Clinical Outcomes in Musculoskeletal Involvement of Burkholderia Pseudomallei Infection

Mohamad Gouse,Viswanath Jayasankar,Shalom Patole,Balaji Veeraraghavan,Manasseh Nithyananth 대한정형외과학회 2017 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.9 No.3

Background: Musculoskeletal involvement in melioidosis is often seen in conjunction with a disseminated illness. Recent reports suggest that operative management of musculoskeletal melioidosis has favourable results. The purpose of this study was to review the patient profile and clinical outcomes of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in the musculoskeletal system. Methods: Hospital records of 163 patients who were diagnosed to have B. pseudomallei infection between January 2009 and December 2014 were reviewed. Patients underwent surgical and nonsurgical management depending upon the tissue of involvement. Epidata software was used to record the data. The SPSS ver. 17.0 was used for analysis. Results: Eighteen out of 24 patients who had musculoskeletal melioidosis were available for follow-up. Septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and intramuscular abscess were the common diagnosis, with 6 patients in each group. Twelve patients required surgical intervention. All patients received a full course of parenteral ceftazidime followed by oral doxycycline and co-trimoxazole. Two out of 6 patients (33.3%) died among those who had nonsurgical management as compared to none in the group who had surgical management. This was significant at 10% level of significance (p = 0.098). The rest were followed up for a minimum of 1 year with no evidence of disease recurrence. Conclusions: This series describing musculoskeletal involvement in melioidosis is the largest such study from a recently recognized ‘endemic’ region. Of importance are the patterns of musculoskeletal involvement, pitfalls in diagnosis and adequate clinical response with timely diagnosis and appropriate surgical management.

Optical Absorption and EPR Studies on Gamma-Ray Irradiated RE3+-Doped Fluorophosphate Glasses

Linganna, K.,Ju, S.,Basavapoornima, Ch.,Jayasankar, C. K.,Venkatramu, V.,Kim, C. J.,Han, W.-T. Springer-Verlag 2018 Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers a Vol.28 No.3

Exploring New Paradigms in High-Density Vertical Hybrids

Ravindranath, Swinal Samant,Menon, Srilakshmi Jayasankar Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2018 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.7 No.2

By the year 2050, the world population is set to increase to 9 billion people, of which 66% will be living in cities. It is argued that this will inevitably lead to further urban densification and soaring, inhumane and dense vertical environments. However, innovative and disruptive technologies impacting all realms of life means that we will also live, work, play, learn and make in novel ways, the beginnings of which are already becoming evident. These present opportunities for reimagining city environments, and in particular tall buildings, with a focus on reducing redundancies and re-appropriating existing buildings, creating novel hybrid environments, incorporating green and social democratic spaces, and integrating multiple modes of transport. This paper examines how vertical cities may perhaps be dense, resource efficient, and yet humane, presenting three possible scenarios for Singapore's context, which are, however, common to many Asian high-density urban environments. The scenarios presented are the outcome of Final-Year Thesis Projects undertaken by final-year architecture students at the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2017.

White light generation in Dy³⁺-doped oxyfluoride glass and transparent glass-ceramics containing CaF₂ nanocrystals.

Babu, P,Jang, Kyoung Hyuk,Rao, Ch Srinivasa,Shi, Liang,Jayasankar, C K,Laví,n, Ví,ctor,Seo, Hyo Jin Optical Society of America 2011 Optics express Vol.19 No.3

<P>The radiative emission properties of the Dy³⁺ ions in an oxyfluoride glass and glass-ceramics have been studied for the generation of white light. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the glass-ceramics shows the formation of CaF₂ fluorite-type nanocrystals in the glass matrix after a suitable thermal treatment of the precursor glass, whereas time-resolved optical measurements show the incorporation of the Dy³⁺ ions in the CaF₂ nanocrystals. Intense white light has been observed when the samples are excited with 451 nm laser light. From the visible emission spectra, yellow to blue intensity ratios and the chromaticity color coordinates have been determined. All the color coordinates are found to lie in the white light region of the chromaticity color diagram.</P>

Local field dependent fluorescence properties of Eu³⁺ ions in a fluorometaphosphate laser glass

Babu, P.,Jang, K.H.,Kim, E.S.,Vijaya, R.,Jayasankar, C.K.,Lavin, V.,Seo, H.J. North-Holland 2011 Journal of non-crystalline solids Vol.357 No.10

A fluorometaphosphate laser glass doped with Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions has been synthesized and studied by broad band optical spectroscopy and time-resolved fluorescence line narrowing techniques in order to explore the local field dependent fluorescence properties of the lanthanide ions in this host. From the Raman and the vibronic spectra, various structural phosphate groups coupled to the Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions have been identified. Local field dependent <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>J</SUB> (J=0-6) emission spectra and the lifetimes of the <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB> level have been measured under resonant excitation of the Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions at different wavelengths within the <SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB> band at 16K. From these data and using the Stark level positions of the <SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>1</SUB> and <SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>2</SUB> multiplets, a crystal-field analysis has been carried out assuming a C<SUB>2v</SUB> orthorhombic local symmetry. The radiative Judd-Ofelt parameters have been calculated for the different local fields found in the glass and their relative variation has been discussed. The results obtained suggest the existence of a relatively narrow distribution of local fields generated by successive distortions of a unique kind of site for all the Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions in this fluorometaphosphate glass.

Dysprosium doped niobium zinc fluorosilicate glasses: Interesting materials for white light emitting devices

Prabhakar, J.,Kummara, Venkata Krishnaiah,Linganna, K.,Babu, P.,Jayasankar, C.K.,Kim, Jihoon,Venkatramu, V. Elsevier 2019 OPTIK -STUTTGART- Vol.176 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Trivalent dysprosium doped niobium zinc fluorosilicate glasses modified with different Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>/ZnF<SUB>2</SUB> molar (M) ratios have been fabricated by the traditional melt-quenching technique and derived their structural, photoluminescence and decay properties using spectroscopic techniques. Induced structural modifications have been observed upon increasing content of Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>. Maximum phonon energy of the glass matrix is found to be 1010 cm<SUP>−1</SUP> from the Raman spectrum. The emission spectra of these glasses exhibit two intense bands at 480 and 570 nm besides a weak red emission at 650 nm. The decay profiles of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> ion for the <SUP>4</SUP>F<SUB>9/2</SUB> level exhibit a non-exponential behavior for all the glasses. The intrinsic lifetimes for the <SUP>4</SUP>F<SUB>9/2</SUB> level of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> ion have been determined by using the Inokuti-Hirayama model and are found to be 409, 366 and 325μs for the glasses with Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>/ZnF<SUB>2</SUB>:10/30, 20/20 and 30/10 M ratios, respectively. The color coordinates have been evaluated from the emission spectra of the glasses and found that the glass with Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>/ZnF<SUB>2</SUB>:30/10 M ratio appears near to the equal energy point. The correlated color temperature matches well to the summer sunlight region (4900–5600 K), indicating that the glasses could be a potential candidate for white light emitting devices.</P>

Changes in the volatile profi le of ‘Fantasia’ nectarines [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, var. nectarina] treated with an enhanced freshness formulation (EFF) containing hexanal

Shanthanu Krishna Kumar,Tom Hern,David Liscombe,Gopinadhan Paliyath,J. Alan Sullivan,Jayasankar Subramanian 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.3

Postharvest technologies play a key role in enhancing shelf life and maintaining quality characteristics of tender fruits, suchas nectarines ( Prunus persica [L.] Batsch var. nectarina). This research investigated the eff ects of an enhanced freshnessformulation (EFF), containing hexanal as the key ingredient, in enhancing the shelf life of fi eld grown nectarines and itseff ects on the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). ‘Fantasia’ nectarine fruits at two commercial orchards inthe Niagara region were subject to preharvest sprays of 2% EFF (15 and 7 days preharvest) and stored at ambient conditions(25 °C) with volatile analyses conducted at 0, 3, 5, 7, and 11 days postharvest. The volatile analysis study indicated for thefi rst time that hexanal is naturally present in nectarine fruit. This was confi rmed by GC–MS analysis and validated withstandards. GC–EIMS analyses of targeted VOCs validated with standards indicated reduced levels of VOCs associated withfruit ripening and fruity odor, such as lactones, in hexanal-treated fruit, and an increased level of C6 compounds associatedwith unripe fruit. Principal component analysis biplot with scores and loadings of the fruit VOCs and quality parametersindicated a tight association between TSS and lactones, which was inversely associated with fi rmness, ground color, acetates,and ester compounds. Pearson correlation coeffi cients also indicated a very high positive correlation between hexanal andlevels of VOCs, such as 1-hexanol, E-2-hexanal, 3-hexanal, hexen-1-ol, and other C6 acetates. These fi ndings may indicatea delay in the ripening process caused by hexanal formulation, which may be associated with modulated expression of keyripening-related volatile pathways, therefore enhancing the shelf life and quality of nectarines.

1.53 μm luminescence properties of Er³⁺-doped K-Sr-Al phosphate glasses

Linganna, K.,Rathaiah, M.,Vijaya, N.,Basavapoornima, Ch.,Jayasankar, C.K.,Ju, S.,Han, W.T.,Venkatramu, V. Ceramurgica ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.41 No.4

<P>Trivalent erbium (Er3+)-doped K-Sr-Al phosphate glasses were prepared and studied their spectroscopic properties as a function of Er2O3 concentration. Judd-Ofelt analysis has been carried out for 1.0 mol% Er2O3-doped phosphate glass and in turn radiative properties have been evaluated for the excited levels of Er3+ ion. The radiative lifetime for the (4)t(13/2) level was found to be higher for the present glass when compared to other Er3+-doped glasses. The Er3+-doped glasses exhibit intense near infrared emission at 1.53 mu m corresponds to I-4(13/2)-> I-4(15/2) transition as well as green emission at 546 nm corresponding to S-4(3/2)-> I-4(15/2) under 980 nm and 488 nm excitations, respectively. The emission cross-section spectrum for 1.0 mol% of Er2O3-doped glass has been evaluated using McCumber theory. The gain cross-section has been evaluated as a function of population inversion, which revealed that the lasing action would be achieved at 1.53 mu m for a population inversion about 40%. Decay curves for the I-4(13/2) level were measured and lifetimes have been determined for the studied glasses. The results indicate that the present glasses could be useful for laser as well as optical amplifiers at 1.53 mu m. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</P>

Luminescence and energy transfer in Dy³⁺/Tb³⁺ co-doped transparent oxyfluorosilicate glass-ceramics for green emitting applications

Dharmaiah, P.,Viswanath, C.S.D.,Basavapoornima, Ch.,Krishnaiah, K.V.,Jayasankar, C.K.,Hong, S.J. Pergamon Press 2016 Materials research bulletin Vol.83 No.-

Transparent oxyfluorosilicate glass-ceramics containing cubic SrF<SUB>2</SUB> nanocrystals doped with Dy<SUP>3+</SUP>, Tb<SUP>3+</SUP>, and Dy<SUP>3+</SUP>/Tb<SUP>3+</SUP> were successfully synthesized by melt quenching followed by heat treatment process. The crystalline phase of SrF<SUB>2</SUB> nanocrystals during heat treatment was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The emission intensity of glass-ceramics is much stronger than that of their parent glasses, on the one hand due to progressive incorporation of Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> and Tb<SUP>3+</SUP> ions within the SrF<SUB>2</SUB> nanocrystals, on the other hand due to an efficient energy transfer from Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> to Tb<SUP>3+</SUP>. Luminescence quantum efficiency of the samples was measured by using an integrating sphere. Luminescence decay curves of the <SUP>4</SUP>F<SUB>9/2</SUB> level were fitted to Inokuti-Hirayama (IH) model for analyzing the energy transfer rates between Dy<SUP>3+</SUP> and Tb<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. The chromaticity coordinates were determined from the measured emission spectra and they are located at the green and white light regions.

Spectroscopic Properties of Yb³⁺-Doped Silicate Glasses

Linganna, Kadathala,Ju, Seongmin,Kim, Bokhyeon,Han, Won-Taek,Venkatramu, Vemula,Jayasankar, Chalicheemalapalli Kulala De Gruyter 2018 Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie Vol.232 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped silicate glasses (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>–Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>–K<SUB>2</SUB>O–ZnF<SUB>2</SUB>) were prepared by a conventional melt quenching technique and their spectroscopic properties were investigated. The emission cross-section was found to be 0.53×10<SUP>−20</SUP>cm<SUP>2</SUP>at 1006 nm from the reciprocity method described by McCumber from the measured absorption spectrum of 1.0 mol% Yb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-doped glass. The lifetime (<I>τ</I><SUB>exp</SUB>) and figure of merit (<I>σ<SUB>em</SUB></I>×<I>τ</I><SUB>exp</SUB>) for the<SUP>2</SUP>F<SUB>5/2</SUB>→<SUP>2</SUP>F<SUB>7/2</SUB>transition of 1.0 mol% Yb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-doped silicate glass, were evaluated to be 0.50 ms and 0.26 cm<SUP>2</SUP>ms, respectively. The other spectroscopic parameters,<I>β</I><SUB>min</SUB>,<I>I</I><SUB>sat</SUB>and<I>I</I><SUB>min</SUB>were found to be 0.17, 29.00 kW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>and 4.90 kW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, respectively. The results indicate that the present Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped silicate glasses could be useful as laser gain media at 1006 nm.</P>