Controlling the drug-resistant tuberculosis epidemic in India: challenges and implications

Aliabbas A,Husain1,Andreas Kupz,Rajpal S,Kashyap 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

India has a higher tuberculosis (TB) burden than any other country, accounting for an estimated one-fourth of the global burden. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) presents a major public health problem in India. Patients with DR-TB often require profound changes in their drug regimens, which are invariably linked to poor treatment adherence and sub-optimal treatment outcomes compared to drug-sensitive TB. The challenge of addressing DR-TB is critical for India, as India contributes over 27% of global DR-TB cases. In recent decades, India has been proactive in its battle against TB, even implementing a revised National Strategic Plan to eliminate TB by 2025. However, to achieve this ambitious goal, the country will need to take a multifaceted approach with respect to its management of DR-TB. Despite concerted efforts made by the National TB Elimination Program, India faces substantial challenges with regard to DR-TB care, especially in peripheral and resource-limited endemic zones. This article describes some of the major challenges associated with mitigating the growing DR-TB epidemic in India and their implications.

Study of density of localized states in a-Ga x Se100-x alloysusing SCLC measurements

M. Husain,Shagufta B. Husain,M. Zulfequar,M.A. Majeed Khan 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.5

DC conductivity measurements have been made as a function of temperature and electric eld on a-GaxSe100-x (0≤x≤10)samples, in order to study the eect of the electric eld and temperature on the conduction mechanism. The present paper reports themeasurements on space charge limited conduction (SCLC) in vacuum evaporated amorphous thin lms of a-GaxSe100-x where 0≤x≤10. At high fields (~10⁴V/cm), the current could be tted to the theory of space charge limited conduction, in case ofuniform distribution of localized states in the mobility gap of these materials. The addition of Gallium (Ga) in a-GaxSe100-x results in an increase in the density of localized states and hence an increase in conductivity.

Comparative toxicity study on classical and modified version of Jawarish Jalinoos (a traditional Unani formulation) in rats

Gulam Mohammed Husain,Syed Shoeb Ahmed,Misbahuddin Azhar,Javed Inam Siddiqui,Mohammad Abdul Waheed,Munawwar Husain Kazmi 한국한의학연구원 2017 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.6 No.1

Background: Jawarish Jalinoos (JJ) is a classical semisolid traditional Unani formulation clinically used for the treatment of weakness of vital organs, liver, and stomach. Although JJ has been widely used clinically for several decades, no scientific report is available for its safety. Methods: JJ and its sugar-free tablet version (SFJJ; formulated to target diabetic population) were assessed for safety in rats. Ninety-day repeated dose oral toxicity study was performed as per the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guideline 408. JJ was orally administered at the dose of 2000 mg/kg bw/d, whereas SFJJ was orally administered at the doses of 506 mg/kg body weight (bw)/d, 1012 mg/kg bw/d, and 2024 mg/kg bw/d for 90 days. The animals were periodically observed for clinical signs of toxicity, mortality, morbidity, body weight changes, and feed consumption. At the end of the study, hematology, clinical biochemistry, electrolytes, gross pathology, relative organ weight, and histological examination were performed. Results: Treatment with SFJJ and JJ showed no significant differences in body weight gain, feed consumption, hematology, clinical biochemistry, and serum electrolytes. No gross pathological findings and differences in relative organ weights were observed between control and drug treated rats. Histological examination revealed no toxicologically significant abnormalities related with SFJJ or JJ treatment. Conclusion: The 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study demonstrates that the no observed adverse effect level of SFJJ and JJ is greater than 2024 mg/kg bw/d and 2000 mg/kg bw/d (p.o.) in rats, respectively. Both formulations were found to be safe up to the tested dose levels and experimental conditions, and therefore safe for clinical use as specified in the literature.

Performance Assessment of Tuning Methods for PID Controller Parameter used for Position Control of DC Motor

Husain Ahmed,Dr. Abha Rajoriya 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.7 No.5

In this paper, a comparison is made for tuning methods of PID controller to improve the performance of the position control system of DC motor. Firstly, the PID controller is tuned using conventional Ziegler –Nichols method and then by using Simulink Response Optimization tool box available in MATLAB software. Further, Fuzzy gain scheduling of PID controller is investigated in which fuzzy rules are utilized on-line to adapt the PID controller parameters based on the error and its first time derivative. The result shows that the gain scheduling scheme for DC motor position control system have presented superior performance compared to other methods.

Growth Performance of Black Bengal Goats in Different Regions of Bangladesh

Husain, S.S.,Horst, P.,Islam, A.B.M.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1997 Animal Bioscience Vol.10 No.5

The growth performance in the first year of life of 892 Black Bengal kids was studied in four different locations in Bangladesh, e. g. (1) Bhabakhali, (2) Trisal, (3) Aishara and (4) Akhrail. Birth weight of kids of region 1, 2 and 3 were almost similar (1.01 kg) with significantly lower birth weight in region 4 (0.88 kg). Effect of birth type and sex were significant with higher weights for single (1.03 kg) v. twin (0.98 kg) v. triplet (0.92 kg) and male kids (1.03 kg) v. female (0.93 kg). Monthly weights of kids followed the same pattern as birth weight. Monthly weights of kids in region 1, 2 and 3 were similar with significantly lower weight for region. 4 Birth type and sex affected monthly weights in different regions where single and male kids had significantly higher weights for all the regions. The analysis of variance reveals that regional significant differences for average daily gains were noticed for the periods from birth to 3 and 9 to 12 months of age. The highest gains were noticed for region 2 ($51.9{\pm}2.4kg$) and the lowest for region 1 ($38.2{\pm}2.3kg$) with similar values for region 4. From the results it is revealed that growth performance of Black Bengal kids varied in different regions, which might be caused by inappropriate management and inadequate feed availability around the year and stressful environmental conditions.

ON VARIATIONAL PROBLEMS INVOLVING HIGHER ORDER DERIVATIVES

HUSAIN, I.,JABEEN, Z. 한국전산응용수학회 2005 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.17 No.1

Fritz John, and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions for a constrained variational problem involving higher order derivatives are obtained. As an application of these Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, Wolfe and Mond-Weir type duals are formulated, and various duality relationships between the primal problem and each of the duals are established under invexity and generalized invexity. It is also shown that our results can be viewed as dynamic generalizations of those of the mathematical programming already reported in the literature.

MIXED TYPE DUALITY FOR A PROGRAMMING PROBLEM CONTAINING SUPPORT FUNCTION

Husain, I.,Jabeen, Z. 한국전산응용수학회 2004 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.15 No.1

A mixed type dual to a programming problem containing support functions in a objective as well as constraint functions is formulated and various duality results are validated under generalized convexity and invexity conditions. Several known results are deducted as special cases.

Alkaloids from The Roots of Tabernaemontana Macrocarpa Jack

Husain, Khairana,Said, Ikram M.,Din, Laily B.,Takayama, Hiromitsu,Kitajima, Mariko,Aimi, Norio The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1997 Natural Product Sciences Vol.3 No.1

The roots of Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Jack (Apocynaceae) yielded nine indole alkaloids which were identified as coronaridine (2), voacangine hydroxy-indolenine (3), 3-oxo-coronaridine (4), 19-R-heyneanine (7), coronaridine pseudoindoxyl (8) and voacangine pseudoindoxyl (9) while 3-(2-oxopropyl)-coronaridine (1), 3-(2-oxopropyl)-coronaridine-pseudoindoxyl (5) and 3-(2-oxopropyl)-voacangine-pseudoindoxyl (6) were isolated as artefacts formed during the isolation process. All of the alkaloids were identified by spectroscopic methods $(UV,\;MS,\;^1H-NMR\;&\;^{13}C-NMR)$ and in comparison with the literature data.

파키스탄의 투자환경

Husain, Javid 충남대학교 아시아지역연구소 1997 아시아지역연구 Vol.1 No.-

학자, 지식인, 사업가, 공무원 관계자들이 모여 계신 빛나는 이 자리에 저에게 파키스탄의 투자 환경에 관해 연설의 기회를 마련해 주신 충남도청과 충남대학교 아시아 지역 연구소에 대단히 감사드립니다. 지난달에 있었던 충남대학교의 아시아 지역연구소의 개설을 축하드립니다. 저는 아시아 지역연구소가 한국과 아시아 각국과의 우호증진과 국제적 관심사에 관한 이해증진에 매우 중요한 요체가 될 것이라는 것을 의심치 않습니다. 이번 기회를 빌어 이번 심포지움을 주관하시는 심 대평 지사님과 아시아지역 연구소장이신 유 병주 교수님, 서남아시아지역 책임자이신 이 규승 교수님께 감사를 드리며 이번 심포지움이 한국과 파키스탄 양국의 협력과 이해에 앞으로도 가교역할을 할 것을 확신합니다.

Analysis of Material Flow and Heat Transfer in Reverse Dual Rotation Friction Stir Welding: A Review

Husain Mehdi,R. S. MISHRA 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.2

This review paper provides an over view of the modelling approach of reverse dual rotation friction stir welding (RDR-FSW) by interpreting governing mathematical equations and fi nite element formulation of heat transfer and material fl ow for diff erent material like Mild steel and Aluminum alloy with the help of DEFORM-3D and ANSYS Fluent software. RDR-FSW is a novel variant of conventional FSW process. The key feature is that the tool pin and the assisted shoulder rotates reversely and independently during the process, thus, it has great potential to improve the weld quality and lower the welding loads through adjusting the rotating speeds of the tool pin and the assisted shoulder independently. This review concludes with recommendation for future research directions.