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Ha Young‐Ran,Jeong Se‐Jin,Jang Chang‐Won,Chang Kyu‐Sik,Kim Hyun‐Woo,Cho Shin‐Hyoung,Lee Hee‐Il 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.2
Mosquitoes have adapted to various environmental conditions. Symbionts with mosquitoes impact this adaptation in different environments. In the field, mosquitoes could get exposed to antibiotics during their developmental period, which could reduce or eliminate their symbiotic microbes. However, the side effects of the antibiotics on the ovary and reproductive physiology of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of tetracycline and combinations of rifampicin and tetracycline at environmentally acceptable levels on the reproductive physiology of ovaries in Ae. albopictus. Rifampicin and tetracycline in combination reduced the hatching rate and fertility of Ae. albopictus compared to the untreated control group. These antibiotics induced histopathological damage and reactive oxygen species production in the ovaries. The combination of antibiotics decreased the expression of surface protein of Wolbachia (WSP) in Ae. albopictus. Additionally, the expression of Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Myd88 were triggered by the combinations. The findings demonstrate the detrimental effects of antibiotics, particularly combinations of rifampicin and tetracycline, on the reproductive capacity of Ae. albopictus females.
( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3
Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)
( Ran Hui Cha ),( Ha Jeong Lee ),( Soo Hee Kim ),( Eun Jung Jung ),( Kyung Chul Moon ),( Yon Su Kim ) 대한신장학회 2010 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.29 No.1
We report a case of microscopic polyangiitis, presenting with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, neuropsychiatric abnormalities, and urticarial vasculitis. A 65-year-old woman reported loss of appetite, significant weight loss, and a transient history of veering tendency. She was presented with a mild fever, cough, and sputum. Routine laboratory test revealed anemia, leukocytosis with a left shift, azotemia, and elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein. The bilateral kidneys were observed to be enlarged (right kidney 16.3 cm, left kidney 18.2 cm) on an abdominal computed tomography. The perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) titer was >1:640 and MPO-ANCA was positive. Her chief complaints consisted of character change, visual illusion, and hearing loss. A skin rash with a bullous change resembling urticaria was further developed. Kidney biopsy demonstrated pauci-immune diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis. Skin biopsy was compatible with urticarial vasculitis. Having received intravenous cyclophosphamide and oral prednisolone, she showed sustained improvement in renal function, as well as her neuropsychiatric symptoms and skin rash.
Jeong-Dan Cha,Mi-Ran Jeong,Young-Eun Lee,Kyung-Yeol Lee 한국식품과학회 2007 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.16 No.4
Sophora flavescens AITON (Leguminosae) is a typical traditional Korean medical herb considered to exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects, and is also used for the treatment of skin and mucosal ulcers, sores, diarrhea, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, arrhythmia, and eczema. In this study, the compound sophoraflavanone G was isolated from the dried roots of S. flavescens by bioassay-guided fractionation. We then investigated the effects of various concentrations of sophoraflavanone G on cell viability and the induction of apoptosis in KB cells after an incubation of 24 hr. The results were determined by the following methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-terazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Hoechst-33258 dye staining, flow cytometry (cell cycle), and Western blotting for caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). We found sophoraflavanone G induced the apoptosis of KB cells in a dose-dependent manner that was verified by DNA fragmentation, apoptotic bodies, the sub-G1 ratio, caspase-3 activity, and cleavage of PARP. These results suggest that sophoraflavanone G has potent anti-proliferative effects on human oral epidermoid carcinoma cells, with the induction of apoptosis.
First Observation of Ferroelectricity in ∼1 nm Ultrathin Semiconducting BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Films
Lee, Seung Ran,Baasandorj, Lkhagvasuren,Chang, Jung Won,Hwang, In Woong,Kim, Jeong Rae,Kim, Jeong-Gyu,Ko, Kyung-Tae,Shim, Seung Bo,Choi, Min Woo,You, Mujin,Yang, Chan-Ho,Kim, Jinhee,Song, Jonghyun American Chemical Society 2019 NANO LETTERS Vol.19 No.4
<P>The requirements of multifunctionality in thin-film systems have led to the discovery of unique physical properties and degrees of freedom, which exist only in film forms. With progress in growth techniques, one can decrease the film thickness to the scale of a few nanometers (∼nm), where its unique physical properties are still pronounced. Among advanced ultrathin film systems, ferroelectrics have generated tremendous interest. As a prototype ferroelectric, the electrical properties of BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (BTO) films have been extensively studied, and it has been theoretically predicted that ferroelectricity sustains down to ∼nm thick films. However, efforts toward determining the minimum thickness for ferroelectric films have been hindered by practical issues surrounding large leakage currents. In this study, we used ∼nm thick BTO films, exhibiting <I>semiconducting</I> characteristics, grown on a LaAlO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (LAO/STO) heterostructure. In particular, we utilized two-dimensional electron gas at the LAO/STO heterointerface as the bottom electrode in these capacitor junctions. We demonstrate that the BTO film exhibits ferroelectricity at room temperature, even when it is only ∼2 unit-cells thick, and the total thickness of the capacitor junction can be reduced to less than ∼4 nm. Observation of ferroelectricity in ultrathin <I>semiconducting</I> films and the resulting shrunken capacitor thickness will expand the applicability of ferroelectrics in the next generation of functional devices.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Lee, Joon Hyeop,Lee, Hye-Ran,Kim, Minjin,Seon, Kwang-Il,Kim, Sang Chul,Yang, Soung-Chul,Ree, Chang Hee,Lee, Jong Chul,Jeong, Hyunjin,Ko, Jongwan,Choi, Changsu IOP Publishing 2014 The Astrophysical journal Vol.791 No.2
<P>The properties of satellite galaxies are closely related to their host galaxies in galaxy groups. In cluster environments, on the other hand, the interaction between close neighbors is known to be limited. Our goal is to examine the relationships between host and satellite galaxies in the harsh environment of a galaxy cluster. To achieve this goal, we study a galaxy cluster WHL J085910.0+294957 at z = 0.30 using deep images obtained with CQUEAN CCD camera mounted on the 2.1 m Otto Struve Telescope. After member selection based on the scaling relations of photometric and structural parameters, we investigate the relationship between bright (M-i <= -18) galaxies and their faint (-18 < M-i <= -15) companions. The weighted mean color of faint companion galaxies shows no significant dependence (< 1 sigma to bootstrap uncertainties) on cluster-centric distance and local luminosity density as well as the luminosity and concentration of an adjacent bright galaxy. However, the weighted mean color shows marginal dependence (similar to 2.2 sigma) on the color of an adjacent bright galaxy when the sample is limited to bright galaxies with at least two faint companions. By using a permutation test, we confirm that the correlation in color between bright galaxies and their faint companions in this cluster is statistically significant with a confidence level of 98.7%. The statistical significance increases if we additionally remove non-members using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey photometric redshift information (similar to 2.6 sigma and 99.3%). Our results suggest three possible scenarios: (1) vestiges of infallen groups, (2) dwarf capturing, and (3) tidal tearing of bright galaxies.</P>