Whey Protein Concentrate, Pullulan, and Trehalose as Thermal Protective Agents for Increasing Viability of Lactobacillus plantarum Starter by Spray Drying

Haiyue Sun,Xiaoman Hua,Minghao Zhang,Yu Wang,Yiying Chen,Jing Zhang,Chao Wang,Yuhua Wang 한국축산식품학회 2020 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.40 No.1

It is necessary to add protective agents for protecting the probiotic viability in the preparation process of probiotics starter. In this study, we used whey protein concentrate (WPC), pullulan, trehalose, and sodium glutamate as the protective agent and optimized the proportion of protective agent and spray-drying parameters to achieve the best protective effect on Lactobacillus plantarum. Moreover, the viable counts of L. plantarum in starter stored at different temperatures (–20℃, 4℃, and 25℃) for 360 days were determined. According to response surface method (RSM), the optimal proportion of protective agent was 24.6 g/L WPC, 18.8 g/L pullulan, 16.7 g/L trehalose and 39.3 g/L sodium glutamate. The optimum spray-drying parameters were the ratio of bacteria to protective agents 3:1 (v: v), the feed flow rate 240 mL/h, and the inlet air temperature 115℃ through orthogonal test. Based on the above results, the viable counts of L. plantarum was 12.22±0.27 Log CFU/g and the survival rate arrived at 85.12%. The viable counts of L. plantarum stored at –20℃ was more than 1010 CFU/g after 200 days.

Effect on Viability of Microencapsulated Lactobacillus rhamnosus with the Whey Proteinpullulan Gels in Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions and Properties of Gels

Minghao Zhang,Dan Cai,Qiumei Song,Yu Wang,Haiyue Sun,Chunhong Piao,Hansong Yu,Junmei Liu,Jingsheng Liu,Yuhua Wang 한국축산식품학회 2019 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has low resistance to low pH and bile salt in the gastrointestinal juice. In this study, the gel made from whey protein concentrate (WPC) and pullulan (PUL) was used as the wall material to prepare the microencapsulation for LGG protection. The gelation process was optimized and the properties of gel were also determined. The results showed the optimal gel was made from 10% WPC and 8.0% PUL at pH 7.5, which could get the best protective effect; the viable counts of LGG were 6.61 Log CFU/g after exposure to simulated gastric juice (SGJ) and 9.40 Log CFU/g to simulated intestinal juice (SIJ) for 4 h. Sodium dodecyl sulphite polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) confirmed that the WPC-PUL gel had low solubility in SGJ, but dissolved well in SIJ, which suggested that the gel can protect LGG under SGJ condition and release probiotics in the SIJ. Moreover, when the gel has highest hardness and water-holding capacity, the viable counts of LGG were not the best, suggesting the relationship between the protection and the properties of the gel was non-linear.

Temperature dependence of complete sets of material constants of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 crystals using different poling methods

Tang Haiyue,Zhang Wenjie,Yang Xiaoming,Wang Zujian,Su Rongbing,Liu Ying,Long Xifa,He Chao 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.55 No.-

The complete sets of material constants of <001>-oriented two wafers (HP: high-performance and LP: low-performance) using direct current poling (DCP) and alternating current poling (ACP) were investigated. ACP can improve the longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric properties (about 20% increase in both d31 and d33) and decrease the shear properties (about 40% decrease in d15). The compliance constants SEij of both ACP HP and LP samples have the similar change trend (the absolute of SE11, SE12, SE13, SE33, SE66 increasing, the SE44 decreasing), while most stiffness constants CEij of both ACP HP and LP samples show the different change trend. The values of CE11, CE12, CE13 of ACP LP samples increase by at least 50% while ACP HP samples decrease by about 5%. As temperature elevated, the dielectric properties (εT11/ε0, εT33/ε0), piezoelectric properties (d15, d31, d33) and electromechanical coupling coefficients (k15, k33) increased steadily, while the k31 keep stable.

Elite Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Solving the Bi-Criteria No-wait Flexible Flow Shop Problem

Yongbin Qin,Haiyue Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.12

The thesis mainly studies bi-criteria no-wait flexible flow shop problem, whose optimi-zation objective is to minimize the maximum completion time and the maximum delay time. This problem is NP hard, yet enjoying important theoretical research value, thereby this thesis proposes elite particle swarm optimization (EPSO) to solve bi-criteria no-wait flex-ible flow shop problem. EPSO algorithm applies five modified heuristic algorithms and random methods to generating initial population. Moreover, for the particle personal best, this thesis puts forward elite crossover algorithm, which retains continuous fragments of the identical workpieces among excellent individuals, avoiding the destruction of good continuity between solutions of workpieces. In addition, in order to avoid algorithm into local optimum, this thesis raises double insertion disturbance algorithm to help particles jump out the local optimal state and expand the feasible search range. For the purpose of effectively evaluating algorithm quality, there is a comparison among EPSO algorithm, PSO algorithm and ICA algorithm in simulation experiment that is respectively aimed at small-scale problem and large-scale scheduling problem, the results of which show that the proposed EPSO algorithm, due to better validity and accuracy, is superior to the PSO algorithm and ICA algorithm.

Transforming Growth Factor β1/Smad4 Signaling Affects Osteoclast Differentiation via Regulation of miR-155 Expression

Zhao, Hongying,Zhang, Jun,Shao, Haiyu,Liu, Jianwen,Jin, Mengran,Chen, Jinping,Huang, Yazeng Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.3

Transforming growth factor ${\beta}1$ $(TGF{\beta}1)/Smad4$ signaling plays a pivotal role in maintenance of the dynamic balance between bone formation and resorption. The microRNA miR-155 has been reported to exert a significant role in the differentiation of macrophage and dendritic cells. The goal of this study was to determine whether miR-155 regulates osteoclast differentiation through $TGF{\beta}1/Smad4$ signaling. Here, we present that $TGF{\beta}1$ elevated miR-155 levels during osteoclast differentiation through the stimulation of M-CSF and RANKL. Additionally, we found that silencing Smad4 attenuated the upregulation of miR-155 induced by $TGF{\beta}1$. The results of luciferase reporter experiments and ChIP assays demonstrated that $TGF{\beta}1$ promoted the binding of Smad4 to the miR-155 promoter at a site located in 454 bp from the transcription start site in vivo, further verifying that miR-155 is a transcriptional target of the $TGF{\beta}1/Smad4$ pathway. Subsequently, TRAP staining and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that silencing Smad4 impaired the $TGF{\beta}1$-mediated inhibition on osteoclast differentiation. Finally, we found that miR-155 may target SOCS1 and MITF to suppress osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, we provide the first evidence that $TGF{\beta}1/Smad4$ signaling affects osteoclast differentiation by regulation of miR-155 expression and the use of miR-155 as a potential therapeutic target for osteoclast-related diseases shows great promise.

Erratum to: Transforming Growth Factor b1/Smad4 Signaling Affects Osteoclast Differentiation via Regulation of miR-155 Expression

Zhao, Hongying,Zhang, Jun,Shao, Haiyu,Liu, Jianwen,Jin, Mengran,Chen, Jinping,Huang, Yazeng Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.5

Bit-Level Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Composite Chaotic Mapping

Cai Yang,Haiyu Zhang,Jinliang Guo,Songhao Jia,Fangfang Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.8

Because the single chaotic mapping easily creates security weaknesses in the image encryption algorithm, the security needs to be improved. Aiming at this problem, a bit-level image encryption algorithm based on composite chaotic mapping (CCM-IEA) is proposed. First of all, the algorithm scrambles the plain image on bit level through the Cat mapping for the first time. And then the Henon mapping of two dimensional discrete is used to scramble for the second time. Finally, image diffusion is operated through the one dimensional Logistic mapping, and the data sensitivity is enhanced. The experimental results show that the performance of the CCM-IEA algorithm is better on the histogram, information entropy and correlation analysis. Compared with the single chaotic images encryption algorithm, the CCM-IEA algorithm has the ability to resist the information entropy analysis and correlation analysis. It can be seen that the CCM-IEA algorithm has high safety performance and good encryption effect.

HIF-1α–Mediated Upregulation of TASK-2 K⁺ Channels Augments Ca²⁺ Signaling in Mouse B Cells under Hypoxia

Shin, Dong Hoon,Lin, Haiyue,Zheng, Haifeng,Kim, Kyung Su,Kim, Jin Young,Chun, Yang Sook,Park, Jong Wan,Nam, Joo Hyun,Kim, Woo Kyung,Zhang, Yin Hua,Kim, Sung Joon American Association of Immunologists 2014 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.

<P>The general consensus is that immune cells are exposed to physiological hypoxia in vivo (PhyO(2),2-5% P-O2). However, functional studies of B cells in hypoxic conditions are sparse. Recently, we reported the expression in mouse B cells of TASK-2, a member of pH-sensitive two-pore domain K+ channels with background activity. In this study, we investigated the response of K+ channels to sustained PhyO(2) (sustained hypoxia [SH], 3% P-O2 for 24 h) in WEHI-231 mouse B cells. SH induced voltage-independent background K+ conductance (SH-K-bg) and hyperpolarized the membrane potential. The pH sensitivity and the single-channel conductance of SH-K-bg were consistent with those of TASK-2. Immunoblotting assay results showed that SH significantly increased plasma membrane expressions of TASK-2. Conversely, SH failed to induce any current following small interfering (si)TASK-2 transfection. Similar hypoxic upregulation of TASK-2 was also observed in splenic primary B cells. Mechanistically, upregulation of TASK-2 by SH was prevented by si hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) transfection or by YC-1, a pharmacological HIF-la inhibitor. In addition, TASK-2 current was increased in WEHI-231 cells overexpressed with 02-resistant HIF-1 alpha. Importantly, [Ca2+](c) increment in response to BCR stimulation was significantly higher in SH-exposed B cells, which was abolished by high K+-induced depolarization or by siTASK-2 transfection. The data demonstrate that TASK-2 is upregulated under hypoxia via HIF-1 alpha dependent manner in B cells. This is functionally important in maintaining the negative membrane potential and providing electrical driving force to control Ca2+ influx.</P>

Transforming Growth Factor β1/Smad4 Signaling Affects Osteoclast Differentiation via Regulation of miR-155 Expression

Hongying Zhao,Jun Zhang,Haiyu Shao,Jianwen Liu,Mengran Jin,Jinping Chen,Yazeng Huang 한국분자세포생물학회 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.3

Transforming growth factor 1 (TGF1)/Smad4 signaling plays a pivotal role in maintenance of the dynamic balance between bone formation and resorption. The microRNA miR-155 has been reported to exert a significant role in the differ-entiation of macrophage and dendritic cells. The goal of this study was to determine whether miR-155 regulates osteoclast differentiation through TGF1/Smad4 signaling. Here, we present that TGF1 elevated miR-155 levels during osteoclast differentiation through the stimulation of M-CSF and RANKL. Additionally, we found that silencing Smad4 attenuated the upregulation of miR-155 induced by TGF1. The results of luciferase reporter experiments and ChIP assays demonstrated that TGF1 promoted the binding of Smad4 to the miR-155 promoter at a site located in 454 bp from the transcription start site in vivo, further verifying that miR-155 is a transcriptional target of the TGF1/Smad4 pathway. Subsequently, TRAP staining and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that silencing Smad4 impaired the TGF1-mediated inhibition on osteoclast differentiation. Finally, we found that miR-155 may target SOCS1 and MITF to suppress osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, we provide the first evidence that TGF1/Smad4 signaling affects osteoclast differentiation by regulation of miR-155 expression and the use of miR-155 as a potential therapeutic target for osteoclast-related diseases shows great promise.

Antioxidant activity and metabolic regulation of sodium salicylate on goat sperm at low temperature

Shen Wenzheng,Fu Yu,Bai Haiyu,Zhang Zhiyu,Cao Zhikun,Liu Zibo,Yang Chao,Sun Shixin,Wang Lei,Ren Chunhuan,Ling Ying-hui,Zhang Zi Jun,Cao Hongguo 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of sodium salicylate (SS) on semen preservation and metabolic regulation in goats. Methods: Under the condition of low temperature, SS was added to goat semen diluent to detect goat sperm motility, plasma membrane, acrosome, antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and metabonomics. Results: The results show that at the 8th day of low-temperature storage, the sperm motility of the 20 μM SS group was 66.64%, and the integrity rates of the plasma membrane and acrosome were both above 60%, significantly higher than those of the other groups. The activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the sperm of the 20 μM SS group were significantly higher than those of the control group, the contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were significantly lower than those in the control group, the MMP was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the contents of Ca2+ and total cholesterol were significantly higher than those in the control group. Through metabonomics analysis, there were significant metabolic differences between the control group and the 20 μM SS group. Twenty of the most significant metabolic markers were screened, mainly involving five metabolic pathways, of which nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolic pathways were the most significant. Conclusion: The results indicate that SS can effectively improve the low-temperature preservation quality of goat sperm.