환경친화적 유통공간의 소비효용이 재방문의도에 미치는 영향

In-Yeol Paik,강우성 한국유통과학회 2018 유통과학연구 Vol.16 No.2

Purpose – Recently the importance of green consumption and corporate social responsibility has been increasing, thereby enhancing the importance of green consumption space as well. The retail space, as a representative consumption space, is now consuming more energy by introducing bigger retail space, 24-hour operation, cutting-edge equipment, and manless checkout system. Especially for retailers, who are constantly interacting with consumers, not only the economic consideration but also the consumer experience via retail service and physical retail space is crucial for their success. Therefore, this study intends to understand the main factors of motivating consumer perception about green retail space. In addition, we further investigate the mediating and moderating variables to encourage revisit intention and green retail space image. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to test our hypotheses with two models, we conducted a survey using questionnaires. In model 1, 356 respondents were surveyed to determine whether consumers’ green attitudes and behaviors enhance environmentally friendly perception on retail space properties. In model 2, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 69 consumers who have experience in green retail space. Questionnaire surveys were conducted with on-line panels in Korea and analyzed using regression model and Hayes’ PROCESS macro. Results – We found that consumers with green attitude put more importance on the attributes of green retail space. Also, the utility of the green retail space was found to be significant in emotional and social benefits. And, the consumers, who perceived the importance of green retail space, show higher revisit intentions. The emotional and social utilities have significant positive effects on revisit intention through green retail space image. Conclusions – This study demonstrates that a green retail space can induce positive consumer utility, thereby increasing green retail space image and revisit intention. Thus, in order to increase the image and revisit, retailers should communicate green messages with consumers, enhance green attributes of retail space, and target green consumers. To do so, we suggest that various marketing efforts such as publicity and education are needed to appeal experiential green products and retail space to consumers.

FRP로 보강된 신형 소파블록의 정적 성능 실험

백인열(Paik, In-Yeol),오영민(Oh, Young-Min) 한국해안해양공학회 2011 한국해안해양공학회 논문집 Vol.23 No.4

이 연구에서는 신형소파블록을 대상으로 실험 및 수치해석을 수행하여 역학적 성능을 평가하고 적절한 보강재의 배근에 따른 구조성능 향상 효과를 검토하였다. 수치해석을 통하여 신형소파블록에 인장응력이 발생하는 위치와 크기를 예측하여 보강재를 설계하였다. 보강재로는 일반 철근 및 해양환경에 적합하도록 부식과 피로에 장점을 지닌 섬유보강재(FRP)를 사용하였다. 실험을 통하여 보강재가 없는 무근 신형소파블록의 파괴하중은 350 kN으로 소파블록의 자중에 비하여 6.2배로 나타났으며, 철근이나 FRP보로 보강한 실험체는 모두 실험의 최고하중인 900 kN 이상의 강도를 보였다. 위험단면을 통과하는 보강재의 개수는 시공의 편의를 위해서는 굵은 지름의 단일 보강재를 사용하는 것이 유리하지만 가는 지름의 보강재 여러 개를 사용하여 균열 폭을 감소시키는 것이 바람직하다는 결과를 얻었다. In this study the mechanical performance of the new wave dissipating block is evaluated through experiment and numerical analysis. Also, by selecting adequate reinforcement, the improvement of the structural performance is examined. The reinforcement is designed by predicting the amount of tensile force and the location where the tensile stress develops in the new wave dissipating block through numerical analysis. The new wave dissipating block is reinforced with the ordinary steel bars and the fiber reinforced plastic(FRP) bars which have advantages in ocean environment in terms of corrosion and fatigue. The test result shows that the fracture resistance of the un-reinforced concrete block is 350 kN which is about 6.2 times that of the weight of the block. All the test blocks which are reinforced by either steel of FRP bars show strength capacity of over 900 kN which is the maximum load of the test equipment. Although the single reinforcement with larger-diameter bars has advantage in terms of construction convenience, it is recommended to use multiple number of smaller-diameter bars in order to reduce the crack width.

환경친화적 유통공간의 소비효용이 재방문의도에 미치는 영향

백인열(In-Yeol Paik),강우성(Wooseong Kang) 한국유통과학회 2018 유통과학연구 Vol.16 No.2

Purpose – Recently the importance of green consumption and corporate social responsibility has been increasing, thereby enhancing the importance of green consumption space as well. The retail space, as a representative consumption space, is now consuming more energy by introducing bigger retail space, 24-hour operation, cutting-edge equipment, and manless checkout system. Especially for retailers, who are constantly interacting with consumers, not only the economic consideration but also the consumer experience via retail service and physical retail space is crucial for their success. Therefore, this study intends to understand the main factors of motivating consumer perception about green retail space. In addition, we further investigate the mediating and moderating variables to encourage revisit intention and green retail space image. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to test our hypotheses with two models, we conducted a survey using questionnaires. In model 1, 356 respondents were surveyed to determine whether consumers’ green attitudes and behaviors enhance environmentally friendly perception on retail space properties. In model 2, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 69 consumers who have experience in green retail space. Questionnaire surveys were conducted with on-line panels in Korea and analyzed using regression model and Hayes’ PROCESS macro. Results – We found that consumers with green attitude put more importance on the attributes of green retail space. Also, the utility of the green retail space was found to be significant in emotional and social benefits. And, the consumers, who perceived the importance of green retail space, show higher revisit intentions. The emotional and social utilities have significant positive effects on revisit intention through green retail space image. Conclusions – This study demonstrates that a green retail space can induce positive consumer utility, thereby increasing green retail

PSC Ⅰ 거더의 정착부 파열거동 평가

최규천(Choi Kyu Chon),박영하(Park Young Ha),백인열(Paik In Yeol) 대한토목학회 2010 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.30 No.3A

이 논문에서는 경간장이 30 m인 표준 PSC I 거더의 정착부 거동을 평가하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 현재 사용되고 있는 표준 PSC I 거더의 정착부 파열보강철근은 텐던 긴장으로 인한 단부 콘크리트의 응력흐름을 정확히 반영하지 못 한 채 설계되었고, 과대보강으로 인해 콘크리트 타설 시 작업성이 크게 떨어지고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 표준 PSC I 거더와 동일한 단면을 갖는 실험체 3개를 제작하여 인장실험을 수행하였다. 각 실험체의 파열보강철근은 100 ㎜, 200 ㎜, 300 ㎜ 간격의 격자형으로 배근되었다. 실험결과, 파열균열 긴장력은 모든 실험체에서 설계 긴장력의 1.6배 내외로 나타났고, 파열균열은 정착단부 내부에서 수직방향으로 발생하였다. 또한 설계 긴장력의 2.7배까지 긴장력을 도입한 결과, 파열보강철근 간격이 300 ㎜인 실험체의 일부 수평방향 파열보강철근만 항복되었다. 따라서 표준 PSC I 거더의 정착부 파열보강철근은 도로교설계기준에서 제한하고 있는 최대 간격 300 ㎜를 만족시키는 것만으로도 파열력에 대한 안전성을 충분히 확보할 수 있음을 확인하였다. An experimental study to evaluate bursting behavior in anchorage zone of the standard PSC I girders (span length: 30 m) has been carried out. The arrangement of bursting reinforcement in anchorage zone of the standard PSC I girders is considered to be designed without accurately reflecting the stress flows in the end zone of the PSC I girders caused by presstressing forces of the tendons. Also, due to excessive arrangement of the bursting bars, the workability of the girder is decreased greatly. In this study, three specimens with the same dimensions as the end zone of the standard PSC I girder are prepared and the experiment is carried out by applying PS forces. The bursting reinforcement of each specimen consists of 100 ㎜, 200 ㎜, and 300㎜ spacings, respectively. The experimental results show that the range of the PS forces to cause crack in the anchorage zone of the specimen are more than 1.6 times of the design PS forces. The bursting cracks occur in the vertical direction on the inside of all specimens. After applying 2.7 times of the design PS force, some of the transverse bursting reinforcements only in the specimen reinforced by 300 ㎜ spacing yielded. The experimental results show that the anchorage zone of the standard PSC I girders arranged by 300 ㎜ spacing of the bursting reinforcements which is the maximum spacing allowed in the road bridge design specifications, can be considered safe enough.

위내시경(胃內視鏡)으로 진단된 단발성(單發性) 양성위궤양(良性胃潰瘍)과 다발성 양성위궤양(良性胃潰瘍)의 비교관찰

장동익,강진경,박인서,최흥재,백종열 대한소화기학회 1976 대한소화기학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The clinical phenomenon of multiple benign gastric ulcer (MBGU) has been the subject of' a number of investigations documenting its incidence and clinical features but the clinical significance of MBGU is relatively unknown. There was no report about the MBGU in this country. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and the gastrofiberscopic findings of a group of patients with MBGU and to compare them with those of patients wit I single beqign gastric ulcer (SBGU) who were encountered during the sarne interval of time.. During the 4 years and 8 months from Jan. 1971 to Aug. 197v, 338 patients were documented as having benign gastric ulcer based on gastrofiberscopy and the stomach mucosal biopsy under the direct vision at Yonsei Medical Center. The following results were obtained. 1) 227 patients (81.5%) demonstrated SBGU and 61 patients (18.5%) MBGU. The sex ratio of SBGU was 7.7: 1 and MBGU 4.5: 1. 2) 1 he peak incidence of age was 6th decade in SBGU but 4th decade in MBGU. 3) The most common clinical symptoms of the patients was epigastric and upper abdominal pain in both group. The next common one was indigestion in SMGU but nausea or vomiting in MBGU. 4) The duration of clinical symptom was 1/2-1 year (50.2%) in SBGU and below 1/2 year (63.9%) in MBGU. 5) The most frequent site of ulcer was the lesser curvature of the angle and lower body of the stomach in both group. The ulcer in SBGU was large and deep, and in MBGU smal.l and shallow. 6) 48.4% of patients was accurately diagnosed by UGI series in SBGU and only 14.8% in MBGU.

Analysis of Wave Force Induced Dynamic Response of Submerged Floating Tunnel

In Yeol Paik,Chang Kook Oh,Jang Sub Kwon,Sung Pil Chang 대한토목학회 2004 KSCE journal of civil engineering Vol.8 No.5

BWIM Using Measured Acceleration and Strain Data

Paik, In-Yeol,Lee, Seon-Dng,Shin, Soo-Bong The Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing 2011 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.31 No.3

A new BWIM(bridge weigh-in-motion) algorithm using both measured strain and acceleration data is proposed. To consider the effects of bridge vibration on the estimation of moving loads, the dynamic governing equation is applied with the known stiffness and mass properties but damping is ignored. Dynamic displacements are computed indirectly from the measured strains using the beam theory and accelerations are measured directly by accelerometers. To convert a unit moving load to its equivalent nodal force, a transformation matrix is determined. The incompleteness in the measured responses is considered in developing the algorithm. To examine the proposed BWIM algorithm, simulation studies, laboratory experiments and field tests were carried. In the simulation study, effects of measurement noise and estimation error in the vehicle speed on the results were investigated.

RC 부재의 전단설계에서 저항계수체계에 따른 신뢰도지수의 비교

백인열(Paik In Yeol),김대중(Kim Dae Joong),상희정(Sang Hee Jung),황철성(Hwang Chul Sung) 대한토목학회 2007 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

축력과 휨모멘트를 받는 부재의 설계 저항계수 보정을 위한 신뢰도 분석

백인열(Paik, In Yeol),이재훈(Lee, Jae Hoon),방대재(Bang, Dae Jae) 한국콘크리트학회 2007 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.5

PSC Beam 교량의 휨강도 및 전단강도에 대한 신뢰도 분석

백인열(Paik, In Yeol),김대중(Kim, Dae Joong),방대재(Bang, Dae Jae) 한국콘크리트학회 2007 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.11