Daoist Thought through Symbols Observed in the Architecture of Tu An Hieu Nghia Pagodas and Temples from the Tri Tôn District, An Giang Province

NGUYEN Trung Hieu,NGUYEN Phuoc Tai DAOS(The Daesoon Academy of Sciences) 2023 Journal of Daesoon Thought and the Religions of Ea Vol.2 No.2

Daoism was introduced into the South-West of Vietnam via two main entries: the missionaries from North and Central Vietnam who migrated to the South by following the Southward movement and the spread of Daoism by Chinese migrant men who came and settled in the South-West of Vietnam from the late seventieth century to late nineteenth century. However, the biggest influence of Daoism in the Southwest of Vietnam was mainly the Chinese missionaries of Daoism. As time went by, together with the impacts of social and historical circumstances, Daoism had a strong influence on the lives of the South-West people in terms of different aspects, especially their faith and religions. The impact of Daoism into people's faith and religion was considerable, especially to the indigenous religions, of which the religion, Four Debts of Gratitude, is a representative example. With the aims of clarifying how Four Debts of Gratitude was influenced by Daoist thought and how the indigenous religions and systemized ideologies in the South-West of Vietnam were related during the period of living condition expansion as well as cohabitation of several ethnic groups in the region, this article focuses on Daoist thought expressed in typical symbols in the sacred architecture of the Four Debts of Gratitude such as Cổ Lầu, wine gourds, and the Eight Trigrams. Once properly examined, it becomes clear that the prominent symbols and other Daoist elements show that Daoism had a profound influence on the Four Debts of Gratitude.

Urchin-like nanowire array: a strategy for high-performance ZnO-based electrode utilized in photoelectrochemistry

Hieu, Hoang Nhat,Dung, Nguyen Quoc,Kim, Jimin,Kim, Dojin The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Nanoscale Vol.5 No.12

<P>The electrodes in photoelectrochemical cells responsible for the generation of hydrogen and oxygen by water splitting have been intensively studied because of their high photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. The morphology of nanostructures with these high-efficiency electrodes was systematically compared with the morphology of ZnO structures with vertically aligned nanorod arrays (NA), hollow hemisphere arrays (HA), urchin-like (UL) nanorod arrays, and thin films (TF). The UV-vis light absorption, photoresponse (current-voltage characteristics in the dark and under light), and photoelectrochemistry of the electrodes were measured. The highest photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 65% at a specific UV wavelength for an electrode with a ZnO UL structure was derived from the UL morphology of high light-trapping efficiency and carrier collection efficiency. The UL morphology also produced a photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 4.5% under a solar simulator by CdS-sensitization of the ZnO UL electrode. The value was the highest observed thus far among the ZnO-based electrodes. We demonstrated that photoresponse measurement is a practical and simple technique for the estimation of the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of an electrode.</P>

Mouse models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and their application to new drug development

Hieu Huy Phung,Chang Hoon Lee 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.11

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is oneof the important liver diseases currently attracting attentionin liver research and drug development. Appropriatemouse models should be used to identify the mechanismsunderlying the pathogenesis and progression of NASH inhumans and to evaluate the effi cacy of anti-NASH agentsunder development to treat this disease. In this review, wefi rst summarised recent histopathology and pathogenesis ofNASH in humans, including the concept of resolution ofinfl ammation. We also examined whether these characteristicsof NASH in humans are adequately refl ected in mousemodels. Through this review, we identifi ed the usefulnessand limitations of mouse models widely used in research onNASH. Mouse models can be divided into three main types:diet models, chemical models using toxic compounds, andgenetic models using genetically transgenic mice. Genotypemodels are likely suitable for evaluating anti-NASH compoundsbecause fi brosis, which is considered an importantindex to determine the drug effi cacy of NASH inhibitors, israpidly induced in genetic models. Using these models, weintroduced some selected cases of NASH inhibitor development. This review aims to enhance the understanding of thepathogenesis of NASH and provide a basis for successfullyselecting and utilising appropriate animal models of NASHin the development of eff ective inhibitors.

Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Curcumin-Loaded Polycaprolactone-Polyethylene Glycol Nanofibers for Enhanced Wound Healing

Hieu Trung Bui,박준서,정옥희,Joseph Dela Cruz 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.12

This study focused on the development of biomedicated electrospun nanofiber mats for preventing woundinfections and accelerating wound healing. Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers-loaded curcumin (Cur) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) were generated by an electrospinning technique. The change in surface morphology of the electrospunnanofibers to porous surface after immersion was obtained by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM). The biological characteristics of the Cur-loaded PCL-PEG nanofiber mats such as cell viability, cellattachment, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, and in vivo wound healing capability were examined. The blending of PEG with PCL resulted in the formation of pores on the nanofibers after immersion, which supportscell viability and proliferation. The mouse myoblast cell line C2C12 showed about 80% viability on the Cur-loadedPCL-PEG nanofiber mat. SEM images showed that the cells could extremely attach and spread out over the surfaceof the Cur-loaded PCL-PEG nanofiber mat. The inclusion of 0.5 wt% Cur (with respect to PCL) in both the PCLand PCL-PEG blended nanofiber mats inhibited excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 mousemacrophages and exhibited good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In vivo woundhealing showed that the treatment using Cur-loaded PCL-PEG nanofiber mat significantly increased the rate ofwound closure (99%) on day 10 as compared that using PCL nanofiber mat (59%). These results suggest that thePCL nanofiber matrix containing Cur and PEG can facilitate wound healing with cell proliferation and anti-inflammatoryproperties.

Electrospun nanofibers with a core-shell structure of silicon nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes in carbon for use as lithium-ion battery anodes

Hieu, N.,Suk, J.,Kim, D.,Park, J.,Kang, Y. Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.36

Performance Enhancement of SLFNs in Classification by Reducing Effect of Outliers

Hieu Trung Huynh,Yonggwan Won 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7

In this paper, an approach for outlier reduction is proposed to enhance the classification performance of the single-hidden layer feed-forward neural networks (SLFNs). Outliers in the data set are detected based on the distribution on every feature, in which scores are assigned to patterns. Patterns detected as outliers based on these scores will contribute very little in estimating the weights of SLFNs. The experimental results show that, the proposed approach can obtain high accuracy with fast learning speed if there exist outliers in the training set.

Optimization of a zinc oxide urchin-like structure for high-performance gas sensing

Hieu, Hoang Nhat,Vuong, Nguyen Minh,Jung, Hyuck,Jang, Dong Mi,Kim, Dojin,Kim, Hyojin,Hong, Soon-Ku The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.3

<p>Zinc oxide (ZnO) hollow hemisphere (HS) and urchin-like (UL) structures were fabricated and examined for application to a gas sensor. Films of hollow ZnO-HS arrays floating over substrates were synthesized <I>via</I> Zn sputtering onto the template of a polystyrene sphere array followed by oxidation. Growing ZnO nanorods upon HS surfaces <I>via</I> a hydrothermal method formed hollow ZnO–UL structures. The thicknesses of the HS films and the lengths of nanorods in the UL structures were varied to obtain the maximum response to NO gas. Both sensor structures showed a sensing of tens of parts per billion of levels of NO concentrations with good response and gas selectivity. The highest response was realized through the thinness and the open porosity of the structures. The surface depletion determined the sensor response signal for the sensor geometry with the highest response.</p> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A very high sensing performance with urchin-like hierarchical morphology of ZnO nanowires is observed <I>via</I> diameter control and open porosity. <img src='http://pubs.rsc.org/ej/JM/2011/c1jm13696h/c1jm13696h-ga.gif'> </P>

Impact of Direct Tax and Indirect Tax on Economic Growth in Vietnam

Hieu Huu NGUYEN 한국유통과학회 2019 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.6 No.4

Tax can be categorised into direct tax and indirect tax. This paper uses the ordinary least-squares regression method to study the impact of direct and indirect tax on economic growth in Vietnam in the period 2003-2017. Statistical data is collected from the Ministry of Finance of Vietnam. Theoretically, tax generates the state budget revenue and is a tool to regulate the economy. The results of statistical tests show that tax has a positive impact on Vietnam's economic growth. However, the effects of direct tax and indirect tax are different. The indirect tax has a positive influence and promote Vietnam's economic growth, while the impact of the direct tax is invisible. There has not been sufficient evidence to confirm that the indirect tax has a more positive impact than the direct tax. To promote economic growth, Vietnam needs to restructure its tax system towards: (1) Increasing the proportion of indirect tax, reducing the proportion of direct tax in the state budget revenue; (2) Expanding tax bases; (3) Reducing tax rates of corporate income tax and personal income tax; (4) Increasing tax rates of environmental protection tax, natural resources tax, value added tax and excise tax on some types of goods which harm health and environment.

The Impact of State Budget Revenue on Economic Growth: A Case of Vietnam

Hieu Huu NGUYEN 한국유통과학회 2019 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.6 No.4

This paper is intended to study the relationship between state budget revenue and economic growth in Vietnam. The ordinary leastsquares regression method is used with secondary data collected from General Statistics Office of Vietnam in the period of 20002017. Vietnamese state budget revenue includes domestic revenue (excluding oil revenue), oil revenue, custom duty revenue, and grants. The testing result shows that the state budget revenue has a positive correlation with economic growth of Vietnam. However, the components of state budget revenue have different levels of impact on the economy. Domestic revenue and oil revenue are statistically significant and have a positive effect on the economy, while the impact of custom duty revenue and grants on the economy is invisible. Vietnamese state budget revenue should be restructured toward the sustainability and by way of boosting the economy, specifically: (1) Increase the proportion of domestic revenue to state budget revenue and domestic revenue should be based on the ground of production and business activities rather than collection from state-owned assets; (2) Reduce the proportion of custom duty revenue and grants to state budget revenue; (3) Keep the volume and ratio of oil revenue in state budget revenue at an appropriate proportion.

WEAK AND STRONG CONVERGENCE OF SUBGRADIENT EXTRAGRADIENT METHODS FOR PSEUDOMONOTONE EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS

Hieu, Dang Van Korean Mathematical Society 2016 대한수학회논문집 Vol.31 No.4

In this paper, we introduce three subgradient extragradient algorithms for solving pseudomonotone equilibrium problems. The paper originates from the subgradient extragradient algorithm for variational inequalities and the extragradient method for pseudomonotone equilibrium problems in which we have to solve two optimization programs onto feasible set. The main idea of the proposed algorithms is that at every iterative step, we have replaced the second optimization program by that one on a specific half-space which can be performed more easily. The weakly and strongly convergent theorems are established under widely used assumptions for bifunctions.