Lactobacillus casei Zhang Prevents Jejunal Epithelial Damage to Early-Weaned Piglets Induced by Escherichia coli K88 via Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Integrity, Tight Junction Proteins and Immune Factor Expression

( Yuying Wang ),( Xue Yan ),( Weiwei Zhang ),( Yuanyuan Liu ),( Deping Han ),( Kedao Teng ),( Yunfei Ma ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.6

Farm animals such as piglets are often affected by environmental stress, which can disturb the gut ecosystem. Antibiotics were commonly used to prevent diarrhea in weaned piglets, but this was banned by the European Union due to the development of antibiotic resistance. However, the use of probiotics instead of antibiotics may reduce the risk posed by pathogenic microorganisms and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus casei Zhang on the mechanical barrier and immune function of early-weaned piglets infected using Escherichia coli K88 based on histomorphology and immunology. Fourteen-day-old weaned piglets were divided into a control group and experimental groups that were fed L. casei Zhang and infected with E. coli K88 with or without prefeeding and/or postfeeding of L. casei Zhang. The L. casei Zhang dose used was 107 CFU/g diet. Jejunum segments were obtained before histological, immunohistochemical, and western blot analyses were performed. In addition, the relative mRNA expression of toll receptors and cytokines was measured. Piglets fed L. casei Zhang showed significantly increased jejunum villus height, villus height-crypt depth ratio, muscle thickness, and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin. The use of L. casei Zhang effectively reduced intestinal inflammation after infection. We found that L. casei Zhang feeding prevented the jejunum damage induced by E. coli K88, suggesting that it may be a potential alternative to antibiotics for preventing diarrhea in early-weaned piglets.

회화적 관점에서 본 요양(遠陽)지역 후한(後漢) 묘실벽화(墓室壁晝)의 특징

장함 ( Zhang Han ) 단국사학회 2023 史學志 Vol.63 No.-

벽화는 미술의 한 분야로 제작 당시의 시대적 상황과 미술적 특징을 모두 반영하고 있다는 점에서 역사적으로 미술사적으로 매우 중요한 연구 가치를 지니고 있다. 요양(遠陽)지역의 경우 무덤에 벽화가 그려지기 시작한 것은 후한(後漢)대부터이며, 이후 위진(魏晉)시기까지 이어지고 있다. 그동안 요양지역 후한 묘실벽화 연구는 대부분 역사학과 고고학 분야에 집중되어 있었고, 미술사 혹은 미술학적 관점에서의 연구는 극소수였다. 이에 본 논문에서는 미술학적 연구 방법에 입각하여 벽화의 전체적인 소재, 조형, 색깔, 회화 기법 등을 분석하고, 그 특징을 찾아내어 무덤 벽화의 미술사적 의미를 찾아보고자 한다. 본 연구는 요양지역 후한 벽화무덤 중 비교적 벽화가 잘 남아있는 구성동문리벽화묘(舊域東門襄壁晝墓), 북원1호벽화묘(北園號壁晝墓), 봉자대1호벽화묘(棒子臺1號壁晝墓), 삼도호거기벽화묘(三道壞車騎壁晝墓)를 대상으로 하였다. 이들 벽화의 특징을 분석해 본 결과 한나라 묘실벽화의 제작 기법이 대부분 그대로 적용되고 있으나, 일부 색채와 구도, 회화기법 등에서 차이점이 존재하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. Mural painting is a field of art and has a very important research value in art history in that it reflects both the situation of the times at the time of production and the characteristics of art. In the case of the Liaoyang(遼陽) area, murals began to be painted on the tombs from the Later Han Dynasty(後漢) to the Weijin Dynasty(魏晉). Until now, most of the research on tomb murals after recuperation has been concentrated in the fields of history and archaeology, and very few studies have been done from an art history or art perspective. Therefore, this paper analyzes the overall material, formation, color, and painting techniques of murals based on art research methods, finds their characteristics, and tries to find the historical meaning of art in tomb murals. The study covered Jiuchengdongmenri Mural Tomb(舊城東門里壁畫墓), BeiyuanNo.1(北園1号壁書墓), BangzitaiNo1(棒子台一考壁書墓), and Sandaohucheqi Tomb(三道壕車騎壁畫墓) where murals remain relatively well among the Later Han Dynasty Mural Tombs in the nursing area. After analyzing the characteristics of these murals, it was confirmed that although Han's Dynasty tomb wall painting techniques were applied almost exactly as they were, there are differences in some colors, composition, and painting techniques.

Genetic Screening for Mutations in the Chip Gene in Intracranial Aneurysm Patients of Chinese Han Nationality

Su, Li,Zhang, Yuan,Zhang, Chun-Yang,Zhang, An-Long,Mei, Xiao-Long,Zhao, Zhi-Jun,Han, Jian-Guo,Zhao, Li-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

We performed a case-control study to investigate whether SNPs of CHIP might affect the development of IA in Chinese Han nationality. We believe we are the first to have screened IA patients for mutations in the CHIP gene to determine the association with these variants. The study group comprised 224 Chinese Han nationality patients with at least one intracranial aneurysm and 238 unrelated healthy Han nationality controls. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood leukocytes. The entire coding regions of CHIP were genotyped by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. Differences in genotype and allele frequencies between patients and controls were tested by the chi-square method. Genotype and allele frequencies of the SNP rs116166850 was demonstrated to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant difference in genotype or allele frequencies between case and control groups was detected at the SNP. Our data do not support the hypothesis of a major role for the CHIP gene in IA development in the Chinese Han population.

Differences in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Mutations and Relationship with Clinicopathological Features in NSCLC Between Uygur and Han Ethnic Groups

Zhang, Yan,Wang, Qiang,Han, Zhi-Gang,Shan, Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Objective: To investigate differences in mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and relationships with clinicopathological features in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between Uygur and Han ethnic groups. Methods: The Scorpions amplification refractory mutation system (Scorpions ARMS) was used to measure mutations in exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the EGFR gene in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from NSCLC cases, and statistical analysis was performed to investigate links with clinicopathological features in different histological types of NSCLC. Results: Results from ARMS testing showed EGFR mutations in tumor tissues from six (6) of 50 NSCLC patients of Uygur ethnic group, with a positive rate of 12.0%; four of them (4) had exon 19 deletion in EGFR, and two (2) had L858R point mutation in exon 21 of EGFR. Statistically significant difference was noted in EGFR genetic mutation between adenocarcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05), but no differences with gender, age group, smoking status, or stage (P > 0.05). EGFR mutations were detected in tumor tissues from 27 of 49 NSCLC patients of Han ethnic group, with a positive rate of 55.1%; 19 of them had exon 19 deletions, seven (7) had L858R point mutations in exon 21 of EGFR and one (1) had mutations in both exon 18 G719X and exon 20 T790M of EGFR. Statistically significant differences were noted in EGFR genetic mutations between genders and between adenocarcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma (P<0.05), but not with age group, smoking status, or stage (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Statistically significant differences were noted in the positive rates of EGFR genetic mutations in NSCLC patients between Uygur and Han ethnic groups, with lower positive rates for the Uygur cases.

Enhancement of transglutaminase production in Streptomyces mobaraensis DSM 40587 by non-nutritional stress conditions: Effects of heat shock, alcohols, and salt treatments

Lili Zhang,Lanwei Zhang,Huaxi Yi,Ming Du,Yingchun Zhang,Xue Han,Zhen Feng,Jingyan Li,Yuehua Jiao,Yanhe Zhang,Chunfeng Guo 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.7

Stress-mediated bioprocess is a strategy designed to enhance biological target productivity. In this study,an attempt was made to enhance transglutaminase (TGase) production by Streptomyces mobaraensis by using different stress conditions including heat shock, alcohols and salt stress. Results showed that the effects of stress on TGase production depended on the type applied. For heat shock, TGase production (1.32 U/ml) was recorded maximum in the culture treated at 48 h post inoculation in water bath at 60 oC for 1 min. For alcohols treatment, the maximum activity of TGase (1.77 and 1.75 U/ml) was obtained when 3% methanol was added into the medium at 0 or 24 h of fermentation. However, a 3.5-fold increased production of TGase (3.8 U/ml) was observed in the medium supplemented with 0.2mol/l MgCl2 compared with the basic medium at the beginning of fermentation. In conclusion, TGase production from S. mobaraensis was improved by heat shock, methanol and salt stress treatments, MgCl2 stress was the most effective.

Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ transients, and contractility but not hERG K+ channels

Yue Lin,Yuanyuan Zhang,Qiongtao Song,Tao Song,Xue Han,Ying Zhang,Xuan Zhang,Xi Chu,Fenghua Zhang,Li Chu,Jianping Zhang 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.10

To explore the cardiovascular protective effectsof Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MI), especially theunderlying cellular mechanisms related to L-type calciumchannels and myocardial contractility, and to examine theeffects of MI on hERG K? current expressed in HEK293cells. We used the whole-cell patch clamp technique,video-based edge detection and dual excitation fluorescencephotomultiplier systems to explore the effect of MIon L-type Ca2? currents (ICa-L) and cell contraction in ratcardiomyocytes. We also examined the rapidly activatingdelayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) expressed inHEK293 cells using a perforated patch clamp. MI inhibitedICa-L in a dose-dependent manner, with a half-maximalinhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.22 mg/ml, and themaximal inhibitory effect was 61.10 ± 0.59%. MI at aconcentration of 0.3 mg/ml reduced cell shortening by24.12 ± 3.97% and the peak value of the Ca2? transient by36.54 ± 4.96%. MI had no significant influence on hERGK? channels expressed in HEK293 cells at all testpotentials. MI exerts protective effects on the heart via theinhibition of ICa-L and cell shortening in rat cardiomyocytes. However, MI had no significant influence on IKr;thus, MI may exert cardioprotective effects without causingdrug-induced long QT syndrome.

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Cold Response of Seedling Vigor Traits in Rice

Han, L.,Qiao, Y.,Zhang, S.,Zhang, Y.,Cao, G.,Kim, J.,Lee, K.,Koh, H. Science press ; Elsevier 2007 Journal of genetics and genomics Vol.34 No.3

The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the seedling vigor traits under 12<SUP>o</SUP>C cold water irrigation, such as the seedling height, the seedling fresh weight, the seedling dry weight, and their cold response index, were identified using an F<SUB>2-3</SUB> population including 200 individuals and lines derived from a cross of indica and japonica ''Milyang 23/Jileng 1'' with microsatellite markers. All seedling vigor traits exhibited a continuous distribution near normal in F3 lines; these traits were quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. Twelve QTLs conferring the seedling vigor traits under cold water irrigation were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 7, 8, and 12, which explained the observed phenotypic variance from 5.2% to 17.9%. Among them, qCSH2 and qCSH12 were located in RM262-RM263 on chromosome 2 and RM270-RM17 on chromosome 12, respectively, which were associated with the seedling height. qSDW12 and qCSDW1 were located in RM19-RM270 on chromosome 12 and RM129-RM9 on chromosome 1, respectively, which were correlated with the seedling dry weight and its cold response index, and the explained 16.6%, 17.9%, 15.9%, and 16.2% of the observed phenotypic variation, respectively. These QTLs alleles were derived from cold-tolerant parent Jileng 1; the gene actions of the two front genes showed their additive effect, and the two genes belind showed dominant and over dominant effects, respectively.

Large eddy simulation of turbulent fl ow using the parallel computational fl uid dynamics code GASFLOW-MPI

Han Zhang,Yabing Li,Jianjun Xiao,Thomas Jordan 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.6

GASFLOW-MPI is a widely used scalable computational fluid dynamics numerical tool to simulate the fluidturbulence behavior, combustion dynamics, and other related thermalehydraulic phenomena in nuclearpower plant containment. An efficient scalable linear solver for the large-scale pressure equation is one ofthe key issues to ensure the computational efficiency of GASFLOW-MPI. Several advanced Krylov subspacemethods and scalable preconditioning methods are compared and analyzed to improve the computationalperformance. With the help of the powerful computational capability, the large eddy simulation turbulentmodel is used to resolve more detailed turbulent behaviors. A backward-facing step flow is performed tostudy the free shear layer, the recirculation region, and the boundary layer, which is widespread in manyscientific and engineering applications. Numerical results are compared with the experimental data in theliterature and the direct numerical simulation results by GASFLOW-MPI. Both time-averaged velocityprofile and turbulent intensity are well consistent with the experimental data and direct numericalsimulation result. Furthermore, the frequency spectrum is presented and a e5/3 energy decay is observedfor a wide range of frequencies, satisfying the turbulent energy spectrum theory. Parallel scaling tests arealso implemented on the KIT/IKET cluster and a linear scaling is realized for GASFLOW-MPI.

Systematic Review on Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA in Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Asian Populations

Han, Bao-Lin,Xu, Xiang-Ying,Zhang, Chun-Zhi,Wu, Jian-Juan,Han, Chun-Feng,Wang, Hui,Wang, Xuan,Wang, Guang-Shun,Yang, Shu-Juan,Xie, Yao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the value of EBV DNA in diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) in Asian populations, and provide important evidence for screening. Methods: Prospective or respective case-control or cohort studies regarding the detection role of EBV DNA for NPC were included in our study. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM database between January 1980 and March 2012. Results: A total of 18 studies with 1492 NPC cases and 2641 health controls were included. Almost of the included studies were conducted in China, and only one other conducted in Thailand. The overall results demonstrated that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood (+LR) and negative likelihood (-LR) were 0.73 (0.71-0.75), 0.89 (0.88-0.90), 8.84 (5.65-13.84) and 0.19(0.11-0.32), respectively. The overall EBV DNA detection showed the largest area of 0.932 under the summary receiver operator curve (SROC). The accuracy of detection by plasma for NPC (0.86) was higher than in serum (0.81), with largest areas under the SROC of 0.97 and 0.91, respectively. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the EBV DNA detection in plasma or serum has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of NPC, especially in Chinese populations with a high risk of cancer.

Forsythia suspensa Extract Has the Potential to Substitute Antibiotic in Broiler Chicken

Han, X.,Piao, X.S.,Zhang, H.Y.,Li, P.F.,Yi, J.Q.,Zhang, Q.,Li, P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.4

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the potential for Forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) to substitute for antibiotic in broiler chicken. First, a well-diffusion assay procedure and a 2-fold dilution method were used to determine the bacteriostatic activity of FSE on Escherichia coli K88, staphylococcus aureus, and salmonella was assayed. An inhibitory effect of FSE was observed on the growth of these bacteria. This effect seems to be dose depended, which disappeared after 25.00, 12.50, 1.56 mg/ml. Second, a 42-d trial with 252 broiler chickens (d 1, $38.7{\pm}1.1$ g BW) was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of FSE in broiler chicken. The feeding program consisted of a starter diet from d 1 to 21 and a finisher diet from d 22 to 42. Dietary treatments included were: i) NC: negative control fed a corn-soybean meal based diet; ii) PC: positive control group fed based diet with chlortetracycline; and iii) FC: a test group fed with 100 mg FSE/kg diet. In this study growth performance did not differ among treatments during the starter period. However, dietary supplemental chlortetracycline and FSE increased (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared with NC during the finisher and overall phase. Apparent digestibility of calcium on d 21, digestibility of energy and calcium on d 42 of FC was greater (p<0.05) than NC. Moreover, cecal Escherichia coli counts for birds from FC were lower (p<0.05) than NC. Dietary FSE supplementation also improved (p<0.05) villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratios in both duodenum and ileum and decreased (p<0.05) crypt depth in the duodenum. Duodenum villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio in both duodenum and ileum from the FC group were also greater (p<0.05). Serum growth hormone and IGF-1 were not influenced by different treatments. Apparently, FSE has the potential to substitute for antibiotic in broiler chicken.