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An evaluation of the exposure in nadir observation of the JEM-EUSO mission
Adams, J.H.,Ahmad, S.,Albert, J.N.,Allard, D.,Ambrosio, M.,Anchordoqui, L.,Anzalone, A.,Arai, Y.,Aramo, C.,Asano, K.,Ave, M.,Barrillon, P.,Batsch, T.,Bayer, J.,Belenguer, T.,Bellotti, R.,Berlind, A.A. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Astroparticle physics Vol.44 No.-
We evaluate the exposure during nadir observations with JEM-EUSO, the Extreme Universe Space Observatory, on-board the Japanese Experiment Module of the International Space Station. Designed as a mission to explore the extreme energy Universe from space, JEM-EUSO will monitor the Earth's nighttime atmosphere to record the ultraviolet light from tracks generated by extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the present work, we discuss the particularities of space-based observation and we compute the annual exposure in nadir observation. The results are based on studies of the expected trigger aperture and observational duty cycle, as well as, on the investigations of the effects of clouds and different types of background light. We show that the annual exposure is about one order of magnitude higher than those of the presently operating ground-based observatories.
Aab, A.,Abreu, P.,Aglietta, M.,Ahn, E. J.,Al Samarai, I.,Albuquerque, I. F. M.,Allekotte, I.,Allen, J.,Allison, P.,Almela, A.,Castillo, J. Alvarez,Alvarez-Muñ,iz, J.,Batista, R. Alves,Ambrosio, IOP Publishing 2014 The Astrophysical journal Vol.794 No.2
<P>Spherical harmonic moments are well-suited for capturing anisotropy at any scale in the flux of cosmic rays. An unambiguous measurement of the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients requires full-sky coverage. This can be achieved by combining data from observatories located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. To this end, a joint analysis using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory above 10(19) eV is presented in this work. The resulting multipolar expansion of the flux of cosmic rays allows us to perform a series of anisotropy searches, and in particular to report on the angular power spectrum of cosmic rays above 10(19) eV. No significant deviation from isotropic expectations is found throughout the analyses performed. Upper limits on the amplitudes of the dipole and quadrupole moments are derived as a function of the direction in the sky, varying between 7% and 13% for the dipole and between 7% and 10% for a symmetric quadrupole.</P>
Luca Ambrosio,Gianluca Vadalà,Javad Tavakoli,Laura Scaramuzzo,Giovanni Barbanti Brodano,Stephen J. Lewis,So Kato,Samuel K. Cho,S. Tim Yoon,김호중,Matthew F. Gary,Vincenzo Denaro 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1
Objective: To evaluate the global practice pattern of wound dressing use after lumbar fusion for degenerative conditions. Methods: A survey issued by AO Spine Knowledge Forums Deformity and Degenerative was sent out to AO Spine members. The type of postoperative dressing employed, timing of initial dressing removal, and type of subsequent dressing applied were investigated. Differences in the type of surgery and regional distribution of surgeons’ preferences were analyzed. Results: Right following surgery, 60.6% utilized a dry dressing, 23.2% a plastic occlusive dressing, 5.7% glue, 6% a combination of glue and polyester mesh, 2.6% a wound vacuum, and 1.2% other dressings. The initial dressing was removed on postoperative day 1 (11.6%), 2 (39.2%), 3 (20.3%), 4 (1.7%), 5 (4.3%), 6 (0.4%), 7 or later (12.5%), or depending on drain removal (9.9%). Following initial dressing removal, 75.9% applied a dry dressing, 17.7% a plastic occlusive dressing, and 1.3% glue, while 12.1% used no dressing. The use of no additional coverage after initial dressing removal was significantly associated with a later dressing change (p < 0.001). Significant differences emerged after comparing dressing management among different AO Spine regions (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Most spine surgeons utilized a dry or plastic occlusive dressing initially applied after surgery. The first dressing was more frequently changed during the first 3 postoperative days and replaced with the same type of dressing. While dressing policies tended not to vary according to the type of surgery, regional differences suggest that actual practice may be based on personal experience rather than available evidence.