Active site of nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts for fuel cells

Junji NAKAMURA 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

Diagnostic criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies: Updates and future directions

Masahito Yamada,Junji Komatsu,Keiko Nakamura,Kenji Sakai,Miharu Samuraki-Yokohama,Kenichi Nakajima,Mitsuhiro Yoshita 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2020 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.13 No.1

The aim of this article is to describe the 2017 revised consensus criteria for the clinical diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) with future directions for the diagnostic criteria. The criteria for the clinical diagnosis of probable and possible DLB were first published as the first consensus report in 1996 and were revised in the third consensus report in 2005. After discussion at the International DLB Conference in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, in 2015, the International DLB Consortium published the fourth consensus report including the revised consensus criteria in 2017. The 2017 revised criteria clearly distinguish between clinical features and diagnostic biomarkers. Significant new information about previously reported aspects of DLB has been incorporated, with increased diagnostic weighting given to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy. Future directions include the development of the criteria for early diagnosis (prodromal DLB) and the establishment of new biomarkers that directly indicate Lewy-related pathology, including α-synuclein imaging, biopsies of peripheral tissues (skin, etc.) for the demonstration of α-synuclein deposition, and biochemical markers (cerebrospinal fluid/blood), as well as the pathological evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of the 2017 revised diagnostic criteria. In conclusion, the revised consensus criteria for the clinical diagnosis of DLB were reported with the incorporation of new information about DLB in 2017. Future directions include the development of the criteria for early diagnosis and the establishment of biomarkers directly indicative of Lewy-related pathology.

Characteristics of Primary and Metachronous Gastric Cancers Discovered after Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Multicenter Propensity Score- Matched Study

( Yuji Maehata ),( Shotaro Nakamura ),( Motohiro Esaki ),( Fumie Ikeda ),( Tomohiko Moriyama ),( Risa Hida ),( Ema Washio ),( Junji Umeno ),( Minako Hirahashi ),( Takanari Kitazono ),( Takayuki Matsum 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.5

Background/Aims: Gastric cancers develop even after suc-cessful Helicobacter pylori eradication. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of early gastric cancers discovered after H. pylori eradication. Methods: A total of 1,053 patients with early gastric cancer treated by endoscopic submucosal dis-section were included. After matching the propensity score, we retrospectively investigated the clinicopathological fea-tures of 192 patients, including 96 patients who had under-gone successful H. pylori eradication (Hp-eradicated group) and 96 patients who had active H. pylori infection (Hp-positive group). Results: In the Hp-eradicated group, early gastric cancers were discovered 1 to 15 years (median, 4.1 years) after H. pylori eradication. Compared with Hp-positive pa-tients, Hp-eradicated patients showed a more frequently de-pressed configuration (81% vs 53%, respectively, p<0.0001) and a higher trend toward submucosal invasion (18% vs 8%, respectively, p=0.051). A multivariable analysis revealed the macroscopic depressed type to be characteristics of early gastric cancers after H. pylori eradication. Among patients in the Hp-eradicated group, metachronous cancers showed less frequent depressed lesions (68% vs 84%, respectively, p=0.049) and smaller tumor sizes (median, 11 mm vs 14 mm, respectively, p=0.014) than primary cancers. Conclu-sions: Early gastric cancers after H. pylori eradication are characterized by a depressed configuration. Careful follow- up endoscopies are necessary after H. pylori eradication. (Gut Liver 2017;11:628-634)

Changes in Ceramides and Glucosylceramides in Mouse Skin and Human Epidermal Equivalents by Rice-Derived Glucosylceramide

Hiroshi Shimoda,Shuko Terazawa,Shoketsu Hitoe,Junji Tanaka,Seikou Nakamura,Hisashi Matsuda,Masayuki Yoshikawa 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.12

Ceramides (Cer) and glucosylceramides (GlcCer) play an important role in moisturizing the epidermis. Dietary GlcCer has been reported to improve transepidermal water loss (TEWL). However, the effect of GlcCer on epidermal Cer and GlcCer has not been well established. Therefore, we prepared a GlcCer-rich fraction (GCFr) from rice and evaluated its effect on TEWL and epidermal Cer and GlcCer in mice. In addition, we examined the effect of GlcCer (d18:2) contained in GCFr on the changes in Cer and GlcCer in a human epidermal equivalent. Oral dosing of GCFr (3 and 10 mg/[kg·day]) improved TEWL treated with sodium dodecyl sulfate. In the skin, epidermal Cer 1 was increased, and GlcCer (esterified ω-hydroxy fatty acid and sphingosine [EOS]) and a complex mixture of GlcCer (NS), (NP), and (C24,26-AS), known as GlcCer A/B were decreased by the GCFr. These changes were accompanied with the enhancement of glucosylceramide synthase (GCSase) and glucocerebrosidase expression. On the other hand, GlcCer (d18:2) increased Cer 1, Cer 2, GlcCer (EOS), and GlcCer A/B in a human epidermal equivalent accompanied with expression of GCSase and epidermal maturation markers. These results suggest that oral dosing of rice-derived GlcCer can compensate for epidermal loss of Cer by enhancing epidermal GlcCer metabolism. Rice-derived GlcCer may improve epidermal water loss and barrier function.

Immunohistochemical differentiation between chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene and other inflammatory bowel diseases

Satoko Yamaguchi,Shunichi Yanai,Shotaro Nakamura,Keisuke Kawasaki,Makoto Eizuka,Noriyuki Uesugi,Tamotsu Sugai,Junji Umeno,Motohiro Esaki,Takayuki Matsumoto 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.3

Background/Aims: We recently identified recessive mutations in the solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 gene (SLCO2A1) as causative variants of chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 (CEAS). The aim of this study was to evaluate SLCO2A1 protein expression in the intestinal tissues of patients with CEAS, intestinal Behçet’s disease (BD), simple ulcer (SU), and Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: Immunohistochemical staining using a polyclonal anti-SLCO2A1 antibody was performed on the resected intestinal specimens from 13 cases of CD, 9 cases of intestinal BD/SU, and 3 cases of CEAS. The extent of SLCO2A1 expression was determined by counting positively-staining vascular endothelial cells and scored as 0 (no cells), 1 (1%−30% cells), 2 (31%−60%), or 3 (>60%). The intensity of SLCO2A1 expression was scored either as 0 (negative), 1 (intermediate), or 2 (strong). The extent score and intensity score were summed for the final score of 0, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Results: SLCO2A1 protein expression was observed in 1 of 3 cases of CEAS (33%), all 13 cases of CD (100%), and all 9 cases of BD/SU (100%). The mean final expression scores of CEAS, CD, and BD/SU were 1.6 (range, 0−5), 4.8 (range, 4−5), and 4.3 (range, 4−5), respectively. The final expression score in CEAS was significantly lower than in CD (P=0.03). Conclusions: Immunohistochemical staining of the SLCO2A1 protein is considered useful to distinguish CEAS from other inflammatory bowel diseases.

Distinction between Chronic Enteropathy Associated with the SLCO2A1 Gene and Crohn’s Disease

Shunichi Yanai,Satoko Yamaguchi,Shotaro Nakamura,Keisuke Kawasaki,Yosuke Toya,Noriyuki Yamada,Makoto Eizuka,Noriyuki Uesugi,Junji Umeno,Motohiro Esaki,Eiko Okimoto,Shunji Ishihara,Tamotsu Sugai,Takayu 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.1

Background/Aims: We recently identified recessive mutations in the solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 gene (SLCO2A1 ) as causative variants of chronic nonspecific multiple ulcers of the small intestine (chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1, CEAS). The aim of this study was to investigate the gastroduodenal expression of the SLCO2A1 protein in patients with CEAS and Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for SLCO2A1 was performed with a polyclonal antibody, HPA013742, on gastroduodenal tissues obtained by endoscopic biopsy from four patients with CEAS and 29 patients with CD. Results: The expression of SLCO2A1 was observed in one of four patients (25%) with CEAS and in all 29 patients (100%) with CD (p<0.001). The three patients with CEAS without SLCO2A1 expression had a homozygous splice-site mutation in SLCO2A1, c.1461+1G>C (exon 7) or c.940+1G>A (exon 10). The remaining one CEAS patient with positive expression of SLCO2A1 had compound heterozygous c.664G>A and c.1807C>T mutations. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical staining for SLCO2A1 in gastroduodenal tissues obtained by endoscopic biopsy is considered useful for the distinction of CEAS from CD.

Can Postural Instability Respond to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease?

Hiroshi Kataoka,Yohei Okada,Takao Kiriyama,Yorihiro Kita,Junji Nakamura,Shu Morioka,Koji Shomoto,Satoshi Ueno 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2016 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.9 No.1

Objective Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) activates the vestibular afferents, and these changes in vestibular input exert a strong influence on the subject’s posture or standing balance. In patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), vestibular dysfunction might contribute to postural instability and gait disorders. Methods Current intensity was increased to 0.7 mA, and the current was applied to the patients for 20 minutes. To perform a sham stimulation, the current intensity was increased as described and then decreased to 0 mA over the course of 10 seconds. The patient’s status was recorded continuously for 20 minutes with the patient in the supine position. Results Three out of 5 patients diagnosed with PD with postural instability and/or abnormal axial posture showed a reduction in postural instability after GVS. The score for item 12 of the revised Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part 3 was decreased in these patients. Conclusions The mechanism of postural instability is complex and not completely understood. In 2 out of the 5 patients, postural instability was not changed in response to GVS. Nonetheless, the GVS-induced change in postural instability for 3 patients in our study suggests that GVS might be a therapeutic option for postural instability