The Effects of Modified Chin Tuck Exercise on the Cervical Curvature, the Strength and Endurance of the Deep Cervical Flexor Muscles in Subjects with Forward Head Posture

Kang, Hyojeong,Yang, Hoesong Korean Society of Integrative Medicine 2019 대한통합의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chin tuck exercise (CTE) on the craniovertebral angle (CVA), strength and endurance of deep cervical flexor (DCF) muscles in subjects with forward head posture(FHP). This study was performed on 30 subjects with FHP. Method : Thirty subjects were divided into two groups; modified CTE (n=15), conventional CTE (n=15). Both of the group performed the exercise 4 times a week for 6 weeks. The subjects performed CTE in two different methods; modified CTE, with device designed that help keep cervical lordois curve, and coventional CTE, without using device. The CVA was measured using Image software version. A pressure biofeedback unit was used to measure the strength and endurance of the DCF muscles. The data was analyzed by the paired t-test for comparing before and after changes of variables in each group and the independent t-test for comparing the between groups. Result : There was statistically significant difference of before and after strength and endurance of DCF muscles in modified CTE (p<0.05). There was statistically significant difference of before and after only endurance of DCF muscles in conventional CTE (p<0.05). There was statistically significant difference of between the two group in strength of DCF muscles (p<0.05). Conclusion : Muscle strength to stabilize the spine plays an important role in maintaining a good posture. Therefore, we suggest that the application of CTE with a device designed to maintain the lordotic curvature in the neck is likely to yield better outcomes in FHP subjects in future studies.

시설 이전적지 공원화 사업의 공간 재해석 유형 연구

강효정(Kang, Hyojeong) 한국도시설계학회 2014 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.15 No.4

본 연구에서는 국내에서 진행된 시설 이전적지 공원화 사업을 전수 조사하고, 사례들이 기존 장소의 역사성과 정체성을 반영하기 위해 공간을 어떻게 재해석하였는지를 유형별로 살펴보았다. 크게 기존 건조물의 보존 유무로 유형을 분류해 보았는데, 비교적 초기 공원화 사업에서는 기존건조물 파편을 전체 공원 디자인 맥락과 상관없이 유물처럼 보존함으로써 이정표와 같은 방식으로 기존 장소성을 반영하는 모습을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 선유도 공원 이후, 기존 건조물을 적극적으로 보존, 재활용하여 장소에 대한 시간의 켜를 다양화하는 설계 방식이 등장하였고, 최근까지 많은 시설 이전적지 공원화 사업에서 이를 통해 장소의 역사성과 정체성을 반영하는 공간 재해석을 시도하고 있다. 한편, 기존 건조물을 그대로 보존하지 않고, 기존 장소의 흔적을 공원 디자인 요소로 재창조 시키는 은유적인 방법들도 시도되었으며, 좀 더 원초적으로 공원 내 전시시설에 기존 장소에 대한 시간을 사진이나 유물로써 전시하는 방식도 존재한다. 마지막으로 시설이전(移轉) 그 이전(以前)의 시간을 복원함으로써, 그 장소의 정체성을 나타내는 방식이 많은 사례에서 나타났다. 이는 근대 산업시설과 건축물에 대한 부정적인 사고에서 기인된 결과로, 우리나라의 역사적 배경에서 오는 특수성으로 이해된다. In this study, a complete survey was taken of facility relocation site park projects implemented throughout the country and the ways in which each type of space was reinterpreted with regard to the historicity and identity of the existing sites was examined. The types were broadly classified according to whether the existing building was preserved or not. In cases of relatively initial park projects, it was found that characteristics of the existing places were reflected as a kind of milestone by preserving fragments from existing structures as relics, regardless of the design context of the whole park. However, since the Seonyudo park project was implemented, a design type that varies historical layers for each space by aggressively preserving and recycling the existing structures has appeared. Until recently, in many facility relocation site park projects, efforts have been made in the spatial reinterpretation to reflect the historicity and identity of each space. In other cases, metaphorical methods have been tried in order to recreate vestiges of the existing places as park design elements. More originally, there are methods for displaying the history of existing places as photos or relics. Finally, in many cases, there appeared a method for showing the identity of a space by restoring the time before moving a facility. Since this result originated in negative thoughts about modern industrial facilities and structures, it can be understood that it is a particularity caused by the historical background of our country.

전방머리자세 성인을 대상으로 모바일 어플리케이션을 이용한 자세정렬 측정의 신뢰도 및 수렴 타당도 연구

강효정 ( Kang Hyojeong ),김민규 ( Kim Minkyu ),양회송 ( Yang Hoesong ),이완희 ( Lee Wanhee ) 대한통합의학회 2020 대한통합의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Purpose : The aim of this study was to assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability and validity of measurements of head, neck, and pelvis posture using a mobile application in subjects with forward head posture. Methods : Forty-eight volunteers (22 men, 26 women) participated in this study. Two raters independently examined whole body picture images in a lateral standing posture with arms crossed using a CA-Smart Posture Reminder (CA-SPR), and a rater took and calculated posture images twice to assess reliability. We measured five parameters: craniovertebral angle 1 (CVA1), anterior shoulder translation (AST), pelvic tilt (PT), knee angle (KA), and ankle angle (AA) in the subject’s sagittal plane using CA-SPR. We examined whole spine X-ray images in the same position to assess validity. We measured four variables in the subjects: CVA2, translation distance (AHT), anterior pelvic plane (APP), and sacral slope (SS). The intra- and inter-rater reliability were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Convergent validity was calculated using Pearson’ s correlation coefficient. Results : The intra-rater reliability (ICC=.889 -.989) and inter-rater reliability (ICC=.800 -.980) were excellent for all variables measured using CA-SPR. The variables measured using CA-SPR and X-ray were significantly positively correlated (r=.623, p<.01). However, the correlation of the variables in the pelvis was not statistically significant. Conclusion : This study shows that a mobile application (CA-SPR) is a useful tool for measuring head and neck posture in subjects with forward head posture. However, further study is needed to measure pelvic variables when using a mobile application.

한국적 랜드스케이프 어바니즘에 관한 연구

강효정(Kang, Hyojeong) 한국도시설계학회 2013 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.14 No.4

본 연구는 ‘경관’을 후기 산업도시의 재생을 구상할 매체로 보고자 하는 ‘랜드스케이프 어바니즘’ 에 주목하고 있다. 랜드스케이프 어바니즘은 후기 산업화 시대에 점증하고 있는 새로운 도시 공간들이 도시민의 관광과 여가를 위한 복합문화공간으로 재생되는 현상들을 탐구하고 있으며, 나아가 이러한 오늘날의 도시 현상에 대한 직접적인 해답을 줄 수 있는 이론적 논의로 평가되고 있다. 한편 이러한 논의들은 산업화 그리고 후기 산업화를 우리보다 먼저 경험한 서구에서 시작되어 주로 북미 및 유럽을 중심으로 그 논의가 활발하게 진행되었다. 그러나 1990년대 말부터 한국에서도 랜드스케이프 어바니즘이 지향하는 이념에 걸 맞는 프로젝트들이 나타나고 있으며, 최근에는 이와 같은 도시 현상에 대한 담론들 또한 활발해지고 있다. 이러한 현상은 한국뿐만 아니라, 그 동안의 북미 중심의 논의를 벗어나, 이제 다양한 문화권으로 확산되고 있다. 이러한 현 시점에서는 랜드스케이프 어바니즘의 한국에서의 적절한 변용 및 이론의 발전에 대한 논의가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지난 약 20년간 북미 및 유럽의 도시 프로젝트 사례들을 중심으로 정립되어온 랜드스케이프 어바니즘이 “한국적인 상황에서 그 내용의 차이점은 없는가?”, “차이점이 있다면, 적절한 변용 및 발전방향의 제시는 가능한가?” 이러한 질문의 답을 국내 사례들을 통해 살펴봄으로써, 궁극적으로 한국적 랜드스케이프 어바니즘의 전망을 제시하고자 한다. This study focuses on Landscape Urbanism, which views ‘landscape’ as a design medium for mapping out post-industrial urban regeneration. Landscape Urbanism studies the phenomenon of emerging urban spaces in the post-industrial era(brownfields, landfills, etc.) being redeveloped into cultural complexes for citizens’ leisure and sightseeing. It is furthermore conceived as a theoretical discussion that can provide direct solutions to today’s urban circumstances. The discussion first started in the West where the industrialization and post-industrialization spread earlier, which has been actively debated since then in North America and Europe. Since the late 1990s however, Korea has witnessed the implementation of such projects that claim to advocate Landscape Urbanism, and public discourse on those urban phenomena has become popular more recently. These trends are getting prevalent not only in Korea but are spreading in the third world countries beyond North America and Europe. At this point, the time has come that Korea needs to pay more attention to the proper application of Landscape Urbanism and encourage discussions on its theoretical development. In this context, this research attempts to answer the following questions with the ultimate aim of presenting future prospects for Korean Landscape Urbanism: ‘what are the differences between Landscape Urbanism implemented in Korea and the West?’ and and ‘if there’s any, what is the proper means for its application and is it possible to provide guidance on direction of improvement?’

3D 시각적 피드백과 동작관찰을 이용한 운동이 전방머리자세의 자세 정렬과 대뇌겉질 활성도에 미치는 영향

강효정 ( Kang Hyojeong ),양회송 ( Yang Hoesong ),김민규 ( Kim Minkyu ) 대한통합의학회 2020 대한통합의학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise intervention combined with 3D visual feedback and motion observation on postural alignment and cerebral cortical activity in subjects with forward head posture (FHP). Methods : The study included 28 participants with FHP, randomly divided into a 3D visual feedback plus motion observation group (n=14) or control group (n=14). The experimental group received corrective exercise combined with 3D visual feedback and motion observation for FHP, three times a week for four weeks. We examined cervical spine radiographs in the lateral standing position with both arms crossed to measure the craniovertebral angle (CVA) and cervical lordosis (CL). Relative alpha (RA) and beta waves (RB) were measured by wireless dry EEG. Results : The CVA value was significantly different between the groups, and the CL value was significantly different only in the experimental group. RA and RB values were not significantly different before and after intervention in the control group. RB values were significantly decreased before and after intervention in the experimental group. Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, we suggest that interventions combined with motion observation and 3D visual feedback may be effective as exercise methods to improve postural alignment and cerebral activity in subjects with FHP. Further research is required to generalize our results on technical supplementation complemented with 3D visual feedback devices.

머신러닝 기반 E4 라이프로그 데이터를 활용한 수면의 질 예측

강효정(Hyojeong Kang),곽주헌(Juheon Kwak),조원근(Wonkeun Jo),김동일(Dongil Kim) 한국정보과학회 2022 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.06

공정 시뮬레이션을 위한 3D모델과 공정정보의 링크체계 비교 분석에 관한 연구

강효정(Kang, Hyojeong),황재영(Hwang, Jaeyoung),이재희(Lee, Jaehee),이양규(Lee, Yangkyu),강인석(Kang, Leenseok) 대한토목학회 2022 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Multireaction monitoring of 12 peptides for lowered immunity screening.

Kang, Min-Jung,Han, Hyojeong,Kwon, Oh-Seung,Kim, Hyun Ok,Jung, Byung-Hwa Springer-Verlag 2012 Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Vol.404 No.8

<P>A multireaction monitoring method using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for 12 target peptides for determination of endogenous peptide concentrations in human serum. Chromatographic separation conditions were optimized and recoveries for liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction (SPE), and ultrafiltration of endogenous peptides from human serum were compared, and the SPE method was selected for 12 targeted peptide extractions. The optimized SPE method gave recoveries higher than 60 % for all targeted peptides. The limit of detection was 10 ng/ml for most peptides, except for N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (NFMLP) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (18-39). The limit of detection for these two peptides was 1 ng/ml. The real serum samples of 25 elderly and 23 young people were analyzed using the optimized extraction and analysis method. Half of the 12 peptides were below the limit of quantification, and B-type natriuretic peptide, cholecystokinin, ACTH(7-38), substance P, NFMLP, and valyl-glutamyl-prolyl-isoleucyl-prolyl-tyrosine were quantified in the concentration range from 0.1 to 50 ng/ml. The concentration of ACTH(7-38) was significantly higher in elderly people and that of NFMLP was significantly lower in elderly people compared with young people (p < 0.0001). This result implies that there be a possible relationships between ACTH, NFMLP and lowered immunity.</P>

Characterization of In-House Fabricated Four-Channel Array Si PIN Photodetectors for Radiation-based Image Systems

Kang Chang Goo,Kim Su Jin,김병혁,Kim Young Soo,Park Jeong Min,Kim Han Soo,Ha Jang Ho,Choi Hyojeong,Chae Moonsik,Oh Kyungmin,Lee Byeongno,Lee Nam-Ho 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.9

Radiation-based imaging systems comprise multiple radiation sensors that are assembled with coupled Si PIN (positive - intrinsic - negative) photodetectors and scintillators. This paper describes the fabrication and characterization of a four-channel array Si PIN photodetector for security inspection systems. The Si PIN photodetector was fabricated using conventional (CMOS) processes at the Radiation Equipment Fab. The junction depth, passivation, and anti-reflection layer of the photodetector were controlled to maximize the light detection efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio. The spectral responsivity obtained was 0.28 A/W for the cadmium tungstate (CWO) emission at a wavelength of 475 nm. Finally, a line pattern image was acquired using the fabricated Si PIN sensor and a self-developed readout and data acquisition system. The significance of this study is it confirms the feasibility of using the developed array-type Si PIN photodetectors in radiation-based imaging systems.

Substance P and Neuropeptide Y as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Korean Patients

Han, Hyojeong,Seo, Hong Seog,Jung, Byung Hwa,Woo, Kyoungja,Yoo, Young Sook,Kang, Min-Jung Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1

Substance P and neuropeptide Y were discovered as early diagnostic biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction in Korean patients and confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We screened 12 peptides from the sera of Korean acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients and detected 3 peptides (neuropeptide Y, substance P, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) to be elevated from patients' sera by liquid chromatography mass/mass spectrometry. The elevated concentration of 3 peptides was confirmed by ELISA. The screening results revealed the substance P, neuropeptide Y, and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (47-76) concentrations were higher in patients' sera than in healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of substance P for AMI diagnostic marker were 80% and 83%, respectively, and those of neuropeptide Y were 87% and 90%, respectively compared to healthy controls. These results suggest that substance P and neuropeptide Y could be used as early diagnostic biomarkers in patients with AMI.