Two cases of ketosis-prone diabetes mellitus in Korean adolescents

Won Bin Hwang,Ji Hyun Kim,Sung Min Choi 대한소아내분비학회 2019 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.24 No.4

In recent years, reports of diabetes mellitus (DM) cases that do not fit the traditional classification system have increased in prevalence. While insulin deficiency appears as type 1 DM (T1DM), the new type also has the clinical features of type 2 DM (T2DM); as such, this new type of DM is called ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) and is correlated with findings of severe hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. To provide a clear, clinical classification of DM, new classification systems are being studied. Among these, the Aβ system demonstrates the highest sensitivity and specificity in predicting clinical features and prognosis. We report 2 cases of KPD in Korean pediatric patients. The first patient was referred while in a state of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and was considered to have T1DM. However, their blood glucose was well-controlled even with small doses of insulin, and the treatment was able to be changed to metformin therapy. The second patient seemed to be a typical case of T2DM because of his obesity and strong family history. However, blood glucose was not well-controlled with a regular diet, and ketosis occurred. After performing a glucagon stimulation test, both patients showed different clinical features that were finally diagnosed as type A-β+ KPD. The rapid and accurate diagnosis of KPD can reduce the duration of inappropriate insulin use and improve patients' quality of life. Further, the treatment of KPD children should be individualized according to each patient’s lifestyle to preventing recurrent DKA.

Time-Course of Changes in Phosphorylated CREB in Neuroblasts and BDNF in the Mouse Dentate Gyrus at Early Postnatal Stages

Hwang, In Koo,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Yoo, Dae Young,Choi, Ji Won,Lee, Choong Hyun,Choi, Jung Hoon,Yoon, Yeo Sung,Won, Moo-Ho Springer-Verlag 2011 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.31 No.5

The Method for the Temperature Monitoring in a Reduction Gear of the High-Speed Railway

Ji-Seong Hwang,Seok-Jin Kwon,Dong-Hyong Lee,Jung-Won Seo 한국도시철도학회 2013 IJAR Vol.1 No.3

A reduction gear is commonly used in automobile or rolling stock drivelines to reduce the high rotational speeds of the engine or motor. It is important to monitor conditions of the reduction gear because accident caused by its problems is closely related with vehicle running stability. In the reduction gear, problems are caused by results from diverse factors as either external or internal such as the defect of bearing, problems of the lubricant oil, high-load of the railway, and a frequent impact generated by the rail joint. The technique which is monitoring temperature is one of the basic methods of diagnosis for the abnormal condition in the reduction gear as well as other objects. Monitoring of the temperature can be easy to install on the device without changes to its design and identify its condition in real time. However, Temperature Monitoring System is slow to react to the changes of the condition due to their location and characteristics. This paper describes a new method for the temperature diagnosis of the abnormal condition of the reduction gear. IC-type temperature sensors are installed the reduction gear box of high-speed railway in service. The temperature data of the reduction gear is acquired and analyzed while running rolling stock. Temperature Monitoring System frequently monitors the temperature of the reduction gear by using proposed methods such as Limited temperature monitoring, Ratio of the change of temperature monitoring and Reaction time temperature monitoring, etc. And diagnosis methods can be used for maintenance or alarmed to a driver when the problem occurred. These results are expected to use basic research material for diagnostics system of the different kinds of railway in the future.

Investigational study on the population of feral cats in Pyeongtaek city, 2019

Ji Yeon Kim,Young-Ah Lee,Chae Eun Chun,Hye-Won Lee,Eun Jung Jo,Bo Ram Hwang,Moon Seok Yoon,Eun Jin Bae,Jeong-Hwan Yoon,Yeon-sook Jho,Soo Jung Lee,Jin Soo Han 한국예방수의학회 2021 예방수의학회지 Vol.45 No.1

Feral cats are widely considered to be leading the potential impacts on public health. This study aimed to provide estimates of vital data for feral cats relating Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) to establish strategies effectively to manage feral cats in Pyeongtaek. Thus, this study focused on estimating feral cat population in Pyeongtaek and conducted a comparative analysis of the data for feral cats in Seoul (2013). The number of feral cats was estimated from 23,069 to 26,655 in Pyeongtaek, 2019. In relation to human population, when comparing the number of feral cats of Pyeongtaek and Seoul, it ranged from 4.57% to 5.28%, and from 1.97% to 2.55% respectively. This showed that Pyeongtaek was higher than Seoul. Fewer kittens were found in high-density areas, which the TNR project is believed to be generally effective in controlling the number of feral cats. In conclusion, in urban and rural complexes such as Pyeongtaek City, the number of feral cats compared to the population was higher than that of Seoul City, and the TNR program is believed to be somewhat effective in controlling the number of feral cats. When implementing TNR, it is necessary periodically to investigate the population and reflect them in policymaking.

Mechanism underlying NO-induced apoptosis in human gingival fibroblasts

Hwang, In-Nam,Jeong, Yeon-Jin,Jung, Ji-Yeon,Lee, Jin-Ha,Kim, Kang-Moon,Kim, Won-Jae KOREAN ACADAMY OF ORAL BIOLOGY 2009 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.34 No.1

Nitric oxide (NO) acts as an intracellular messenger at the physiological level but can be cytotoxic at high concentrations. The cells within periodontal tissues, such as gingival and periodontal fibroblasts, contain nitric oxide syntheses and produce high concentrations of NO when exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharides and cytokines. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying NO-induced cytotoxicity in periodontal tissues are unclear at present, In our current study, we examined the NO-induced cytotoxic mechanisms in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Cell viability and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined using a MTT assay and a fluorescent spectrometer, respectively. The morphological changes in the cells were examined by Diff-Quick staining. Expression of the Bcl-2 family and Fas was determined by RT-PCR or western blotting. The activity of caspase-3, -8 and -9 was assessed using a spectrophotometer. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, decreased the cell viability of the HGF cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. SNP enhanced the production of ROS, which was ameliorated by NAC, a free radical scavenger. ODQ, a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor, did not block the SNP-induced decrease in cell viability. SNP also caused apoptotic morphological changes, including cell shrinkaee, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation. The expression of Bax, a member of the Proapoptotic BcI-2 family, was upregulated in the SNP-treated HGF cells, whereas the expression of Bcl-2, a member of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, was downregulated. SNP augmented the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol and enhanced the activity of caspase-8, -9, and -3. SNP also upregulated Fas, a component of the death receptor assembly. These results suggest that NO induces apoptosis in human gingival fibroblast via ROS and the Bcl-2 family through both mitochondrial- and death receptor-mediated pathways. Our data also indicate that the cyclic GMP pathway is not involved in NO-induced apoptosis.

NFAT1 and JunB Cooperatively Regulate <i>IL-31</i> Gene Expression in CD4⁺ T Cells in Health and Disease

Hwang, Ji Sun,Kim, Gi-Cheon,Park, EunBee,Kim, Jung-Eun,Chae, Chang-Suk,Hwang, Won,Lee, Changhon,Hwang, Sung-Min,Wang, Hui Sun,Jun, Chang-Duk,Rudra, Dipayan,Im, Sin-Hyeog The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2015 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.194 No.4

<P>IL-31 is a key mediator of itching in atopic dermatitis (AD) and is preferentially produced by activated CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells and Th2 cells. Although pathophysiological functions of IL-31 have been suggested in diverse immune disorders, the molecular events underlying <I>IL-31</I> gene regulation are still unclear. In this study we identified the transcription start site and functional promoter involved in <I>IL-31</I> gene regulation in mouse CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells. TCR stimulation–dependent IL-31 expression was found to be closely linked with in vivo binding of NFAT1 and JunB to the <I>IL-31</I> promoter. Although NFAT1 alone enhanced <I>IL-31</I> promoter activity, it was further enhanced in the presence of JunB. Conversely, knockdown of either NFAT1 or JunB resulted in reduced <I>IL-31</I> expression. NFAT1-deficient CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells showed a significant defect in <I>IL-31</I> expression compared with wild-type CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells. In agreement with these findings, mice subjected to atopic conditions showed much higher levels of IL-31, which were closely correlated with a significant increase in the number of infiltrated NFAT1<SUP>+</SUP>CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells into the AD ears. Amelioration of AD progression by cyclosporin A treatment was well correlated with downregulation of IL-31 expressions in CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells and total ear residual cells. In summary, our results suggest a functional cooperation between NFAT1 and JunB in mediating <I>IL-31</I> gene expression in CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells and indicate that interference with this interaction or their activity has the potential of reducing IL-31–mediated AD symptoms.</P>

Simultaneous detection and differentiation of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae by multiplex PCR in honeybee

Ji-Young Choi,Jong-Gill Kim,Young-Cheol Choi,Won-Tae Kim,Gil-Sang Jeong,Seok-Jo Hwang 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation among Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae in honeybee. Three sets of primers were selected from different genomic sequences to specifically amplify a 831 bp amplicon within the SSU rRNA gene, specific for both N. apis and N. ceranae (MSSR primer); a 375 bp amplicon within the SSU rRNA gene, specific for N. apis (NA primer); and a 1,131 bp amplicon with in SSU rRNA gene, specific for N. ceranae (NC primer). Using the primers in conjunction (multiplex PCR) we were able to N. apis and N. ceranae and to differentiate between them. The sensitivity of this PCR assay was approximately 102spores per milliliter. We proposed that the multiplex PCR was sensitive, specific and rapid tool that can serve as a useful differential diagnostic tool for detecting N. apis and N. ceranae in honeybee.

Effect of Salviae Radix extract on renal function in cisplatin-intoxicated rabbits

Hwang, Won Man,Jeong, Ji Cheon 대한한방성인병학회 1999 韓方成人病學會誌 Vol.5 No.1

이전 연구에서 단삼추출물이 강력한 항산화 효과를 가지고 있음을 확인한바 있어 본 연구에서는 항암제인 cisplatin에 의해 유발된 시장기능 장애가 단삼추출물에 의해 방지될 수 있는 지를 조사하였다. 토끼에 cisplatin을 5㎎/㎏ 되게 복강내 주사하여 급성신부전을 유발하였고, 단삼추출물의 효과는 cisplatin을 주사하기 전 7일 동안 0.05%액 0.3 g/㎏용량을 구강을 통해 먹여 관찰하였다. Cisplatin을 주사하기 전 24시간 동안 요와 혈액을 채취하여 신장기능을 측정하여 대조시간 (basal period)의 값으로 하였고, cisplatin을 주사한 수 24시간 동안 요와 혈액을 얻어 cisplatin에 의한 신장기능 변화를 평가하였다. Cisplatin 처리에 의해 사구체여과율이 현저하게 감소하였고, 혈청내 creatinine 농도가 현저하게 증가되었다 이러한 결과들은 cisplatin 주사가 급성신부전을 유발하였음을 가르킨다. Cisplatin을 주사한 토끼의 신장에서 포도당 및 인산의 배설분율이 증가함으로서 신세뇨관 물질의 재흡수가 저해되었으며, 지질의 과산화가 증가하였다. 단삼추출물을 전 처리한 수 cisplatin을 주사한 경우 cisplatin에 의해 유발된 사구체여과율의 감소와 혈청내 cisplatin 농도증가 현상이 완화되었다. Cisplatin에 의한 세뇨관에서 물질의 재흡수장애가 단삼추출물의 전처치에 의해 방지되었다. 단삼추출물은 cisplatin에 의한 지질의 과산화를 억제하였다. 신피질절편을 이용한 실험관내 실험을 통해 cisplatin은 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)유출을 증가시켰으며, 동시에 지질의 과산화를 증가시켰다. 이러한 증가는 단삼추출물에 의해 방지되었는데, 그 효과는 항산화제들과 유사하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 cisplatin에 의한 급성신부전의 유발과정에 지질의 과산화가 중요한 역할을 할 가능성을 보이고 있으며, 단삼추출물은 cisplatin에 의한 신장기능 장애 및 지질의 과산화를 방지하였다. 이러한 단삼추출물의 방지 효과는 항산화 작용에 기인할 것으로 思料된다.

An FE Based On-line Model for the Prediction of Work Roll Thermal Profile in Hot Strip Rolling

Ji Won Choi,Jung Hyeung Lee,Cheng Gang Sun,Sang Moo Hwang 한국소성가공학회 2010 기타자료 Vol.2010 No.6

Prediction and control of the thermal deformation of the work roll is vital for enhancing product quality in hot strip and plate rolling. In this paper, we present an on-line model for the prediction of the work roll thermal profile. The model is developed on the basis of an integrated finite element model for the coupled analysis of heat transfer and deformation occurring at the bite zone, to rigorously take into account the effect of various rolling parameters on the thermal behavior of the work roll. The validity of the model is demonstrated through comparison with measurements made in an industrial hot strip mill. Also, an emphasis is given to the examination the effect of some selected rolling parameters in an actual production environment.

Metabolomics approach to serum biomarker for loperamide-induced constipation in SD rats

Ji-Eun Kim,Young-Ju Lee,Moon-Hwa Kwak,Go Jun,Eun-Kyoung Koh,Sung-Hwa Song,Ji-Eun Seong,Ji Won Kim,Kyu-Bong Kim,Suhkmann Kim,Dae-Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2014 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.30 No.1

Loperamide has long been known as an opioid-receptor agonist useful as a drug for treatment of diarrhea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease as well as to induce constipation. To determine and characterize putative biomarkers that can predict constipation induced by loperamide treatment, alteration of endogenous metabolites was measured in the serum of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats treated with loperamide for 3 days using ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectral data. The amounts and weights of stool and urine excretion were significantly lower in the loperamide-treated group than the Notreated group, while the thickness of the villus, crypt layer, and muscle layer was decreased in the transverse colon of the same group. The concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine (Cr) were also slightly changed in the loperamide-treated group, although most of the serum components were maintained at a constant level. Furthermore, pattern recognition of endogenous metabolites showed completely separate clustering of the serum analysis parameters between the Notreated group and loperamide-treated group. Among 35 endogenous metabolites, four amino acids (alanine, glutamate, glutamine and glycine) and six endogenous metabolites (acetate, glucose, glycerol, lactate, succinate and taurine) were dramatically decreased in loperamide-treated SD rats. These results provide the first data pertaining to metabolic changes in SD rats with loperamide-induced constipation. Additionally, these findings correlate the changes in 10 metabolites with constipation.