hoon,Kim Hyun Kuk,Jang Hang-Jea,Lee Sunggun,Kim Seong-Ho,Kim Ji Yeon,Choi Hee Eun,Han Ji-yeon,Kim Da Som,Kang Min Kyun,Kang Eunsu,Kim Il Hwan,Jin Han Park 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2022 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.85 No.4

Background: An accurate diagnosis in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) by multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) based on histopathologic information is essential for optimal treatment. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has increasingly been used as a diagnostic alternative to surgical lung biopsy. This study aimed to evaluate the appropriate methods of TBLC in patients with ILD in Korea.Methods: A total of 27 patients who underwent TBLC were included. TBLC procedure details and clinical MDD diagnosis using TBLC histopathologic information were retrospectively analyzed.Results: All procedures were performed under general anesthesia with the fluoroscopic guidance in the operation room using flexible bronchoscopy and endobronchial balloon blocker. The median procedure duration was less than 30 minutes, and the median number of biopsies per participant was 2. Most of the bleeding after TBLC was not severe, and the rate of pneumothorax was 25.9%. The most common histopathologic pattern was alternative (48.2%), followed by indeterminate (33.3%) and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)/probable UIP (18.5%). In the MDD after TBLC, the most common diagnosis was idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (33.3%), followed by smoking-related ILD (25.9%), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (18.6%), unclassifiable-ILD (14.8%), and others (7.4%).Conclusion: This first single-center experience showed that TBLC using a flexible bronchoscopy and endobronchial balloon blocker with the fluoroscopic guidance under general anesthesia may be a safe and adequate diagnostic method for ILD patients in Korea. The diagnostic yield of MDD was 85.2%. Further studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic yield and confidence of TBLC.

Enhanced optical output power by the silver localized surface plasmon coupling through side facets of micro-hole patterned InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes.

Lee, Kang Jea,Kim, Seung Hwan,Park, Ah Hyun,Lee, Seul Be,Lee, Gun Hee,Yang, Gye-Mo,Pham, Hai Dinh,Thu, Hoang Thi,Cuong, Tran Viet,Suh, Eun-Kyung Optical Society of America 2014 Optics express Vol.22 No.suppl4

<P>Light extraction efficiency of GaN-based light emitting diodes were significantly enhanced using silver nanostructures incorporated in periodic micro-hole patterned multi quantum wells (MQWs). Our results show an enhancement of 60% in the wall-plug efficiency at an injection current of 100 mA when Ag nano-particles were deposited on side facet of MQWs passivated with SiO2. This improvement can be attributed to an increase in the spontaneous emission rate through resonance coupling between localized surface plasmons in Ag nano-particles and the excitons in MQWs.</P>

Growth and Properties of Blue/Green InGaN/GaN MQWs on Si(111) Substrates

Kang Jea Lee,오태수,김태기,Gye Mo Yang,Kee Young Lim 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.3

InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) were grown on highly tensile-strained GaN flms on Si(111) substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Due to the large dierence of lattice constant and thermal expansion coecient between GaN and Si, GaN growth on Si(111) substrate usually leads to an initially high dislocation density and cracks. We demonstrate lowdislocation- density and crack-free GaN flms grown on Si(111) substrate by introducing an AlN/GaN strain-compensation layer and SixNy dislocation masking layer. Blue/green-emitting InGaN/GaN MQW heterostructures have been successfully grown on Si(111) substrates. Two sets of InGaN/GaN MQWs with different In solid composition and number of pairs grown between 820 C and 900 C were studied by high-resolution X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The emission wavelengths of InGaN MQW structures were signifcantly dependent on growth temperature.

Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced chronic hydrocephalus: A pilot study

Lee, Jeong-Hyun,Park, Dong-Hyuk,Back, Dong-Bin,Lee, Jea-Young,Lee, Chang-In,Park, Kyung-Jae,Kang, Shin-Hyuk,Cho, Tai-Hyoung,Chung, Yong-Gu International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2012 Medical science monitor Vol.18 No.12

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>We examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) to investigate the pathophysiology and mechanism of communicating hydrocephalus compared to obstructive hydrocephalus.</P><P><B>Material/Methods</B></P><P>We obtained CSF samples from 8 INPH, 10 SAH-induced hydrocephalus, and 6 unmatched patients with non-hemorrhagic obstructive hydrocephalus during their ventriculoperitoneal shunt operations. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and total tau in the CSF were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The mean VEGF levels in the CSF of patients with SAH-induced hydrocephalus, INPH, and obstructive hydrocephalus were 239±131, 239±75, and 163±122 pg/mL, respectively. The total tau concentrations in the CSF of the groups were 1139±1900, 325±325, and 1550±2886 pg/mL, respectively. TNF-α values were 114±34, 134±38, and 55±16 pg/mL, respectively. TGF-β1 values were 953±430, 869±447, and 136±63 pg/mL, respectively. A significant difference in TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels was observed only between SAH-induced and chronic obstructive hydrocephalus, and between INPH and chronic obstructive hydrocephalus (p<0.01).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>No significant differences in the 4 CSF biomarker levels were observed between INPH and SAH-induced hydrocephalus, whereas CSF TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels were increased compared to those in patients with chronic obstructive hydrocephalus. Post-SAH hydrocephalus and INPH are probably more destructive to neural tissues, and then stimulate the inflammatory reaction and healing process, compared with obstructive hydrocephalus.</P>

Suppressing breast cancer by exercise: consideration to animal models and exercise protocols

( Jea Jun Lee ),( Suji Beak ),( Sang Hyun Ahn ),( Byung Seok Moon ),( Jisu Kim ),( Kang Pa Lee ) 한국운동영양학회 2020 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.24 No.2

[Purpose] Exercise is thought to have a significant effect on chemotherapy, and previous studies have reported that exercise can increase patient survival. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize various animal models to analyze the effects of exercise on breast cancer. [Methods] We summarized types of breast cancer animal models from various reports and analyzed the effects of exercise on anti-cancer factors in breast cancer animal models. [Results] This review aimed to systematically investigate if exercise could aid in suppressing breast cancer. Our study includes (a) increase in survival rate through exercise; (b) the intensity of exercise should be consistent and increased; (c) a mechanism for inhibiting carcinogenesis through exercise; (d) effects of exercise on anti-cancer function. [Conclusion] This review suggested the necessity of a variety of animal models for preclinical studies prior to breast cancer clinical trials. It also provides evidence to support the view that exercise plays an important role in the prevention or treatment of breast cancer by influencing anticancer factors.

Growth of High Quality GaN Epilayers with SixNy Inserting Layer on Si(111) Substrates

Kang Jea LEE,Tae Su OH,Kee Young LIM,Eun Ho SHIN,Ja Youn KIM 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3

High-quality GaN lms have been grown on Si(111) substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition by using a SixNy inserting layer. Due to the high lattice mismatch and tensile thermal stress, GaN growth on Si(111) substrate usually leads to an initially high dislocation density and poor surface morphology. We have found that the SixNy inserting layer plays a very important role in the enhancement of crystal quality and surface morphology of GaN lms. The crystalline quality of a GaN overlying layer grown on a SixNy inserting layer depends on the deposition time of SixNy inserting layer. The HRXRD results show that the dislocation density in GaN epilayer decreases with increasing SixNy growth time. When SixNy was deposited for 5 min, we conrmed that the surface morphology was remarkably improved, with a root mean square (rms) value of 0.2 nm by atomic force microscopy (AFM).