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Computational fluid dynamics of NiTi stents for Cerebral Aneurysm prevention
Hyo-Geun Nam(남효근),Chang-Min.Yoo(유창민),Jae-Hee Shin(신재희),Min-Ho Hwang(황민호),Seung-Min Baek(백승민),Jung-Hoon Park(박정훈),Jin-Su Jeong(정진수),Jae-Won Lee(이재원),Hyuk Choi(최혁) 대한전자공학회 2016 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.6
Stents are significant medical devices broadly used in the prevention of cerebral aneurysm rupture. The performance of stents depends on their mechanical properties and cell configuration, thus, the aim of this study is the optimization of stent design and test the hemodynamic properties by using computational solid mechanics and computational fluid dynamics. In performance tests, computer-based cerebral aneurysm models of human brain were tested. closed-cell type was selected as the strut configuration, and nitinol was chosen as the material due to its flexibility. Three types of ideal samples with different cell configurations were manufactured. There were over 30% difference in results of flexibility in computational solid mechanics analysis. Moreover, in cerebral aneurysm model simulation, we investigated that stent insertion eased the hemodynamic factors of the cerebral aneurysm and reduced the flow velocity influx into the sac. A reduction in flow velocity led to a 50–60% reduction in wall shear stress, which is expected to aid aneurysm rupture prevention under clinical conditions.
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Characterization of KRC-108 as a TrkA Kinase Inhibitor with Anti-Tumor Effects
( Hyo Jeong Lee ),( Yeongyu Moon ),( Jungil Choi ),( Jeong Doo Heo ),( Sekwang Kim ),( Hari Krishna Nallapaneni ),( Young-won Chin ),( Jongkook Lee ),( Sun-young Han ) 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.4
Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) protein is a receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the NTRK1 gene. TrkA signaling mediates the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of neurons and other cells following stimulation by its ligand, the nerve growth factor. Chromosomal rearrangements of the NTRK1 gene result in the generation of TrkA fusion protein, which is known to cause deregulation of TrkA signaling. Targeting TrkA activity represents a promising strategy for the treatment of cancers that harbor the TrkA fusion protein. In this study, we evaluated the TrkA-inhibitory activity of the benzoxazole compound KRC-108. KRC-108 inhibited TrkA activity in an in vitro kinase assay, and suppressed the growth of KM12C colon cancer cells harboring an NTRK1 gene fusion. KRC-108 treatment induced cell cycle arrest, apoptotic cell death, and autophagy. KRC-108 suppressed the phosphorylation of downstream signaling molecules of TrkA, including Akt, phospholipase Cγ, and ERK1/2. Furthermore, KRC-108 exhibited antitumor activity in vivo in a KM12C cell xenograft model. These results indicate that KRC-108 may be a promising therapeutic agent for Trk fusion-positive cancers.
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Hyo Ju Yang,Soo Yeon Lim,Hyun Soo Kim,Chang Won Choi,Younghwa Jung 대한신생아학회 2023 Neonatal medicine Vol.30 No.3
Purpose: The ratio of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) to placental growth factor (PlGF) is considered a predictive marker of preeclampsia. However, the relationship between the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and perinatal and neonatal outcomes remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the associations of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio with perinatal and neonatal outcomes in newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study reviewed singleton neonates born to mothers with preeclampsia who underwent testing for the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. We investigated the relationship between maternal sFlt-1/PlGF ratios and gestational age (GA), birth weight (Bwt), Bwt z-score, morbidities, and mortality of neonates born to mothers tested for the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. Maternal sFlt-1/PlGF ratios examined within 30 days before delivery were used for analysis. Neonatal morbidities and mortality were investigated only in preterm infants born earlier than 32 weeks GA. Results: A total of 225 neonates were included, of which 163 (72.4%) were preterm infants. GA (R=– 0.577, P<0.001), Bwt (R=–0.713, P<0.001), and Bwt z-score (R=–0.608, P<0.001) exhibited significant negative correlations with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratios. Among the 50 preterm infants born earlier than 32 weeks GA, neonatal morbidities were not significantly associated with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio after adjusting for GA and Bwt. Conclusion: In mothers with preeclampsia, a higher sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was associated with the delivery of newborns with lower GA and lower Bwt. However, this ratio was not associated with increased morbidity or mortality in premature infants born earlier than 32 weeks GA. Purpose: The ratio of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) to placental growth factor (PlGF) is considered a predictive marker of preeclampsia. However, the relationship between the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and perinatal and neonatal outcomes remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the associations of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio with perinatal and neonatal outcomes in newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study reviewed singleton neonates born to mothers with preeclampsia who underwent testing for the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. We investigated the relationship between maternal sFlt-1/PlGF ratios and gestational age (GA), birth weight (Bwt), Bwt z-score, morbidities, and mortality of neonates born to mothers tested for the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. Maternal sFlt-1/PlGF ratios examined within 30 days before delivery were used for analysis. Neonatal morbidities and mortality were investigated only in preterm infants born earlier than 32 weeks GA. Results: A total of 225 neonates were included, of which 163 (72.4%) were preterm infants. GA (R=– 0.577, P<0.001), Bwt (R=–0.713, P<0.001), and Bwt z-score (R=–0.608, P<0.001) exhibited significant negative correlations with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratios. Among the 50 preterm infants born earlier than 32 weeks GA, neonatal morbidities were not significantly associated with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio after adjusting for GA and Bwt. Conclusion: In mothers with preeclampsia, a higher sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was associated with the delivery of newborns with lower GA and lower Bwt. However, this ratio was not associated with incr
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Choi Han Suk,Koo Hyo Bin,Jeon Sung Won,Han Jung Yeon,Kim Joung Sug,Jun Kyong Mi,최용의 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.4
Background: The roots of Panax ginseng contain two types of tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins, namely, protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type saponins and protopanaxatiol (PPT)-type saponins. In P. ginseng, the protopanaxadiol 6-hydroxylase (PPT synthase) enzyme catalyses protopanaxatriol (PPT) production from protopanaxadiol (PPD). In this study, we constructed homozygous mutant lines of ginseng by CRISPR/ Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of the PPT synthase gene and obtained the mutant ginseng root lines having complete depletion of the PPT-type ginsenosides. Methods: Two sgRNAs (single guide RNAs) were designed for target mutations in the exon sequences of the two PPT synthase genes (both PPTa and PPTg sequences) with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Transgenic ginseng roots were generated through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The mutant lines were screened by ginsenoside analysis and DNA sequencing. Result: Ginsenoside analysis revealed the complete depletion of PPT-type ginsenosides in three putative mutant lines (Cr4, Cr7, and Cr14). The reduction of PPT-type ginsenosides in mutant lines led to increased accumulation of PPD-type ginsenosides. The gene editing in the selected mutant lines was confirmed by targeted deep sequencing. Conclusion: We have established the genome editing protocol by CRISPR/Cas9 system in P. ginseng and demonstrated the mutated roots producing only PPD-type ginsenosides by depleting PPT-type ginsenosides. Because the pharmacological activity of PPD-group ginsenosides is significantly different from that of PPT-group ginsenosides, the new type of ginseng mutant producing only PPD-group ginsenosides may have new pharmacological characteristics compared to wild-type ginseng. This is the first report to generate target-induced mutations for the modification of saponin biosynthesis in Panax species using CRISPReCas9 system.
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Choi, Tae Won,Kim, Hyo-Cheol,Lee, Jeong-Hoon,Yu, Su Jong,Kang, Beomsik,Hur, Saebeom,Lee, Myungsu,Jae, Hwan Jun,Chung, Jin Wook The Korean Society of Radiology 2015 KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol.16 No.6
<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of chemoembolization in Child-Pugh class C patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC).</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>The study comprised 55 patients with HCC who were classified as Child-Pugh class C and who underwent initial chemoembolization between January 2003 and December 2012. Selective chemoembolization was performed in all technically feasible cases to minimize procedure-related complications. All adverse events within 30 days were recorded using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). The tumor response to chemoembolization was evaluated using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Thirty (54.5%) patients were within the Milan criteria, and 25 (45.5%) were beyond. The mortality of study subjects at 30 days was 5.5%. Major complications were observed in five (9.1%) patients who were all beyond the Milan criteria: two hepatic failures, one hepatic encephalopathy, and two CTCAE grade 3 increases in aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase abnormality. The mean length of hospitalization was 6.3 ± 8.3 days (standard deviation), and 18 (32.7%) patients were discharged on the next day after chemoembolization. The tumor responses of the patients who met the Milan criteria were significantly higher (<I>p</I> = 0.014) than those of the patients who did not. The overall median survival was 7.1 months (95% confidence interval: 4.4-9.8 months).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Even in patients with Child-Pugh class C, chemoembolization can be performed safely with a selective technique in selected cases with a small tumor burden.</P>
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Hyo Won Lee,Jae Hyun Lee,Ihl-Young Choi Lee Korean Chemical Society 1991 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.12 No.4
A stereocontrolled synthesis of (${\pm}$)-isocomene (1) via selective monoketalization of tricyclo[6.3.0.$0^{1.5}$]undeca-4,7-dione(13) was reported. Grignard reaction of bicyclic enone 10, which was prepared from 2-methyl-1,3-cyclopentadione, gave the 1,4-addition product 11. The subsequent aldol condensation product 12 was converted to mesyl derivative 13. Transformation from 13 to the desired product 19 was achieved by a series of reactions, i.e., the selective monoketalization at C-4 carbonyl group, the elimination of a mesyl group, Birch alkylation, methylation at C-6, the reduction of carbonyl group, the dehydration of alcohol 18, and hydrolysis of the ketal group.
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( Hyo Young Lee ),( Ho Soon Choi ),( Yong Woo Ann ),( Kang Nyeong Lee ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Hang Lak Lee ),( Oh Young Lee ),( Byung Chul Yoon ),( Joon Soo Hahm ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Introduction: Eosinophilic cholangitis (EC) is a rare benign disorder of the biliary tract. This disorder must be distinguished from Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) which can be diffi cult since it is characterized by a dense transmural eosinophilic infi ltration of the bile duct. The biliary tree is one of the most frequently affected extrapancreatic organs in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), and the term “IgG4-related cholangitis” was recently introduced to refer to the biliary manifestation of IgG4-related systemic disease. In this paper, we discuss an 80-year-old man with EC who was initially diagnosed by hilar CCA or AIP. Case Report: A 80-year-old man presented with epigastric discomfort and nausea. There was no history of foreign travel or signifi cant allergic reactions or medications. Laboratory studies revealed an increased eosinophil count (white blood cell count of 8. 4×103/mm3, with 14. 1% eosinophils). Amylase, lipase and Alkaline phosphatase levels were 208U/L, 21U/L and 114U/L. IgE level was 979. 4 IU/mL. Serum IgG level was elevated to 2260 mg/dL, but serum IgG4 was 369. 3 mg/L. Serology test for parasites were negative. Stool specimens showed no ova or cyst. A computed tomography suggested hilar CCA. A magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) revealed multifocal irregular stricture in both intrahepatic ducts, common bile duct (CBD) and pancreatic duct (figure 1). Biopsy at papilla and distal CBD revealed no malignant. Biopsies at stomach and duodenum are consistent with Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (figure 2). Bile cytology shows numerous eosinophils and neutrophils. Oral prednisolone and ursodeoxycholic acid were administered. Thereafter, patient`s symptoms were relieved and abnormal laboratory studies were all normalized and MRCP fi ndings showed improvement of irregular stricture. Conclusion: Although the diagnosis of EC is a diffi cult one, biliary stricture is presented with peripheral eosinophilia, EC should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis.
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