Taste components analysis of Hypsizygus marmoreus with high quality fruiting body production by using larch sawdust

Akira Harada,Seiki Gisusi,Shozo Yoneyama 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.4

[Introduction] Larix kaempferi (Larch), rich biomass in Hokkaido, is available as an inexpensive medium for mushroom production. We have previously developed a variety of Hypsizygus marmoreus with high ability to utilize larch sawdust without watering, Hm 219 (Marbure 219) with high fruit-body yield and high score of sensory evaluation, was selected. In this study, we investigated the effects of supplements to larch sawdust-based medium on taste components of fruit-bodies of Hm 219. [Materials and methods] The strain of H. marmoreus used in this study was Hm 219, the stock culture of Hokkaido Research Organization Forest Products Research Institute. Each 850 ml plastic bottle containing 540 g of larch sawdust-based substrate, was used for cultivation. Moisture content of each medium was adjusted to 61% based on the fresh weight of the mixture of solid materials. The substrate substituted with 0-40% of supplements (wheat bran, soybean curd residue and soybean shell) for rice bran as a nutrient, were used for cultivation. Cultivation was conducted by the standard procedure reported earlier (Harada et al., 2004). The harvested fruit-bodies were freeze-dried to determine the chemical composition. Soluble sugars, free amino acids and 5’-nucleotides were extracted with hot water from freeze-dried powder. These soluble components were determined by using HPLC. [Results] As a result, fruit-body yields on the substrate substituted with 20% of soybean shell for rice bran as a nutrient, were about 20% higher than those on the substrate with rice bran only. According to the replacement rate of soybean curd residue increasing , morphological quality of fruit-body tended to decline. As major free amino acids in fruit-body, monosodium glutamate-like (MSG-like) components which gave the umami taste, including aspartic acid and glutamic acid, and sweet components including alanine, threonine and serine were detected. As flavor 5’-nucleotides, GMP and IMP were found. In fruit-body of H. marmoreus, with respect to major soluble sugars, mannitol and trehalose were mainly contained. Each taste component content indicated differences among the different supplements to larch sawdust-based medium. The equivalent umami concentration (EUC ) is the concentration of MSG equivalent to the umami intensity of that given by the mixture of MSG and the 5’-nucleotide (Lee, Yu-Ling et al., 2009). The EUC value in a cultivation condition was more 15% higher than that of control condition. [References] Harada, A. et al. (2004) Effects of strain and cultivation medium on the chemical composition of the taste components in fruit-body of Hypsizygus marmoreus. Food Chemistry, 84, 265-270. Lee, Yu-Ling et al. (2009) Composition and non-volatile components of Hypsizygus marmoreus, LWT- Food Science and Technology, 42, 594-598.

ALMOST RELATIVE PROJECTIVES

HARADA, MANABU TOPOLOGY AND GEOMETRY RESEARCH CENTER 1993 Proceedings of the Topology and Geometry Research Vol.4 No.1

Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of hematologic Malignancy : Fukuoka Experience

Harada, Mine Chonnam National UniversityResearch Institute of 1995 Chonnam journal of medical sciences Vol.8 No.1

On Reduced Juxtaposition in Japanese

Harada, Yasunari 서울대학교 어학연구소 1991 語學硏究 Vol.27 No.1

Reduced juxtaposition is a construction in Japanese that is somewhat similar to non-constituent coordination in English. Syntactic and semantic rules are proposed for dealing with this ellipsis within a phrase-structure-based approach to natural language grammar description.

A simple combined floating and anchored collagen gel for enhancing mechanical strength of culture system

Harada, Ichiro,Kim, Sung-Gon,Cho, Chong Su,Kurosawa, Hisashi,Akaike, Toshihiro Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Vol.a80 No.1

<P>In this study, a simple combined method consisting of floating and anchored collagen gel in a ligament or tendon equivalent culture system was used to produce the oriented fibrils in fibroblast-populated collagen matrices (FPCMs) during the remodeling and contraction of the collagen gel. Orientation of the collagen fibrils along single axis occurred over the whole area of the floating section and most of the fibroblasts were elongated and aligned along the oriented collagen fibrils, whereas no significant orientation of fibrils was observed in normally contracted FPCMs by the floating method. Higher elasticity and enhanced mechanical strength were obtained using our simple method compared with normally contracted floating FPCMs. The Young's modulus and the breaking point of the FPCMs were dependent on the initial cell densities. This simple method will be applied as a convenient bioreactor to study cellular processes of the fibroblasts in the tissues with highly oriented fibrils such as ligaments or tendons. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007</P>

Precision of predicted 3D numerical solutions of vortex-induced oscillation for bridge girders with span-wise varying geometry

Harada, Takehiko,Yoshimura, Takeshi,Tanaka, Takahisa,Mizuta, Yoji,Hashiguchi, Takafumi,Sudo, Makoto,Miyazaki, Masao Techno-Press 2004 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.7 No.1

A method of numerical analysis without conducting 3D wind tunnel model tests was examined in our previous study for predicting vortex-induced oscillation of bridge girders with span-wise varying geometry. The aerodynamic damping forces measured for plural wind tunnel 2D models were used in the analysis. A further study was conducted to examine the precision of solution obtained by this method. First, the responses of vortex-induced oscillation of two rocking models and a taut-strip bridge girder model with span-wise varying geometry were measured. Next, the responses of these models were numerically analyzed by means of this method, and then a comparison was made between the obtained $Vr-A-{\delta}_a$ contour diagram of each 3D model in the wind tunnel test and the diagram in the numerical analysis. Since close correlations were observed between each two $Vr-A-{\delta}_a$diagrams obtained in the model test and in the analysis in cases where the 3D model did not have strong three-dimensionality, our findings revealed that the predicted solution proved to be reasonably accurate.

HIGH STRENGTH LANDFILL LEACAHTE TREATMENT USING SUBMERGED FIXED FILM AND ELCTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION

( Harada Hiroyiki ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1

A high strength land fill leachate treatment employing two submerged filters was studied using an experimental laboratory model. Design for criteria of nitrification and denitrification are presented fro two submerged filters. Maximum nitrification and de nitrification rates were about 1.5 gNH₄-N andNOx-N g/㎡/d/. COD and BOD removal efficiency was about 60 % and 9 0%, respectively. The pre treatment and post treatment were chosen single sludge system and electrochemical oxidation. The adequate recycle ratio and hydraulic retention time with stability in a single sludge was 6: 1 and 6 hr, respectively. With low consumption required for electrolysis, the average COD removal rate of submerged filters effluent was 70%. Consequently, the total removal efficiency in regard to nitrogen, BOD and COD were about 90 %,95 %, and 80 %, respectively.

전기 화학적 산화와 수중 고정막을 이용한 높은 농도의 매립지 침출수 처리

( Harada Hiroyiki ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.2

두가지의 수중 고정막을 이용한, 높은 농도의 매립지 침출수 처리를 실험실 규모로 수행하였다. 질산화와 탈질산화의 정밀한 설계는 두개의 수중 막으로 실행되었다. 최대 질산화와 탈질산화 비율은 1.5gNH₄-N 과 NOx-Ng/m²/d/였다. COD 와 BOD 제거 효율은 각각 약 60%와 90%이다. 전처리와 후처리는 단일 슬러지 시스템과 전기화학적 산화로 선정하였다. 단일 슬러지의 안정성을 고려하여, 충분한 재순환 비율과 수압의 지체 시간은 각각 6:1 과 6 시간이다. 소비를 적은 전기 분해는, 수중막 효율의 평균 COD 제거 비율이 70%이다. 결과적으로 질소, BOD, COD 각각의 총 제거효율은 약 90%, 95%, 80%이다. A high strength land fill leachate treatment employing two submerged filters was studied using an experimental laboratory model. Design for criteria of nitrification and denitrification are presented fro two submerged filters. Maximum nitrification and de nitrification rates were about 1.5 g NH₄-N and NOx-N g/m²/d/. COD and BOD removal efficiency was about 60 % and 90%, respectively. The pre treatment and post treatment were chosen single sludge system and electrochemical oxidation. The adequate recycle ratio and hydraulic retention time with stability in a single sludge was 6: 1 and 6 hr, respectively. With low consumption required for electrolysis, the average COD removal rate of submerged filters effluent was 70%. Consequently, the total removal efficiency in regard to nitrogen, BOD and COD were about 90 %,95 %, and 80 % respectively.

Addressing the Issue of "Guhan": an Empirical Approach

Harada,Yutaka 江原大學校 比較法學硏究所 1996 江原法學 Vol.8 No.-

Prediction of Axial Thrust for Mixed-Flow Pumps with Vaned Diffuser by Using CFD

Harada, Ichiro,Kobayasi, Katsutoshi,Ono, Shigeyoshi 한국유체기계학회 2010 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.3 No.2

It is important in pump design that the axial thrust of mixed-flow pump is predicted with high accuracy. In this paper, predictions of the axial thrust were carried out with CFD for mixed-flow pumps of three specific speeds. The region concerning the axial thrust prediction was picked out, and was divided into two parts. One of them was hydraulic part, which included the impeller and the vaned diffuser. The other was the rear part of impeller. These parts were calculated and evaluated individually. The CFD results were compared with experimental ones. They showed good agreements. It is shown that the axial thrust for a mixed-flow pump can be predicted by using CFD with practical accuracy.