Inhibitory effects of osteoprotegerin on osteoclast formation and function under serum-free conditions

Ying-Xiao Fu,Jian-Hong Gu,Yi-Ran Zhang,Xi-Shuai Tong,Hong-Yan Zhao,Yan Yuan,Xue-Zhong Liu,Jian-Chun Bian,Zong-Ping Liu 대한수의학회 2013 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to determine whether osteoprotegerin (OPG) could affect osteoclat differentiation and activation under serum-free conditions. Both duck embryo bone marrow cells and RAW264.7 cells were incubated with macrophage colony stimulatory factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in serum-free medium to promote osteoclastogenesis. During cultivation, 0,10, 20, 50, and 100 ng/mL OPG were added to various groups of cells. Osteoclast differentiation and activation were monitored via tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining,filamentous-actin rings analysis, and a bone resorption assay. Furthermore, the expression osteoclast-related genes, such as TRAP and receptor activator for nuclear factor κB (RANK),that was influenced by OPG in RAW264.7 cells was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In summary,findings from the present study suggested that M-CSF with RANKL can promote osteoclast differentiation and activation,and enhance the expression of TRAP and RANK mRNA in osteoclasts. In contrast, OPG inhibited these activities under serum-free conditions.

Involvement of the Ca2+ signaling pathway in osteoprotegerin inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and maturation

Ying-Xiao Fu,Jian-Hong Gu,Yi Wang,Yan Yuan,Xue-Zhong Liu,Jian-Chun Bian,Zong-Ping Liu 대한수의학회 2015 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Ca2+ signaling pathway is involved in the ability of osteoprotegerin (OPG) to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and maturation. RAW264.7 cells were incubated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) + receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) to stimulate osteoclastogenesis and then treated with different concentrations of OPG, an inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i and phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the different treatment groups were measured by flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. The results confirmed that M-CSF + RANKL significantly increased [Ca2+]i and CaMKII phosphorylation in osteoclasts (p < 0.01), and that these effects were subsequently decreased by OPG treatment. Exposure to specific inhibitors of the Ca2+ signaling pathway revealed that these changes varied between the different OPG treatment groups. Findings from the present study indicated that the Ca2+ signaling pathway is involved in both the regulation of osteoclastogenesis as well as inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and activation by OPG.

아드만탄 기반의 새로운 설포네이트 폴리카보네이트 난연제 성능 연구

Jian Wei Guo,Yue Qin Wang,Li Juan Feng,Xing Zhong,Chu Fen Yang,Sa Liu,Ying De Cui 한국고분자학회 2013 폴리머 Vol.37 No.4

A novel sulfonate flame retardant, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(phenyl-4-sodium sulfonate)adamantane (FR-A), was suc-cessfully synthesized from l-bromoadamantane in sequential four-step reactions involving Fiedel-Crafts phenylation, sul-phonation, hydrolysis, and neutralization. The success of synthesis was confirmed by FTIR spectra, ‘H NMR spectra, elemental analyses and mass spectra. The effect of FR-A on the flame retardacy of polycarbonate (PC) has been studied. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that this novel sulfonate flame retardant had effective flame retardancy on polycarbonate (PC). With a small amount (0.08 Wt%) of FR-A. the flame retardancy of PC was improved obviously, which got to UL 94 V-0 rating. TGA and DTA curves demonstrated that the additive raised the degradation rate of PC by promoting the quick formation of an insulating carbon layer on the surface, and confirmed that the flame retardant mechanism of PC/FR-A system was similar to potassium diphenylsulfone sulfonate (KSS).

ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM IN SnO 2 NANOFIBERS AND NANOTUBES PREPARED BY ELECTROSPINNING

JIAN-GUO ZHAO,WEI-YING ZHANG,ZHAO-JUN LIU,ZHONG-LI LIU,YA-JUAN ZHANG,ER-QING XIE,XIU-YUN AN,YONG-FENG CHEN,CHANG-YOU ZHANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.2

SnO 2 nano¯bers and nanotubes were synthesized by electrospinning method. Magnetizationmeasurement indicates that the SnO 2 nano¯bers and nanotubes annealed in air at 500?C exhibitthe room-temperature ferromagnetism and the ferromagnetism of nanotubes is stronger than thenano¯bers. Selected area electron di®raction, X-ray di®raction and Raman measurements showthat all the samples possess a typical rutile structure and no other impurity phases are observed. The results of the Raman spectra also indicate that there are lots of defects existing in thefabricated samples. The observed room-temperature ferromagnetism in SnO 2 nano¯bers andnanotubes possibly originates from oxygen vacancies. The ¯eld cooled (FC) and zero-¯eld-cooled(ZFC) magnetization curves indicate that the Curie temperature T C is above 300 K.

Profiling Gene Expression During Gland Morphogenesis of a Glanded and a Glandless Upland Cotton

Ying-Fan Cai,Min Chen,Quan Sun,Yong-Fang Xie,Sheng-Wei Li,Jian-Chuan Mo,Ming-Feng Jiang,You-Lu Yuan,Yu-Zhen Shi,Huai-Zhong Jiang,Zheng Pan,Yun-Ling Gao,Peng-Sheng Ye,Hua-Lan Zeng 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.6

The pigment gland is an important character of the Gossypium plant. With the aim of identifying genes involved in pigment gland morphogenesis in cotton, gene expression during pigment gland morphogenesis in Chuan 2802, which is glanded both in seed and plant, and a glandless line N5 was profiled using Affymetrix Cotton microarray. The results showed that there were 564 differentially expressed genes greater than twofold during gland morphogenesis. About 60.2% of these genes shares similarity with known genes on GenBank and about 39.8% with no functional description in the database. These described genes may play roles in defense response, response to oxidative stress, peroxidase activity, and the other metabolic pathways. The KEGG Orthology-Based Annotation System indicated that these above twofold expressed genes involved seven biochemical pathways on KEGG. These findings suggest that a complicated regulation is associated with pigment gland morphogenesis and the associated defense response including gossypol biosynthesis in cotton.

Impact of the Silicon-nitride Passivation Film Thickness on the Characteristics of InAlAs/InGaAs InP-based HEMTs

Ying-Hui Zhong,Jie Yang,Xin-Jian Li,Peng Ding,Zhi Jin 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.6

In this research, the DC and RF characteristics for our own InAlAs/InGaAs InP-based highelectron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with 0-nm, 50-nm, and 200-nm silicon-nitride (Si3N4) passivationfilms have been investigated comprehensively and systematically. With increasing Si3N4passivation film thickness, the device exhibits an apparent improvement in the output conductanceand a distinct drift of the pinch-off voltage toward a positive value. Especially, the device passivatedby using a 50-nm Si3N4 film demonstrates the highest extrinsic transconductance and channelcurrent. The appeared changes of the DC properties can be interpreted as due to the passivationinducedpositively-charged surface state increasing the sheet carrier density with the carrier mobilityand parasitic resistance of device being deteriorated by long-time high-stress-intensity ion bombardment. Additionally, the degradations of the current-gain cutoff frequency (fT ) and maximumoscillation frequency (fmax) can be attributed to the drastically-increased parasitic capacitance andresistance induced by the passivation process. This work will be of great importance in fabricatingInP HEMTs with high performances.

Recovery of Ganoderic Acids from Ganoderma lucidum Mycelia by Macroporous Adsorption Resins

Ying-bo Li,Jia-le Wang,Jian-Jiang Zhong 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.2

In this work, the performance and adsorption characteristics of macroporous resins for the recovery and enrichment of ganoderic acid (GA)-Mk and GA-T from Ganoderma lucidum mycelia were systematically evaluated. ADS-8 resin displayed the best adsorption and desorption capacities among the tested resins based on batch experiments. The interaction between solute and ADS-8 resin at different temperatures was described in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and the equilibrium experimental data were well fitted to the two isotherms. Thermodynamic analysis indicated the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity of ADS-8 resin was found to depend strongly on the pH value of the initial solution. Dynamic adsorption and desorption tests were performed on an ADS-8 resin-packed column to obtain optimal parameters for recovering GA-Mk and GAT from G. lucidum extract. Under optimized conditions, a laboratory scale-up preparation of GA-Mk and GA-T was carried out. The contents of GA-Mk and GA-T were increased from 45 to 22 mg/g in the crude extract to 352and 141 mg/g in the final product with recovery yields of 90.1 and 72.2%, respectively. These results demonstrated that ADS-8 resin chromatography could act as a useful approach for obtaining ganoderic acids from G. lucidum mycelia.

Characterization of the Open Reading Frame 35 of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Ying Min Zhu,Guo Hui Li,Qin Yao,Ke Ping Chen,Zhong Jian Guo 한국잠사학회 2010 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.21 No.2

Open reading frame 35 (bm35) of the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a special gene whose homologues are only found in some group-I nucleopolyhedroviruses, suggesting that bm35 plays a specific role in the viral life cycle. This paper described the characterization of BmNPV bm35. Computerassisted sequence analysis shows that a putative RING finger motif is observed in the protein, Bm35 encoded by bm35. The coding sequence of bm35 was amplified and subcloned into the vector pET30a(+) and the (His)6-tagged fusion protein His-Bm35 was expressed in the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) LysS cells. The bm35 transcript and Bm35 protein were detected in BmNPV-infected BmN cells at 12~48 h post infection (p.i.) by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis using the polyclonal antibody generated by immunizing a rabbit with purified (His)6-tagged Bm35, suggesting that bm35 is synthesized in the late stage of BmNPV infection cycle. Bm35 was not a structural component associated with budded virus (BV) and occlusion derived virus (ODV). These data indicated that bm35 is a functional gene in the BmNPV life cycle.

Supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid and rumen-protected methionine increased growth performance and meat quality of Tan lambs

Zhang Jian Hao,Li Hai Hai,Zhang Gui Jie,Zhang Ying Hui,Liu Bo,Huang Shuai,Guyader Jessie,Zhong Rong Zhen 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.10

Objective: Tan lambs (n = 36, 3 mo old, 19.1±0.53 kg) were used to assess effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and serum parameters. Methods: Lambs were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, with 6 pens per group and 2 lambs per pen. Dietary treatments were: basal diet alone (I); basal diet supplemented with 0.08% GAA+0.06% RPM (II); and basal diet supplemented with 0.08% GAA+0.08% RPM (III). Diets were provided three times a day for 90 d. Intake per pen was recorded daily and individual lamb body weight (BW) was measured monthly. Carcass traits were measured after slaughter and meat quality at the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken on a subgroup of lambs for analysis of indicators mostly related to protein metabolism. Results: Final BW and average daily gain for the first and second month, and for the entire experiment were greater in Treatment II compared to Treatment I (p<0.05), whereas feed to gain ratio was lower (p<0.05). Treatment II had the optimal dressing percentage and net meat weight proportion, as well as crude protein and intramuscular fat concentrations in muscles. Treatment II improved meat quality, as indicated by the greater water holding capacity, pH after 45 min and 48 h, and lower shear force and cooking loss. Dietary supplementation of GAA and RPM also increased the meat color a* and b* values at 24 h. Finally, Treatment II increased total protein, and serum concentrations of albumin and creatinine, but decreased serum urea nitrogen concentrations, indicating improved protein efficiency. Conclusion: In this study, 0.08% GAA+0.06% RPM supplementation improved growth performance and meat quality of Tan lambs. Objective: Tan lambs (n = 36, 3 mo old, 19.1±0.53 kg) were used to assess effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and serum parameters.Methods: Lambs were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, with 6 pens per group and 2 lambs per pen. Dietary treatments were: basal diet alone (I); basal diet supplemented with 0.08% GAA+0.06% RPM (II); and basal diet supplemented with 0.08% GAA+0.08% RPM (III). Diets were provided three times a day for 90 d. Intake per pen was recorded daily and individual lamb body weight (BW) was measured monthly. Carcass traits were measured after slaughter and meat quality at the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken on a subgroup of lambs for analysis of indicators mostly related to protein metabolism.Results: Final BW and average daily gain for the first and second month, and for the entire experiment were greater in Treatment II compared to Treatment I (p<0.05), whereas feed to gain ratio was lower (p<0.05). Treatment II had the optimal dressing percentage and net meat weight proportion, as well as crude protein and intramuscular fat concentrations in muscles. Treatment II improved meat quality, as indicated by the greater water holding capacity, pH after 45 min and 48 h, and lower shear force and cooking loss. Dietary supplementation of GAA and RPM also increased the meat color a* and b* values at 24 h. Finally, Treatment II increased total protein, and serum concentrations of albumin and creatinine, but decreased serum urea nitrogen concentrations, indicating improved protein efficiency.Conclusion: In this study, 0.08% GAA+0.06% RPM supplementation improved growth performance and meat quality of Tan lambs.

Detection of MicroRNA-21 Expression as a Potential Screening Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Jiang, Jian-Xin,Zhang, Na,Liu, Zhong-Min,Wang, Yan-Ying Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death and cancer-related incidence worldwide. The potential of microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a biomarker for CRC detection has been studied in several studies. However, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted the present meta-analysis to systematically assess the diagnostic value of miR-21 for CRC. Materials and Methods: Using a random-effect model, the pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of miR-21 for CRC. A summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and an area under the curve (AUC) were also generated to assess the diagnosis accuracy of miR-21 for CRC. Q test and I2 statistics were used to assess between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated by the Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test. Results: A total of 986 CRC patients and 702 matched healthy controls from 8 studies were involved in the meta-analysis. The pooled results for SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 57% (95%CI: 39%-74%), 87% (95%CI: 78%-93%), 4.4 (95%CI: 2.4-8.0), 0.49 (95%CI: 0.32-0.74), 9 (95%CI: 4-22), and 0.83 (95%CI: 0.79-0.86), respectively. Subgroup analyses further suggested that blood-based studies showed a better diagnostic accuracy compared with feces-based studies, indicating that blood may be a better matrix for miR-21 assay and CRC detection. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that miR-21 has a potential diagnostic value for CRC with a moderate level of overall diagnostic accuracy. Hence, it could be used as auxiliary means for the initial screening of CRC and avoid unnecessary colonoscopy, which is an invasive and expensive procedure.