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ANALYSIS OF BODY MEASUREMENT ERROR ABOUT 3D SCAN DATA FOR ELDERLY
Jinhee Park,Juwon Chung,Yu Hwa Hong,Yun Ja Nam 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06
Measuring body size with a 3D scanner can reduce inter-measurer variability and provide better accuracy compared to using a traditional methods of measurement (Park, Nam, & Park, 2009). Many size measurement projects (or studies) that measure body size established a size measurement method prior to the development of a 3D scanner and automatic size measurement programs that produce 3D virtual body size measurements (Park, &Nam, 2012). Size data measured through an automatic size measurement program are more accurate and have a lower variability that is more appropriate for body measurements (Han, & Nam, 2004; Nam, Choi, Jung, & Yun, 2004). However, this method is limited to healthy subjects who can maintain a correct posture in a 3D scanner. It is difficult for the elderly to maintain the correct posture for body measurements in ‘Basic Human Body Measurements for Technological Design’ of ISO 7250(1997). Body measurement definitions are based on vertical and horizontal directions consequently, it is hard to measure those with a bent body type even if they stand in a correct posture. Most body measurement items are automatically measured in vertical and horizontal directions because current automatic size measurement programs utilize algorithms based on typical body measurement definitions. The size measurement method based on a vertical and horizontal directions tends to have a problem for elderly individuals with a bent body type who have difficulty maintaining a correct posture for 3D scanning as defined in ISO 7250(1997)(Ashdown, & Na, 2008).This study analyzes the problem of present auto-measurement programs that use elderly’s 3D body scan data. We conducted a comparative analysis of elderly’s body sizes using an auto-measurement program from virtual 3D body scan data and direct measurement with traditional measurement methods. We establish 34 typical body size measurements for the use of data from 464 males and 472 females (total 936) between the ages of 70 to 85. For error analysis, data separated to normal values and outliers compared with ISO 20655(2003). ISO 20685 defines the accuracy of extracted measurements by classification and measurement type (segment lengths, body height/breaths/depth, large/small circumferences, and head/hand/foot dimensions). The majority of outliers for the male and female body height type was “height”. Total number of persons with outliers for Height’s data was 603; consequently, 64.4% of subjects (elderly group of 70-85 yrs.) could not maintain a correct posture when scanning. Other data also had many errors from inaccurate measurement postures. A total of 72.3% of males and 70% of females have incorrect values in small circumferences. The segment lengths’ error data was 76.5% of males and 75% of females; in addition, the head dimension’ outliers were 87% for both male and female subjects. Especially 57.46% of males had incorrect data, while 74.67% of females had a type of large circumference. Female chest circumference had significant errors due to sagging breasts. The differences identify with a correlation between type of large circumference (chest, hip, under bust, waist, waist of omphalion) and gender. There were several correlations between the many measurement errors because values over 70% of data have outliers; however, each measurement type has properties in regards to correlation. A substantial positive correlation was found between all measurements (except hip circumference) in the type of large circumference; in addition, one-way ANOVA indicated that the measurements influenced height and were statistically significant. Outliers found in height data for the elderly’s were more likely to have errors in the type of large circumference. The type of body height indicated a strong correlation and statistical significance between the axilla height and other measurements (height, waist, crotch, lateral malleolus). Axilla height with more outliers indicated that other type of body height measurements had a higher potential for errors. The posture for body measurement was standardized as standing erect; however, this study indicated that many measurement errors were possible between using an auto-measurement program and direct measurement. The value of outlier about a particular measurement item can expect increased errors about any group (height: large circumference group/ axilla height: body height group). We have to study the relation in measurements in these types ‘large circumference’ because ‘head dimensions’ types correlate between measurements in each group. We need a more detailed analysis about outliers to find the major factors for measurement errors in regards to the elderly as well as discuss the possibility of ISO measurement-standard’s application for the elderly.
Hong, Seunghee,Kim, Jinhee,Yun, Sun-Mi,Lee, Hyunseung,Park, Yoonsu,Hong, Soon-Sun,Hong, Sungwoo American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.56 No.9
<P>The existence of drug resistance caused by mutations in the break-point cluster region-Abelson tyrosine kinase (Bcr-Abl) kinase domain remains a clinical challenge due to limited effective treatment options for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Herein we report a novel series of benzothiazole-based inhibitors that are effective against wild-type and T315I mutant Bcr-Abl kinases. The original hit compound, nocodazole, was extensively modified through a structure-based drug design strategy, especially by varying the groups at the C2 and C6 positions of the scaffold. In addition, the introduction of water-solubilizing groups at the terminal ethyl group resulted in enhanced physicochemical properties and potency in cellular inhibition. Several compounds inhibited the kinase activity of both wild-type Bcr-Abl and the T315I mutant with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values in the picomolar range and exhibited good antiproliferative effects on Ba/F3 cell lines transformed with either wild-type or T315I mutant Bcr-Abl.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jmcmar/2013/jmcmar.2013.56.issue-9/jm301891t/production/images/medium/jm-2012-01891t_0015.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jm301891t'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Hong, Seunghee,Kim, Jinhee,Seo, Ju Hyeon,Jung, Kyung Hee,Hong, Soon-Sun,Hong, Sungwoo American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.55 No.11
<P>Tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) is considered a promising target in the development of a therapeutic treatment of cancer and pain. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 7-azaindole-based Trk kinase inhibitors through the structure-based design strategy. By varying the functional groups at the 3 and 5 positions of a 7-azaindole scaffold, we studied the structure–activity relationships (SAR) profiles and identified a series of potent Trk inhibitors. Representative derivatives showed desirable activity in cellular proliferation and apoptosis assays. Moreover, these inhibitors exhibited noteworthy antiangiogenic activity.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jmcmar/2012/jmcmar.2012.55.issue-11/jm3002982/production/images/medium/jm-2012-002982_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jm3002982'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Jinhee Han,Sungshim Hong 한국영어학학회 2015 영어학연구 Vol.21 No.3
The purpose of the current study is to explore the failed attainment of English Present Perfect as opposed to English Simple Past by Korean speaking Learners of English. We hypothesize that the (relatively) underspecified nature of Tense/Aspect morphology of Korean as opposed to English provides the negative transfer, yielding the high inaccuracy in their Interlanguage. This hypothesis, Interlingual Feature-Mismatch Hypothesis (IFMH), has been tested on 106 Korean adult learners of English, resulting that Korean L1ers significantly and frequently (mis)uses English Simple Past when English Present Perfect is expected as Yoshimura, Nakayama, Fujimori, and Sawasaki (2010, 2014) have found in Japanese speakers of English. In the process of demonstrating and discussing our experiment which is a frequency distribution tabling method, we report that English Present Perfect is difficult not only for Korean L1ers to acquire but also for Turkish speakers of English, French speakers of English, Portuguese speakers of English, and of course Japanese speakers of English (Rocha 2004, Durich 2005, Payre-Ficout, Brissaud and Chevrot 2009, Lim 2010, Bulut 2011). The ramification of this study is that the acquisition of Aspect may not render empirical support to Modular approaches (Montrul 1997, 2000).
Policy Analysis: Performance-Based Funding Policy of the U.S. Olympic Committee
( Jinhee Yoo ),( Seok-pyo Hong ) 한국체육학회 2017 International journal of human movement science Vol.11 No.2
United States Olympic Committee (USOC) is a federally-chartered, non-profit organization that supports the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic athletes through their national governing bodies (NGBs), providing financial support and jointly working to develop customized and impactful athlete support and coaching education programs. However, the USOC must find a way to better aid the athletes in an effective and efficient manner as the USOC is not funded by the federal government of the United States. As such, the USOC allocate financial aid to NGBs based on the potential for success at the international level, underscoring the importance it places on Team USA's medal count. The performance-based funding policy of the USOC was reviewed based on a qualitative content analysis and analyzed from ethical perspectives. Recommendations were followed by the policy analysis.