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백서 두개관세포에서 Ipriflavone이 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향
이용승,김영준,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.4
본 연구는 ipriflavone (isopropoxyisoflavone)의 투여가 백서 두개관세포의 증식과 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시도되었다. 태령 20-21일째의 백서 두개관세포를 분리 배양한 후, 10^(-9) M부터 10^(-5) M까지 농도의 ipriflavone을 투여하고 1일째와 3일째에 MTT 분석을 시행하여 흡광도를 평가한 결과, 모든 농도에서 백서 두개관세포의 증식을 보이지 않았다. 한편 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 14일째에 alizarin red염색을 시행하여, 형성된 석회화 결절 면적을 측정하였을 때, 10^(-8) M, 10^(-7) M, 10^(-6) M 농도를 투여한 경우 석회화 결절 형성이 유의하게 증가하였다. 골아세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 ipriflavone을 투여하고 7일째와 14일째에 추출한 RNA를 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응(RT-PCR)을 시켜 bone sialoprotein (BSP), type 1 collagen (COL I), osteocalcin (OCN) 유전자 발현을 관찰한 결과 BSP와 COL I 유전자는 배양 7일째 높은 발현을 보였고, OCN 유전자는 배양 14일째 높은 발현을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과 ipriflavone이 백서 두개관세포에서 석회화를 촉진시키고 골아세포의 분화에 관여하는 BSP, COL I 및 OCN 유전자 발현을 증가시켜 골조직의 개조를 빠르게 할 수 있음을 시사하였다. lpriflavone (isoprofoxyisoflavone), a synthetic derivative from soy isoflavone diazein, has been shown to inhibit bone resorption and perhaps stimulate bone formation. This study was performed to examine the effects of ipriflavone on the proliferation and bone remodeling in rat calvarial cells in vitro. The rat calvarial cells were isolated from fetus aged 20 to 21 days and cultured in BGJb media. The graded concentration of ipriflavone (10^(-9)-10^(-5) M) was administered into cultured cells. When the cell proliferation was estimated through the measurement of MTT assay, there was no increase in cellular proliferation of the rat calvarial cell at any ipriflavone concentration. The cellular activity was evaluated through the formation of mineralized nodules stained by alizarin red. The formation of mineralized nodules significantly increased at concentrations of 10^(-8) M, 10^(-7) M and 10^(-6) M ipriflavone. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses (RT-PCR) were done at 7 and 14 days after culture to detect the expression of Bone Sialoprotein (BSP), Type I collagen (COL I) and Osteocalcin (OCN). As a result, the expressions of BSP and COL I increased of the 7th day of culture and the expression of OCN increased on the 14th day of culture. These results indicate that ipriflavone facilitates the bone remodeling process by promoting rat calvarial cell differentiation and stimulating mineralization through increased expression of extracellular matrix genes, such as BSP, COL I and OCN.
고정식 교정환자에서 치주건강 유지에 대한 전동치솔의 효과
박성준,황현식,이기헌,경승현 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.2
Patients with fixed orthodontic appliances frequently show ineffective plaque control caused by these orthodontic appliances. Although many methods may be helpful in reducing dental plaque formation, optimal mechanical plaque removal and oral hygiene instruction are the most important factors during orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an electric toothbrush, with a specially designed orthodontic brush head, compared to a manual toothbrush on periodontal health in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups, the electric and the manual toothbrush groups, 1 month after attachment of fixed orthodontic appliances. Periodontal status was measured using a plaque index, a gingival index, a bleeding index, a pocket depth and a relative attachment loss, at baseline and after 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Oral hygiene instruction was given according to the type of toothbrush used. The Braun Oral-B Plak Control with Ortho OD 15-1 brush was used as the electric toothbrush while the Butler G. U. M 124 was given as the manual toothbrush. By comparing between the electric and the manual toothbrush groups, the following results were obtained: 1. In the manual toothbrush group, the gingival and bleeding indices showed no statistically significant differences. but the plaque index was significantly decreased (p<0.001) and pocket depth as well as relative attachment loss were significantly increased (p<0.01). 2. In the electric toothbrush group, the bleeding index, pocket depth and relative attachment loss showed no statistically significant differences, but the plaque and gingival indices were significantly decreased (p<0.001). 3. In the case of the plaque, gingival and bleeding indices, there were no statistically significant differences between the electric and the manual toothbrush groups. On the contrary, in the case of pocket depth and relative attachment loss, there were statistically significant differences between the electric and the manual toothbrush groups: an increase in the manual toothbrush groups unlike the electric toothbrush groups keeping the same state (p<0.05). These findings suggest that an electric toothbrush is useful to orthodontic patients with fixed appliances.
Lee, Seung Heon,Jung, Hyeon Jin,Lee, Seung Jun,Theerthagiri, Jayaraman,Kim, Tae Ho,Choi, Myong Yong Elsevier 2020 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.506 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are the most versatile nanomaterials reported to date owing to their unique physiochemical properties as well as promising various applications. Recently, many techniques have been used for the synthesis of Au NPs. In this study, various types of Au NPs were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) using the following four solvents: methanol, deionized (DI) water, hexane, and acetonitrile. Pulsed laser ablation in methanol and DI water is used for the synthesis of bare Au NPs, as photocatalysts. Au NPs showed an enhanced catalytic activity toward the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. Interestingly, Au NPs prepared by PLAL using hexane and acetonitrile were encapsulated with graphitic carbon (GC) layers (Au@GC), where the solvent was used as a carbon source for the GC layers. In contrast to bare Au NPs, Au@GC NPs exhibited no catalytic activity due to the protective GC layers formed on Au NPs. On the other hand, Au@GC NPs demonstrated a high corrosion resistance against strong acids. The present study revealed that the PLA of Au plate in various liquid medium is a facile method for the synthesis of excellent catalytic or acid resistant Au NPs with a unique surface structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Bare Au nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by PLA in methanol and DI water. </LI> <LI> Au@graphitic carbon (GC) NPs were prepared by PLA in hexane and acetonitrile. </LI> <LI> Catalytic activity was observed by only bare Au NPs, but no activity by Au@GC NPs. </LI> <LI> GC layers were formed only on small Au NPs (< ~50 nm) due to carbon solubility. </LI> <LI> Acid treatment is an easy and simple way for the preparation of small Au@GC NPs. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
뇌졸중 환자들을 위한 한국어판 Modified Rivermead Mobility Index의 측정자간 신뢰도와 동시 타당도
안승헌 ( An Seung-heon ),이규창 ( Lee Gyu-chang ),이경봉 ( Lee Kyeong-bong ),이동건 ( Lee Dong-geon ),송선해 ( Song Sun-hae ),표승현 ( Pyo Seung-hyeon ) 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2016 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.55 No.4
본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 환자의 Modified Rivermead Mobility Index(MRMI)의 측정자간신뢰도와 동시 타당도를 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 뇌졸중 환자 42명을 대상으로 하였다. MRMI의 측정자간 신뢰도(Inter-rater reliability)를 알아보기 위해 대상자들은 MRMI를 이용한 검사에 2회 참여하였다. 또한, MRMI의 동시 타당도를 알아보기 위하여 수정된 기능적 보행 지수(Modified Functional Ambulation Category, MFAC), 수정된 5m 보행 속도 검사, 일어나 걸어가기 검사(Timed Up & Go test, TUG), 버그 균형 척도(Berg Balance Scale, BBS), 수정된 바델 지수(Modified Barthel Index, MBI), 그리고 퓨글 마이어 평가(Fugl Meyer Assessment, FMA)에 참여하였다. MRMI의 측정자간 일치율은 급간내 상관계수(Intraclass correlation coefficient; ICC), 내적일치도(Cronbach`s α), 가중치 카파 계수(Weighted Kappa coefficient)를 이용하였고, MRMI의 개별 항목과 총점 간의 관계는 스피어만 상관 계수(Spearman Correlation Coefficient)를 이용하였다. 또한 MRMI의 표준오차 측정(Standard Error Measurement, SEM)과 최소 감지 변화(Minimal Detectable Change, MDC)를 구하였다. MRMI의 동시 타당도는 MFAC, 수정된 5m 보행 속도 검사, TUG, BBS, MBI, FMA와의 관계를 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결과, MRMI의 측정자간 일치율은 가중치 카파계수 .64∼.84, MRMI 개별항목과 총점 간의 상관계수는 r=.89∼.96, MRMI의 Cronbach`s α 계수는 .97, 개별 항목을 삭제한 경우에도 평균 .96∼.97로 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 또한, MRMI 총점의 ICC는 .97(.94∼.98), SEM은 1.32점, MDC는 3.66점으로 매우 신뢰할 만 수준으로 나타났다. MRMI의 동시 타당도에서 MFAC(r=.64), 수정된 5m 보행 속도 검사(r=.73), TUG(r=-.76), BBS(r=.83),MBI(r=.83), FMA(r=.56∼.59) 등과 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 게다가, 대상자들의 이동성은 실제 3.6점 이상 변화될 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통해 MRMI는 높은 측정자간신뢰도와 동시 타당도가 있는 것으로 확인되었고, 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 이동성을 평가하는데 있어 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity of the Modified Rivermead Mobility Index(MRMI) for stroke survivors. 42 stroke patients were participated in the study. The MRMI was administered in 2 testing sessions. Inter-rater reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient; ICC), Internal consistency, and Weighted Kappa coefficient were used to examine the level of agreement between raters. For scale the item-total correlation and alpha if each item was deleted were calculated. Also we used to the Absolute reliability indices, including the Bland and Altman method, the standard error of measurement(SEM), and the Minimal Detectable Change(MDC). The concurrent validity was examined by correlating results to Modified Functional Ambulation Category(MFAC), 5m Walking Test(5mWT), Timed Up & Go test(TUG), Berg Balance Scale(BBS), Modified Barthel Index(MBI), Fugl Meyer Assessment(FMA). The mRMI meets the following requirements; 1) Inter-rater exact agreement for separate items was between Weighted Kappa=.64-.84. 2) The item-to-total correlations were all significant, ranging from r=.89∼.96(p < .01). MRMI showed good internal consistency(Cronbach`s α=.97). Individual items also possessed high internal consistency .96∼.97. Inter-rater reliability was excellent for ICC2,1=.97(.94~.98) for mRMI summary score and excellent SEM and MDC were 1.32, 3.66 respectively. 3) The mRMI were demonstrated high concurrent validity with the FAC(r = .84), the 5m WT(r = .73), TUG(r = -.76), BBS(r = .83), MBI(r = .83), and FMA(r = .56 ~ .59 p < .01). In addition, there needs to be a difference of more than 3.6 points(MDC score) in the overall score to detect true change in the subjects level of mobility. The MRMI makes it feasible to measure changes in mobility in routine clinical practice with high inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity.