Inhibition of the Spectraplakin Protein Microtubule Actin Crosslinking Factor 1 Sensitizes Glioblastomas to Radiation

Kala Bonner,Danielle Borlay,Orica Kutten,Quincy A. Quick 대한뇌종양학회 2020 Brain Tumor Research and Treatment Vol.8 No.1

Background: Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is a spectraplakin cytoskeletal crosslinking protein whose function and role in cancer biology has lacked investigation. Recent studies have identified MACF1 as a novel target in glioblastomas expressed in tissue from tumor patient explants but not normal brain tissue and when silenced has an antitumorigenic impact on these tumors. Radiation as a single agent therapy to treat glioblastomas has been used for decades and has done little to improve survival of individuals diagnosed with this disease. However, contemporary clinical radiotherapy protocols have provided evidence that combinatorial radiotherapy approaches confer a therapeutic benefit in glioblastoma patients. In this study MACF1 was investigated as a radiosensitization target in glioblastomas. Methods: To provide context of MACF1 in glioblastomas, The Cancer Genome Atlas expression analyses were performed in conjunction with genes associated with glioblastoma evolution, while a genetic inhibitory approach, cell migratory assays, and immunofluorescence procedures were used to evaluate responses to MACF1 suppression with radiation. Additionally, expression analyses were conducted to assess co-expression of mTOR signaling pathway regulators and MACF1 in glioblastoma patient samples Results: Our amalgamation approach demonstrated that negative regulation of MACF1, which was positively correlated with epidermal growth factor receptor and p70s6k expression, enhanced the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiation as a consequence of reducing glioblastoma cell viability and migration. Mechanistically, the antitumorigenic effects on glioblastoma cell behaviors after radiation and impairing MACF1 function were associated with decreased expression of ribosomal protein S6, a downstream effector of p70s6k. Conclusion: MACF1 represents a diagnostic marker with target specificity in glioblastomas that can enhance the efficacy of radiation while minimizing normal tissue toxicity. This approach could potentially expand combinatorial radiation strategies for glioblastoma treatments via impairment of translational regulatory processes that contribute to poor patient survival.

Gated Recurrent Unit Architecture for Context-Aware Recommendations with improved Similarity Measures

( Kala K. U. ),( M. Nandhini ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.2

Recommender Systems (RecSys) have a major role in e-commerce for recommending products, which they may like for every user and thus improve their business aspects. Although many types of RecSyss are there in the research field, the state of the art RecSys has focused on finding the user similarity based on sequence (e.g. purchase history, movie-watching history) analyzing and prediction techniques like Recurrent Neural Network in Deep learning. That is RecSys has considered as a sequence prediction problem. However, evaluation of similarities among the customers is challenging while considering temporal aspects, context and multi-component ratings of the item-records in the customer sequences. For addressing this issue, we are proposing a Deep Learning based model which learns customer similarity directly from the sequence to sequence similarity as well as item to item similarity by considering all features of the item, contexts, and rating components using Dynamic Temporal Warping(DTW) distance measure for dynamic temporal matching and 2D-GRU (Two Dimensional-Gated Recurrent Unit) architecture. This will overcome the limitation of non-linearity in the time dimension while measuring the similarity, and the find patterns more accurately and speedily from temporal and spatial contexts. Experiment on the real world movie data set LDOS-CoMoDa demonstrates the efficacy and promising utility of the proposed personalized RecSys architecture.

Nano bioactive HAP-nano bioresorbable β-TCP-PEG composite scaffolds and their biochemical activity for implant applications

K. Kala,M. Sundara Ganeasan,V. Balasubramani,J. Manovasuki,K. Valivittan,T.M. Sridhar,M.R. Kuppusamy 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.2

Recent efforts towards the treatment of bone defects and diseases focus on the development of bone scaffolds. Bioceramicsprovide strength, osteoconductivity and also imparts flexibility and resorbability. In this study, the biodegradable compositeswere fabricated using bioactive nano Hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) and bioresorbable nano β-Tricalcium phosphate (n-β-TCP)taken in 1:1 proportion. The nano composite scaffolds were synthesized using PEG (Poly Ethylene Glycol) by wet precipitationmethod. XRD (X-ray diffraction) confirms the presence of crystalline structure of n-HAP and n-β-TCP within the lattice. FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy) confirms the microporous nature and the phase purity of the composite. Further, biochemical studies were carried out using MG-63 Osteoblastcell line to evaluate their sustainability after implantation. The viability of the cells and proliferation rate is evaluated using3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) with different concentration and different incubationperiod. The ALP (Alkaline Phosphotase) test reveals that the composite favours bone regeneration through apatite layerformation. Further studies were carried out to explore the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) activity on the compositesand results reveals that the composite have an ability to trap the free radicals in the biological surroundings. The antimicrobialstudies indicate that the composites shows no major inhibitory effects towards the most common bone affecting bacteriaStaphylococcus aureus. The studies indicate that the concentration range of the composite is ideal for bone growth and can beused as substituents in the scaffold synthesis for normal and cancerous patients.

The World Tourism Organization for Countering Terrorist Threats

N. Kala,Y. Abaydeldinov,T. Furman,A. Ponomarev 이준국제법연구원 2017 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.10 No.2

The paper defines the terrorist acts as a combination of factors that have a negative impact on the economic, social and natural environment of society. The UNWTO is a hub for these joint activities to organize tourism security. The distinguishing and novel feature of the organization is that, whilst most organizations provide international security for people permanently residing in a certain territory, the UNWTO interacts exclusively with relocated persons. The work undertaken by the UNWTO specifies that the threat in the tourism industry has a character of mutual exclusion in the aspect of presenting political claims as the causes of terrorism and reducing economic and social indicators as consequences of the activities of terrorist groups.

Phenological Studies of Deciduous Trees in the Cool Temperate Region of Japan

Jun, Kala,Hayashi, Ichiroku The Ecological Society of Korea 2008 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.31 No.3

We obtained quantitative information on leaf unfolding and leaf shedding by observing 45 species of cool temperate deciduous trees in an arboretum over 5 growing seasons. These trees were in leaf (the foliage period) for 207 days on average after 1 April; 50% of leaves had been shed by 192 days after 1 April. Duration from the start of leaf unfolding to 50% leaf shedding was 157 days on average. Leaf unfolding began 35 days on average after 1 April. For leaf unfolding to begin, a$ 51^{\circ}C{\cdot}day$ of cumulated daily mean air temperature above $5^{\circ}C$ from 1 January (modified Kira's warmth index) was needed. Fifty-nine days elapsed between initiation and the final stage of leaf unfolding. The period of net photosynthetic assimilation was 157 days. The species with succeeding- type leaf unfolding associated with the anemochore seed type dominated the early stage of succession, while the species with flush-type leaf unfolding tended to dominate the late stage of succession. Few species were found in regions where late frosts occur after the day when the cumulative temperature for leaf unfolding is achieved. Biological characteristics include time of leaf unfolding, which affects the life history of each species, so that each species occupies its own niche in the stand. We conclude that that leaf phenology, such as timing of leaf unfolding and leaf shedding, is one of the components of each species' ecological characteristics.

Cutting Fluid Effluent Removal by Adsorption on Chitosan and SDS-Modified Chitosan

Kowit Piyamong Kala,Lursuang Mekasut,Sangobtip Pongstabodee 한국고분자학회 2008 Macromolecular Research Vol.16 No.6

Material structure generation of concrete and its further usage in numerical simulations

Husek, Martin,Kala, Jiri Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.3

The execution of an experiment is a complex affair. It includes the preparation of test specimens, the measurement process itself and also the evaluation of the experiment as such. Financial requirements can differ significantly. In contrast, the cost of numerical simulations can be negligible, but what is the credibility of a simulated experiment? Discussions frequently arise concerning the methodology used in simulations, and particularly over the geometric model used. Simplification, rounding or the complete omission of details are frequent reasons for differences that occur between simulation results and the results of executed experiments. However, the creation of a very complex geometry, perhaps all the way down to the resolution of the very structure of the material, can be complicated. The subject of the article is therefore a means of creating the material structure of concrete contained in a test specimen. Because a complex approach is taken right from the very start of the numerical simulation, maximum agreement with experimental results can be achieved. With regard to the automation of the process described, countless material structures can be generated and randomly produced samples simulated in this way. Subsequently, a certain degree of randomness can be observed in the results obtained, e.g., the shape of the failure - just as is the case with experiments. The first part of the article presents a description of a complex approach to the creation of a geometry representing real concrete test specimens. The second part presents a practical application in which the numerical simulation of the compressive testing of concrete is executed using the generated geometry.

Tariffs and the Most-Favored-Nation Clause: A Game Theoretic Approach

Andrew Caplin,Kala Krishna 서울대학교 경제연구소 1988 Seoul journal of economics Vol.1 No.3

급ㆍ배수관망의 누수저감을 위한 밸브제어 최적화

Choi Jong Sub,Kala Vairavamoorthy,Nemanja Trifunovic 대한토목학회 2007 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

Use of design optimization techniques in solving typical structural engineering related design optimization problems

Filip Fedorik,Jiří Kala,Antti Haapala,Mikko Malaska 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.55 No.6

High powered computers and engineering computer systems allow designers to routinely simulate complex physical phenomena. The presented work deals with the analysis of two finite element method optimization techniques (First Order Method-FOM and Subproblem Approximation Method-SAM) implemented in the individual Design Optimization module in the Ansys software to analyze the behavior of real problems. A design optimization is a difficult mathematical process, intended to find the minimum or maximum of an objective function, which is mostly based on iterative procedure. Using optimization techniques in engineering designs requires detailed knowledge of the analyzed problem but also an ability to select the appropriate optimization method. The methods embedded in advanced computer software are based on different optimization techniques and their efficiency is significantly influenced by the specific character of a problem. The efficiency, robustness and accuracy of the methods are studied through strictly convex two-dimensional optimization problem, which is represented by volume minimization of two bars‟ plane frame structure subjected to maximal vertical displacement limit. Advantages and disadvantages of the methods are described and some practical tips provided which could be beneficial in any efficient engineering design by using an optimization method.