http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Search forB0→π−τ+ντwith hadronic tagging at Belle
Hamer, P.,Frey, A.,Abdesselam, A.,Adachi, I.,Aihara, H.,Al Said, S.,Arinstein, K.,Asner, D. M.,Aushev, T.,Ayad, R.,Babu, V.,Badhrees, I.,Bakich, A. M.,Barberio, E.,Bhuyan, B.,Biswal, J.,Bozek, A.,Bra& American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.93 No.3
<P>We search for the process B-0 -> pi(-) tau(+)nu(tau) using the full Belle data set of 711 fb(-1), corresponding to 772 x 10(6)B (B) over bar pairs, collected at the gamma (4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. We reconstruct one B meson in a hadronic decay and search for the B-0 -> pi(-)tau(+)nu(tau) process in the remainder of the event. No significant signal is observed and an upper limit of B(B-0 -> pi(-) tau(+)nu(tau)) < 2.5 x 10(-4) is obtained at the 90% confidence level.</P>
Bioconcentration of Pirimiphos-methyl in Killifish (Oryzias Latipes)
Jong Su Seo,Hee Ra Chang,Mick Hamer,Kyun Kim 韓國環境農學會 2009 한국환경농학회지 Vol.28 No.4
Killifish (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to an organophosphate pesticide, pirimiphos-methyl, in a flow-through system to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF) following GLP (Good Laboratory Practice). This study was conducted at two different concentrations (1 and 10 μg/L) of 14C-labeled pirimiphos-methyl for 28 days uptake and 14 days depuration according to the OECD 305 test guideline. The BCF(ss) for total radioactive residues in whole fish were 1,251 and 1,277 for low and high concentrations, respectively. The BCF(k) based on the uptake and depuration rate constants were 1,200 for both low and high concentrations. During the depuration phase, the accumulated test substance was rapidly depurated from fish. Greater than 95% of the residue at steady-state was depurated after 2 days. Although the measured BCF values were high, pirimiphos-methyl could be evaluated as a low risk from bioaccumulation by aquatic organisms due to the short depuration period and low amount of bound residue (1.5%). We suggest that in evaluating bioaccumulation, not only the BCF should be considered, but also depuration time and bound residue in aquatic organisms give an indication of the potential environmental risks.
Bioconcentration of Pirimiphos-methyl in Killifish (Oryzias latipes)
Seo, Jong-Su,Chang, Hee-Ra,Hamer, Mick,Kim, Kyun The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 2009 한국환경농학회지 Vol.28 No.4
Killifish (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to an organophosphate pesticide, pirimiphos-methyl, in a flow-through system to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF) following GLP (Good Laboratory Practice). This study was conducted at two different concentrations (1 and $10\;{\mu}$g/L) of $^{14}C$-labeled pirimiphos-methyl for 28 days uptake and 14 days depuration according to the OECD 305 test guideline. The $BCF_{ss}$ for total radioactive residues in whole fish were 1,251 and 1,277 for low and high concentrations, respectively. The $BCF_k$ based on the uptake and depuration rate constants were 1,200 for both low and high concentrations. During the depuration phase, the accumulated test substance was rapidly depurated from fish. Greater than 95% of the residue at steady-state was depurated after 2 days. Although the measured BCF values were high, pirimiphos-methyl could be evaluated as a low risk from bioaccumulation by aquatic organisms due to the short depuration period and low amount of bound residue (1.5%). We suggest that in evaluating bioaccumulation, not only the BCF should be considered, but also depuration time and bound residue in aquatic organisms give an indication of the potential environmental risks.
CD137 Is Required for M Cell Functional Maturation but Not Lineage Commitment
Hsieh, E.H.,Fernandez, X.,Wang, J.,Hamer, M.,Calvillo, S.,Croft, M.,Kwon, B.S.,Lo, D.D. American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriol 2010 The American journal of pathology Vol.177 No.2
Mucosal immune surveillance depends on M cells that reside in the epithelium overlying Peyer's patch and nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue to transport particles to underlying lymphocytes. M cell development is associated with B lymphocytes in a basolateral pocket, but the interactions between these cells are poorly understood. In a cell culture model of M cell differentiation, we found lymphotoxin/tumor necrosis factor α induction of CD137 (TNFRSF9) protein on intestinal epithelial cell lines, raising the possibility that CD137 on M cells in vivo might interact with CD137L expressed by B cells. Accordingly, while CD137-deficient mice produced UEA-1+ M cell progenitors in nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue and Peyer's patch epithelium, they showed an abnormal morphology, including the absence of basolateral B cell pockets. More important, CD137-deficient nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue M cells were defective in microparticle transcytosis. Bone marrow irradiation chimeras confirmed that while induction of UEA-1+ putative M cell precursors was not CD137-dependent, full M cell transcytosis function required expression of CD137 by radioresistant stromal cells as well as by bone marrow-derived cells. These results are consistent with a two-step model of M cell differentiation, with initial CD137-independent commitment to the M cell lineage followed by a CD137-CD137L interaction of M cells with CD137-activated B lymphocytes or dendritic cells for functional maturation.
Direct Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Phase-Pure Iron Pyrite (FeS<sub>2</sub>) Thin Films
Samad, Leith,Cabá,n-Acevedo, Miguel,Shearer, Melinda J.,Park, Kwangsuk,Hamers, Robert J.,Jin, Song American Chemical Society 2015 Chemistry of materials Vol.27 No.8
<P>Resurgent interest in iron pyrite (FeS<SUB>2</SUB>) as an earth-abundant, nontoxic semiconductor for solar applications has resulted in many attempts to grow phase-pure thin films via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, all thin films grown via CVD or sulfidation to date have contained marcasite phase or other iron sulfide impurities. Here, we report the use of metallic cobalt pyrite (cattierite, CoS<SUB>2</SUB>) thin films as an ideal substrate leading to the first direct growth of phase-pure iron pyrite thin films via atmospheric pressure CVD. This synthesis was achieved by reacting FeCl<SUB>3</SUB> and ditert butyl disulfide (TBDS) at 400–450 °C. The products were confirmed as phase-pure iron pyrite using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In addition to phase-purity, the synthesis produced crystal domains >1 μm and a conformal coating 3–5 μm thick, which are attributed to the <2% lattice mismatch of the isostructural cattierite substrate. The surface was characterized by ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS & XPS) and the electrical properties by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott–Schottky analysis. The direct growth of a phase-pure iron pyrite film on a conductive substrate provides the most convenient configuration so far for potential solar cells.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2015/cmatex.2015.27.issue-8/acs.chemmater.5b00664/production/images/medium/cm-2015-00664c_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm5b00664'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Spatial epidemiology of COVID-19 infection through the first outbreak in the city of Mashhad, Iran
Hasan Mansouritorghabeh,Ahmad Bagherimoghaddam,Saeid Eslami,Amene Raouf‑Rahmati,Davidson H. Hamer,Behzad Kiani,Shahab MohammadEbrahimi 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.5
The COVID-19 epidemic is currently the most important public health challenge worldwide. The current study aimed to survey the spatial epidemiology of the COVID-19 outbreak in Mashhad, Iran, across the first outbreak. The data was including the hospitalized lab-confirmed COVID-19 cases from Feb 4 until Apr 13, 2020. For comparison between the groups, classical statistics analyses were used. A logistic regression model was built to detect the factors affecting mortality. After calculating the empirical Bayesian rate (EBR), the Local Moran’s I statistic was applied to quantify the spatial autocorrelation of disease. The total cumulative incidence and case fatality rates were respectively 4.6 per 10,000 (95% CI: 4.3–4.8) and 23.1% (95% CI: 23.2–25.4). Of 1535 cases, 62% were males and were more likely to die than females (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 1.58, 95% CI: 1.23–2.04). The odds of death for patients over 60 years was more than three times (aOR: 3.66, 95% CI: 2.79–4.81). Although the distribution of COVID-19 patients was nearly random in Mashhad, the downtown area had the most significant high-high clusters throughout most of the biweekly periods. The most likely factors influencing the development of hotspots around the downtown include the congested population (due to the holy shrine), low socioeconomic and deprived neighborhoods, poor access to health facilities, indoor crowding, and further use of public transportation. Constantly raising public awareness, emphasizing social distancing, and increasing the whole community immunization, particularly in the highpriority areas detected by spatial analysis, can lead people to a brighter picture of their lives.