상수 원수에 따른 용존 유기물의 특성 평가

허준무,박종안,손부순,장봉기,이종화 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study was carried out to evaluate the characteristics of dissolved organics based on their origins, which were divided into two categories. The first group consisted of river, lake and secondary sewage treatment effluent, which were chosen as representative of their origins. The second group were artificial samples which were made of AHA(Aldrich humic acids) and WHA(Wako humic acids). Physicochemical characteristics, biological degradability and THMFP(trihalomethane formation potential) of the samples were analysed based on the AMWD(apparent molecular weight distribution). Large portion of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in the river and lake samples was comprised of LMW(low molecular weight), while that of AHA and WHA was HMW(high molecular weight). The DOC of the lake was evenly distributed in the all range of molecular weight. The river, lake and secondary treated effluent have lower ultraviolet(UV) absorbance at 254nm, and have a higher amount of humic acids. Higher absorbance of humic acids means that aliphatic bond and benzenoid type components that absorb UV light were contained in these kind of humic acids. It was expected that lake sample was the most biodegradable in the different samples investigated, and in order of secondary sewage treatment effluent, river, WHA and AHA based on the result of determination of specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA). Biodegradability showed similar result except for ABA, while dissolved organics in the range of LMW decreased during the biodegradability test, and on the contrary those of HMW increased. Production of the SMPs(soluble microbial products) was observed during humicification of dissolved organics and the SMPs were in the range of 0.7∼5.5% of DOC which was the lowest value. Sample had a higher portion of HMW showed a higher production of the SMPs. THM formation was high in the samples containing HMW and similar tendency was shown in the THMFP(trihalomethane formation potential), except for WHA.

세라믹튜브 및 패킹형 플라스틱 여재충전 혐기성 여상의 유가공 폐수 처리특성 및 반응조 내부거동

허준무,장봉기,서성철,박종안,이종화,배형석,김준현 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

This study was carried to develop of anaerobic reactor to be able to maximize the organic removal efficiency using laboratory-scale anaerobic filter. The ceramic tube and pall ring media were tested for the applicability as packing media of anaerobic filter for the treatment of a dairy waste. This study was conducted to determine the anaerobic treatability of a dairy waste, and investigate the effects of ceramic tube and pall ring media. Anaerobic filters were packed with packing volume of 65% of total working volume. When treating a dairy waste, the organic removal efficiency of anaerobic filter packed with pall rings was a little higher than that of anaerobic filter packed with ceramic tubes. This was because the reactor packed with ceramic tube had clogging problems and substrate transfer limitations. It seemed that the reactor packed with ceramic tubes had uneven packing due to structural characteristics. The COD removals of ceramic tube and pall ring anaerobic filters were greater than about 91% and 94%, respectively, at organic loading rate lower than 5kgCOD/㎥/d. The COD removals of both reactors decreased to 80% with organic loading rate of 10kgCOD/㎥/d. Biomass capture and solid-liquid-gas separation efficiency seemed to vary with the type of media.

가시발새우 껍질에서 제조한 키틴 키토산의 물리화학적 특성

정계환,김봉섭,허종화,노홍균 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1996 식품과학지 Vol.8 No.-

가시발새우 껍질을 부가가치가 높은 자원으로 활용하기 위하여, 이들로부터 키틴과 키토산을 제조하여 물리화학적 특성을 살펴 보았다. 가시발새우 껍질에서 추출한 키틴의 일반성분은 질소 6.84%, 지방 0.57%, 회분 0.32%였으며, 수율은 15.7%였다. 키토산은 질소함량이 7.52%였으며 지방과 회분함량은 각각 0.13%와 0.33%였다. 그리고 탈아세틸화도는 67.5%, 분자량은 9.1×10 exp (5)이었으며 수율은 75%를 나타내었다. 키틴 및 키토산의 잔류 아미노산은 각각 2.64㎎/g과 1.39㎎/g 검출되었고, 그 중 lysine이 가장 높게 나타났다. 한편 키틴과 키토산의 IR 스펙트럼과 고체상태 ^(13)C-NMR 스펙트럼 data는 분자구조를 확인하는데 도움이 되었다. The physicochemical properties of chitin and chitosan produced from lobster shrimp (Metanephrups thomosonii) shell were investigated. Lobster shrimp chitin contained 6.84% nitrogen, 0.57% fat and 0.32% ash, while chitosan contained 7.52% nitrogen, 0.13% fat and 0.33% ash. Degree of deacetylation and molecular weight of chitosan were 67.5% and 9.1×105, respectively. Yields of chitin from the shell portion and chitosan from the chitin were 15.7% and 75%, respectively. Chitin and chitosan contained 2.64 and 1.39㎎/g of residual amino acids, respectively, with both the most predominant being lysine. Chemical structures of the lobster shrimp chitin and chitosan have been investigated by the IR and solid state ^(13)C-NMR spectra.

지렁이를 이용한 슬러지 안정화시 부하율의 영향 및 슬러지 종류별 안정화 가능성 검토

서성철,박종안,이노섭,배형석,이종화,허준무,김준현 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

Stabilization of organic sludges using earthworms was conducted in a laboratory to investigate the effect of feed rate on the vermistabilization, and feasibility of vermistabilization of various sludge was also carried out to further wider application of vermistabilization. Sludges used in this study were septic tank sludge, papermill sludge and brewery sludge. Sludge reduction, cast production, earthworm growth rate and cocoon production were monitored periodically to check degree of stabilization. Feed rate of septic tank sludge did not have a notable effect on the sludge reduction and cast production per unit weight or earthworm. There was also no difference in the earthworm growth rate per unit weight of the sludge removed among the different sludge feed rate. The amount of septic tank sludge, papermill sludge and brewery sludge per gram of earthworm per day were 0.06, 0.05, and 0.02g, respectively. The weight of increase of earthworm per unit weight of the sludge removed was 0.18g/g for the septic tank sludge, 0.21g/g for the papermill sludge, and only 0.06g/g for the brewery sludge. It was therefore concluded that brewery sludge was not suitable for vermistabilization mainly due to high organic content to be easily converted organic acid. The concentrations of several heavy metals, volatile solids, total organic carbon and total kjeldahl nitrogen in the cast were generally lower than those in the raw sludges.

인공 연못의 부영양화 원인 및 저감대책 : - 현충사 경내 연못을 중심으로 -

장봉기,권용순,박종안,이종화,허준무 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

The field investigation including survey of water quality and sediment was conducted to evaluate trophic level and to find out appropriate control measures of artificially eutrophicated pond. The pond is located in the Hyunchoongsa, Asan, and has been a major water quality problem which has received considerable attention over the last decades because of accelerated aging of pond waters may be resulting from elevated loading of nutrients. Comprehensive survey of water quality and bottom sediment was carried out for one year to find out history of general characteristics, from November 1999 to July 2000. Average concentration of total nitrogen and phosphorus in the pond water was 25.43mg/ℓ and 0.2mg/ℓ respectively, and other characteristics showed higher trophic level. Chlorophyll-a concentration was 24.43mg/ℓ, and major group of algae was green algae of Closterim, which occupied 97.7%. The eutrophication rate index of one-year average was 70.91, and this level meant the pond was severe eutrophication state. Higher concentration of nutrient was detected in sediment of the pond, which was 2,717.06mg/ℓ and 83.20mg/ℓ, and these estimated values also meant extreme eutrophication state of the pond. Inflowing water quality was also monitored to find out the nutrient source. Results showed that inflowing water was not good for the supplying water for the pond since Total nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of inflowing water were 28.87mg/ℓ and 0.25mg/ℓ, respectively, and these nutrient concentrations were very high leading to algae bloom of the pond. Therefore it was concluded that supply of clean water is good for remedial actions to the pond, and flushing is a appropriate measures to control this eutrophicated pond. Simulation using modified simple model showed the trophic level of the pond will be change to water quality level of lake and pond I after clean water supply of 356m3/day for sixty-days.

On Energy Saving and Quality Improvement of Food Process ⑴.

Jong Wha Hur(허종화),Claus Von Der Osten(크라우스 폰 델 오스텐),Pasawadee Pradipasena(파사와디 프라디파세나),Chokyun Rha(나초균),Anthony J. Sinskey(안토니 J. 신스키) 한국생물공학회 1990 KSBB Journal Vol.5 No.4

식품의 냉동 냉장 (1)

허종화,Hur, Jong-Wha 대한설비공학회 1984 설비저널 Vol.13 No.3

청과물의 저온저장에 관하여 (2) -감귤류의 저온 저장-

허종화,Hur Jong-Wha 대한설비공학회 1976 설비저널 Vol.5 No.2

식품의 냉동냉장(2)

허종화,Hur, Jong-Wha 대한설비공학회 1985 설비저널 Vol.14 No.2

패류 가공에 관한 연구 6. 항산화제 또는 EDTA 처리가 진주담치 압착 건제품의 제조 및 저장중의 품질에 미치는 영향에 대하여

허종화,이응호,HUR Jong-Wha,LEE Eung-Ho 한국수산과학회 1971 한국수산과학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Sea mussel Mytilus edulis, world-widely distributed, is a sort of popular food in Korea. The demands of high quality and mass production are not being satisfied since it is usually sun dried. A rapid dehydration and the treatment of food additives to improve the quality of the product seems to be required. In this paper, the effect of antioxidants and EDTA treatment was studied when sea mussel was pressed and hot-air dehydrated for 10 hours at 45 to $52^{\circ}C$ under the air flow rate of 3 meter per second. The results are as follows: 1) Cooked and pressed sea mussel was dehydrated mere rapidly than cooked without pressing. 2) The rehydration rate of pressed and dehydrated sea mussel was higher than that of the unpressed. 3) Among six samples, BHA treated material showed the best color preservation during dehydration and storage. The treatment of Teonox-II was also effective following BHA. 4) The effects of antioxidants used during dehydration and storage were in order of BHA, Tenox-II and NDGA treatment, while EDTA was ineffective. 5) No significant difference in rehydration rate was found between those treated with antioxidants or EDTA and the untreated. 6) The amount of soluble protein was higher in the samples treated with antioxidants than in EDTA treated or untreated samples. 7) The results suggest that the treatment of BHA and pressing process produce improved product in quality which gives higher amount of soluble protein and better rehydration, color preservation and preventive effect of rancidity.