RNAi suppression of nuclear receptor genes results in increased susceptibility to sulfoxaflor in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Lu Xu,Chun-Qing Zhao,De-Jin Xu,Guang-Chun Xu,Xiao-Long Xu,Zhao-Jun Han,Ya-Nan Zhang,Zhong-Yan Gu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2

Nuclear receptors (NRs), which belong to a superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, play essential roles in gene regulation to affect numerous physiological pathways. Twenty NR genes were identified in Nilaparvata lugens by using genomic, transcriptomic and GenBank databases, and categorized into NR0-NR6 subfamilies according to standard nomenclature. Among them, three NR geneswere classed into NR0, four into NR1, eight into NR2, one into NR3, one into NR4, two into NR5, and one into NR6, respectively. A phylogenetic tree of NRs from N. lugens and other representative species was constructed, which provided evolutionary insight into genetic distance. In order to investigate the NRs,whichwere induced by sulfoxaflor, time- and tissue-specific expression profiles of NR genes in fourth-instar nymphs were determined following LD50 sulfoxaflor treatment (0.28 ng/insect) and compared with control samples. NlUSP, NlE78, NlTLL, NlHR51, NlHR83, NlPNR and NlFTZ-F1 were highly expressed following 12–48 h of sulfoxaflor treatment. NlHR39 and NlDSF transcripts were detected in the head and the thorax, respectively. High-level and constitutive expression of NlHR3, NlTLL, NlHR83, NlFTZF1 and NlHR4 were found in the abdomen. Feeding of dsRNAs reduced the expression of NlHR3, NlUSP, NlTLL, NlHR83, NlPNR, NlFTZ-F1 and NlHR4 (35.48–49.77%) and caused significant nymph mortality (69.21–81.45%). These NRs, considered as insecticide targets, may play important function in sulfoxaflor detoxification.

Property Alignment of Linked Data Based on Similarity between Functions

Yu Liu,Shi-Hong Chen,Jin-Guang Gu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.4

Owing to the complex structure and multi-meaning, property alignment is generally regarded as a challenging problem in the context of linked data. In this paper, we propose a novel method to align properties between datasets of linked data. Considering the role of properties in RDF triples, we regard all properties of linked data as property functions, and convert the problem of property alignment to the similarity evaluation between property functions, while the equivalent instances as inputs of property functions. Based on the similarity of property functions, the property alignment process of linked data is introduced. In order to prove the validity, we use the method to align properties in five representative domains between DBpeida and YAGO, DBpedia and LinkedGeoData respectively. The experimental results show that our method is independent of the property naming rules and can retrieve some matching properties ignored by other methods. In addition, our method requires fewer entity co-reference links than the link statistical approach.

Multiple down-regulated cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes contributed to synergistic interaction between chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid against Nilaparvata lugens

Lu Xue,Guanghua Luo,Yang Sun,Shuijin Huang,De-Jin Xu,Guang-Chun Xu,Zhao-Jun Han,Zhong-Yan Gu,Ya-Nan Zhang 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.1

Insecticide mixtures are an effective strategy in pest resistance management. The synergistic chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid mixture could significantly increase toxicity against rice pest, Nilaparvata lugens, despite their high levels of resistance. However, synergism mechanisms to explain this phenomenon remain unknown. Chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid at a 1:0.5 ratio showed significant synergism on N. lugens with a combination index value of 0.18 after topical exposure. We constructed a genetic database of the genes expressed in individual and synergistic chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid treatments of N. lugens using Illumina Hiseq™ X Ten, and 17 co-downregulated genes putatively involved in synergism were detected by comparative transcriptome analyses. Expression patterns of the 17 candidate synergistic genes matched with transcriptome sequencing data by quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Feeding of dsRNAs further reduced the expression levels of 10 of these candidate synergistic genes (from 1.68 to 4.13-fold). Nymphs fed with only dsRNAs of CYP4DE1, CYP6AY1v2, CYP353D1, and CYP439A1 experienced more high mortality rates (81.45–90.34%) to improve synergism between chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid. Multiple reductive expressed P450 genes were potentially associated with synergism of a mixture of chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid, as confirmed by comparative transcriptome analyses and RNAi assays. Our findings suggested that synergistic interactions between chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid might be controlled by P450s.

흰쥐의 일차배양 간세포에서 Glycyrrhizin 및 Baicalin의 간 보호 활성 평가

김성화(Sung-Hwa Kim),천호준(Ho Jun Cheon),박진구(Jin-Gu Park),김영식(Yeong Shik Kim),강삼식(Sam Sik Kang),허광화(Guang Hua Xu),이승호(Seung Ho Lee),손건호(Kun Ho Son),이선미(Sun-Mee Lee) 대한약학회 2006 약학회지 Vol.50 No.6

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of glycyrrhizin, active glycosides of Glycyrrhizae Radix, and baicalin, bioactive flavonoid isolated from Scutellariae Radix, on hepatocyte injury induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4, 10mM), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH, 0.5 mM), and D-galactosamine (GalN, 30mM). Primary cultures of rat hepatocyte (18 hr cultured) were treated with CCl4, TBH, or GalN and various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM) of glycyrrhizin or baicalin. Activity was accessed by determining the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aminotransferses. CCl4 significantly increased the levels of LDH, alaine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and these increases were prevented by baicalin concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 100μM. The increases in ALT and AST levels were reduced by glycyrrhizin concentration of 100 μM. The level of LDH was markedly increased by TBH, and this increase was reduced by both glycyrrhizin and baicalin. ALT and AST levels were increased by TBH, which were prevented by glycyrrhizin and bacalin, respectively. GalN markedly increased the levels of LDH, ALT and AST. These increases was significantly reduced by both glycyrrhizin and baicalin. These results suggest that glycyrrhizin and baicalin possess the hepatoprotective activity.

Nomogram for predicting overall survival in children with neuroblastoma based on SEER database

Song-Wu Liang,Gang Chen,Yi-Ge Luo,Peng Chen,Jin-Han Gu,Qiong-Qian Xu,Yi-Wu Dang,Li-Ting Qin,Hui-Ping Lu,Wen-Ting Huang,Zhi-Guang Huang,Li Gao,Jia-Bo Chen 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.99 No.2

Purpose: This study was performed to establish and validate a nomogram for predicting the overall survival in children with neuroblastoma. Methods: The latest clinical data of neuroblastoma in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was extracted from 2000 to 2016. The cases included were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. The survival curves were drawn with a Kaplan-Meier estimator to investigate the influences of certain single factors on overall survival. Also, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to further select the prognostic variables for neuroblastoma. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of the nomogram. Results: In total, 1,262 patients were collected and 8 independent prognostic factors were achieved, including patients’ age, sex, race, tumor grade, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, tumor site, and tumor size. Then we constructed a nomogram by using the data of the training cohort with 886 cases. Subsequently, the nomogram was validated internally and externally with 886 and 376 cases, respectively. The internal validation revealed that the area under the curves (AUC) of ROC curves of 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival were 0.69, 0.78, and 0.81, respectively. Accordingly, the external validation also showed that the AUC of 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival were all ≥0.69. Both methods of validation demonstrated that the predictive calibration curves were consistent with standard curves. Conclusion: The nomogram possess the potential to be a new tool in predicting the survival rate of neuroblastoma patients.