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Feeding and related morphology of salivary glands of Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae)
Huan-Huan Gao,Yi-Fan Zhai,Xue Cao,Xian-Hong Zhou,Zhong-Yan Wang,Fang Wang,Hao Chen,Yi Yu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.2
The amount of Bradysia odoriphaga larval feeding at each developmental stage and the related morphology of salivary glands were investigated in this study. The amount of daily feeding in the third instar was greatest among all the developmental stageswhile the amount of cumulative feeding in the fourth-instar accounted for 53.56% of the total amount of larval feeding. The daily amount of feeding by B. odoriphaga during the whole larval stage peaked in the 8th and 14th day after hatching. The paired and transparent salivary glands of B. odoriphaga were characterized by two distinct regions: an anterior region and a posterior region. At the fourth-instar and pupal stage, the length of salivary glands decreased significantly compared with that of the third-instar, and the integrity of epithelium cytoplasm in the salivary glands also decreased markedly because of the formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles and degradation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. We concluded that the decrease of daily feeding amount in the last instar was related to the structural change of salivary gland closely. The function of salivary glands in B. odoriphaga was mainly secretion of silk and cocooning-like materials during the last larval instar.
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Relationship between squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and the position of dental prosthesis
Fan, Huan,Yoon, Ki-Yong,Kim, Soung-Min,Myoung, Hoon,Lee, Jong-Ho,Kim, Myung-Jin The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.2
PURPOSE. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue has a relatively high incidence of all oral cancers. Some studies have reported a relationship between intraoral dental prosthesis and SCC of the tongue; however, this relationship remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between SCC of the tongue and the positional aspects of dental prosthesis using a retrospective analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 439 patients with SCC of the tongue were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Patients were treated over a 12.5-year period ranging from January 1, 2001 to June 30, 2013. Statistical analysis was performed to examine potential differences between the groups. RESULTS. The number of patients with a crown and/or a bridge (134, 63.5%) was significantly different than the number of patients without a prosthesis (77, 36.5%). Even after accounting for different types of prostheses such as crowns, bridges, and dentures, no significant differences were observed between the position of the prosthesis and the location of the SCC of the tongue, with significance defined as a P-value less than .05 by the Pearson-Chi square test. CONCLUSION. Patients with crowns and/or bridges exhibited more frequent SCC of the tongue compared with patients without these prosthesis. These data support the hypothesis that mechanical trauma and galvanic phenomena play a role in the etiology of SCC of the tongue.
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Huan-Huan Gao,Nan Xu,Hao Chen,Qian Liu,Qian-Yun Pu,Dong-Yun Qin,Yi-Fan Zhai,Yi Yu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1
Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is one of the very few Drosophila species which are able to lay eggs and feed on healthy ripening fruit. Adults and larvae are all able to obtain the nutrition in the decaying food, which will generate many microorganisms. However, the relationship between D. suzukii and microorganism is poorly understood. In this study, 13 species of fungi were identified in an artificial diet fed by D. suzukii. Short-term and continuously life table experiments were conducted to determine the impact of three of these fungus species including Geotrichum candidum, Talaromyces minioluteus and Actinomucor elegans on the growth and development of Drosophila suzukii. Results revealed that, compared to the control, G. candidum, T.minioluteus and A. elegans increased the mortality of D. suzukii adults in the short time, while extended the developmental time of pupal D. suzukii by 18.00%, 16.22% and 26.44%, respectively in the life table experiment. T. minioluteus reduced the total longevity of D. suzukii by 15.52%, while A. elegans enhanced the total longevity by 25.96%. G. candidum and A. elegans increased the fecundity bymore than two folds. T. minioluteus elongated the mean generation time (T) by 31.34%, whereas G. candidum shortened it by 15.26% but increased the net reproductive rate (R0) by 217.76%, intrinsic rate of increase (r) by 88.89% and finite rate of increase (λ) by 9.17%. It was concluded that G. candidumand A. elegans significantly had the beneficial effect on the growth and reproduction of D. suzukii, however, T. minioluteus had the negative effect on D. suzukii. Our results could provide a new integrated pest management strategy for D. suzukii which would be discussed in this study.
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( Huan Luo ),( Ya Qun Tao ),( Xiao Yan Fan ),( Sang Keun Oh ),( Hong Xue Lu ),( Jian Xin Deng ) 한국균학회 2018 Mycobiology Vol.46 No.2
In 2016, a severe leaf spot disease was found on Iris ensata Thumb. in Nanjing, China. The symptom was elliptical, fusiform, or irregularly necrotic lesion surrounded by a yellow halo, from which a small-spored Alternaria species was isolated. The fungus was identified as Alternaria iridiaustralis based on morphological characteristics. The pathogenicity tests revealed that the fungus was the causal pathogen of the disease. Phylogenic analyses using sequences of ITS, gpd, endoPG, and RPB2 genes confirmed the morphological identification. This study is the first report of A. iridiaustralis causing leaf spots on I. ensata in China.
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Huan Zhang,Kuijun Zhao,Dong Fan 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3
β-N-acetylglucosaminidase plays an important role in insect chitin degradation. In this study, a novel cDNA sequence encoding β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (MbNAG) was cloned from cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae L. The cDNA sequence, which was 2445 bp in length, contained an open reading frame of 1782 bp coding for a polypeptide of 594 amino acid residues. The MbNAG open reading frame was cloned into the pET-21b prokaryotic expression vector, and then over-expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. After purification and renaturation, the β-N-acetylglucosaminidase enzymatic activity was detected. Transcript analyses on MbNAG sequence during different developmental stages and in specific tissues were carried out by RT-qPCR. The MbNAG mRNA level was significantly higher of the second day in the prepupal stage than at any other time and occurred mainly in the midguts and salivary glands compared with in other tissues, including fat bodies, integuments, malpighian tubules, foreguts and hindguts during the feeding stage of the 5th instar larvae. The highest expression level of MbNAG mRNA occurred 48 h after an in vivo injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone. RNA interference reduced the MbNAG mRNA expression level 60% at 48 h and 67% at 72 h, respectively, and induced both abnormal molting phenotypes and a high mortality rate in M. brassicae larvae. These results suggest that MbNAG plays an essential
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Fan Yu,Xi Gan,Yi Zhou,Huan Zhong,Jun Xiao,Jinpeng Yan,Yongju Luo 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.6
It has been shown that piRNA is the largest class of small non-coding RNA in germline cells of animals which plays key roles in transposons regulation and transcriptional activities. In the present study, piRNAs from two small RNA libraries including ovary and testis of Nile tilapia were identified and characterized. By length and k-mer based small RNA prediction algorithm, 279,059 and 583,230 small RNA reads were confirmed as piRNA from ovary and testis, respectively. The identified piRNAs showed evolutionarily conserved characterization, such as uridine bias in the 50 ends. The 142,961 and 296,775 piRNAs from ovary and testis were mapped to the draft assembly of the tilapia genome, respectively. Both ovary and testis piRNAs were enriched from linkage (LG)6 and LG7. Meanwhile, the even distribution of ?strand and -strand suggested the Ping–pong pathway (a double-displacement reaction of ?strand and -strand) hypothesis. These piRNAs were derived from the upstream -2 kb and downstream ?2 kb as well as gene regions which suggested a regulatory function on transcription activities. In gene regions, abundant piRNAs were derived from 50UTR, 30UTR and CDS. Furthermore, we characterized the differentially expressed piRNAs between ovary and testis. In total, 1979 and 2453 piRNAs were significantly higher and lower expressed in ovary compared to that in testis, respectively. Thereinto, the most concentrated up-regulate and down-regulate piRNAs were both from serine/threonine– protein kinase PIM genes of different transcripts. These findings will be helpful to facilitate studies on the piRNAs regulation on genes during gonad development of teleosts.
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Experiences of East Asian International Counseling Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Ye Luo,Huan Chen,Liesl Hecht,Shuhui Fan,Yuan-Hsuan Lai 한국상담학회 2023 Journal of Asia Pacific counseling Vol.13 No.1
International counseling students, especially those from East Asia, were more vulnerable during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic than their domestic counterparts. In the current study, we explored the lived experiences of ten master’s level East Asian international counseling students (EAICS) during the COVID-19 pandemic using a phenomenological design. Four overarching themes emerged from the analysis: (a) transition in COVID-19 pandemic, (b) being culturally minoritized, (c) positive experiences of the counseling program, and (d) positive action. The critical role of the academic community in supporting this marginalized group against racism and xenophobia and practical ways of facilitating EAICS’s professional development are discussed.
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Guo-Wei Fan,Xue-Ying Lv,Ying Song,Huan-Yu Zhao,Liu Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.8
Nonparallel ground track imaging of optical remote sensing satellite is an efficient imaging mode which could realize one-time transit imaging of complex observation tasks due to its fast and flexible imaging capability, and has attracted more attentions in the earth observation field recently. In this paper, an off-line attitude trajectory planning and on-line moving horizon attitude tracking control scheme based on optimal control idea is designed to satisfy the imaging requirement of high-performance attitude control oriented to nonparallel ground track imaging. Considering the entire satellite attitude adjustment of the drift angle, based on the geometric relationship of sapce vectors and the coordinate transformation principle, the three-axis attitude calculation of the precise pointing of key feature targets in the interested ground curve strip is conducted. Taking the attitude orientation as the constraint, the pseudospectral method is used following the established agile satellite control model to design the optimal trajectory of the attitude manever and the feedforward control torque of actuator for nonparallel ground track imaging. A moving horizon tracking control law based on the nonlinear error control model is designed to realize the highprecision attitude tracking control. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme are illustrated by numerical and imaging simulations.
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