Advances in the understanding of molybdenum effect on iodine and caesium reactivity in condensed phase in the primary circuit in nuclear severe accident conditions

Gouëllo Mélany,Hokkinen Jouni,Kärkelä Teemu 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.8

In the case of a severe accident in a Light Water Reactor, the issue of late release of fission products, from the primary circuit surfaces is of particular concern due to the direct impact on the source term. CsI is the main iodine compound present in the primary circuit and can be deposited as particles or condensed species. Its chemistry can be affected by the presence of molybdenum, and can lead to the formation of gaseous iodine. The present work studied chemical reactions on the surfaces involving gaseous iodine release. CsI and MoO3 were used to highlight the effects of carrier gas composition and oxygen partial pressure on the reactions. The results revealed a noticeable effect of the presence of molybdenum on the formation of gaseous iodine, mainly identified as molecular iodine. In addition, the oxygen

Comparison of the cyclic fatigue resistance of One Curve, F6 Skytaper, Protaper Next, and Hyflex CM endodontic files

Gouédard Charlotte,Pino Laurent,Arbab-Chirani Reza,Arbab-Chirani Shabnam,Chevalier Valérie 대한치과보존학회 2022 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.47 No.2

Objectives This study compared the cyclic fatigue resistance of One Curve (C wire) and F6 Skytaper (conventional austenite nickel-titanium [NiTi]), and 2 instruments with thermo-mechanically treated NiTi: Protaper Next X2 (M wire) and Hyflex CM (CM wire). Materials and Methods Ten new instruments of each group (size: 0.25 mm, 6% taper in the 3 mm tip region) were tested using a rotary bending machine with a 60° curvature angle and a 5 mm curvature radius, at room temperature. The number of cycles until fracture was recorded. The length of the fractured instruments was measured. The fracture surface of each fragment was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey test. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results At 60°, One Curve, F6 Skytaper and Hyflex CM had significantly longer fatigue lives than Protaper Next X2 (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the cyclic fatigue lives of One Curve, F6 Skytaper, and Hyflex CM (p > 0.05). SEM images of the fracture surfaces of the different instruments showed typical features of fatigue failure. Conclusions Within the conditions of this study, at 60° and with a 5 mm curvature radius, the cyclic fatigue life of One Curve was not significantly different from those of F6 Skytaper and Hyflex CM. The cyclic fatigue lives of these 3 instruments were statistically significantly longer than that of Protaper Next. Objectives This study compared the cyclic fatigue resistance of One Curve (C wire) and F6 Skytaper (conventional austenite nickel-titanium [NiTi]), and 2 instruments with thermo-mechanically treated NiTi: Protaper Next X2 (M wire) and Hyflex CM (CM wire). Materials and Methods Ten new instruments of each group (size: 0.25 mm, 6% taper in the 3 mm tip region) were tested using a rotary bending machine with a 60° curvature angle and a 5 mm curvature radius, at room temperature. The number of cycles until fracture was recorded. The length of the fractured instruments was measured. The fracture surface of each fragment was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey test. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results At 60°, One Curve, F6 Skytaper and Hyflex CM had significantly longer fatigue lives than Protaper Next X2 (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the cyclic fatigue lives of One Curve, F6 Skytaper, and Hyflex CM (p > 0.05). SEM images of the fracture surfaces of the different instruments showed typical features of fatigue failure. Conclusions Within the conditions of this study, at 60° and with a 5 mm curvature radius, the cyclic fatigue life of One Curve was not significantly different from those of F6 Skytaper and Hyflex CM. The cyclic fatigue lives of these 3 instruments were statistically significantly longer than that of Protaper Next.

政治社會化와 그 內容

李球載 서울 敎育大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

國家觀 確立을 위한 敎育에서 考慮되어야 할 몇 가지 問題點

球 載 서울 敎育大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

웹기반 구조중심 협동학습 시스템의 설계 및 구현

정규옥,양형정,최숙영 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2004 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.3

협동학습 모델 중에서 매우 간단하고 적용이 쉬운 구조중심 협동학습은 다양한 구조의 유기적 연결과 학습내용의 결합을 통해 교수학습이 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 구조중심의 협동학습을 위한 교수-학습 모델을 제안하고, 이를 지원하는 웹기반 구조중심 협동학습 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 구조중심 협동학습 모델에서는 교과학습에 적용할 수 있는 구체적인 틀을 제시하여 협동학습을 효과적으로 지원할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 학습 내용과 형태에 따라 다른 구조를 적용할 수 있도록 지식 습득형, 탐구형, 기능 숙달형 구조로 분류하고 이에 따른 적용 모형들을 제시하고 있다. 이러한 모형들을 기반으로 실제 협동학습을 수행할 수 있도록 시스템을 구현하여, 수업에 적용한 후 그 효과를 분석해 보았다. One of the cooperative learning models, the cooperative learning of structural approach which is very simple and easily applicable accomplishes teaching-learning through combining learning contents and organic connections of various structures. This work proposes a cooperative teaching-learning model for the structural approach, designs and implements a web-based cooperative system supporting it. The model provides a concrete frame which can apply to a subject learning thus could effectively support cooperative learning. Furthermore, it classifies learning into three types such as knowledge learning, investigation, and function mastering and presents a structure application model for each so as to apply different structures according to learning materials and types. We implemented a system that performs cooperative learning on the basis of these models, applied to a class, and analyzed the effect of it.

Use of Denaturing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (DHPLC) to Characterize the Bacterial and Fungal Airway Microbiota of Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Jérôme Mounier,Geneviève Héry-Arnaud,Audrey Gouëllo,Marlène Keravec,Solène Le Gal,Grégory Pacini,Stella Debaets,Gilles Nevez,Gilles Rault,Georges Barbier 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.4

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of denaturinghigh-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) to characterizecystic fibrosis (CF) airway microbiota includingboth bacteria and fungi. DHPLC conditions were first optimizedusing a mixture of V6, V7 and V8 region 16S rRNAgene PCR amplicons from 18 bacterial species commonlyfound in CF patients. Then, the microbial diversity of 4 sputumsamples from 4 CF patients was analyzed using culturalmethods, cloning/sequencing (for bacteria only) and DHPLCpeak fraction collection/sequencing. DHPLC analysis allowedidentifying more bacterial and fungal species than the classicalculture methods, including well-recognized pathogenssuch as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Even if a lower number ofbacterial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) was identifiedby DHPLC, it allowed to find OTUs unidentified bycloning/sequencing. The combination of both techniquespermitted to correlate the majority of DHPLC peaks to definedOTUs. Finally, although Aspergillus fumigatus detectionusing DHPLC can still be improved, this techniqueclearly allowed to identify a higher number of fungal speciesversus classical culture-based methods. To conclude, DHPLCprovided meaningful additional data concerning pathogenicbacteria and fungi as well as fastidious microorganisms presentwithin the CF respiratory tract. DHPLC can be consideredas a complementary technique to culture-dependentanalyses in routine microbiological laboratories.

Study on Micro-Hardness and Electrical Conductivity in as Cast Cu-Fe-P Alloys

Gou, Bin,Lee, Je Hyun,Gu, Ji Ho,Euh, Kwang Jun,Han, Seung Zeon Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2009 Materials science forum Vol.620 No.-

<P>The micro-hardness and electric conductivity was studied in as cast alloy Cu-Fe-P alloys which were solution treated at 980°C and aging treated at 400-800°C for 1-20 hours. The micro-hardness peak value was 180 HV and the conductivity peak value was 65% IACS. The hardness and the electric conductivity all depended on precipitation principally. The addition of C in Cu-Fe-P alloy reduced the grain size and accelerated precipitation which resulted in enhancing hardness and electric conductivity together.</P>

Data Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks with Instantly Decodable Network Coding

Gou, Liang,Zhang, Gengxin,Bian, Dongming,Zhang, Wei,Xie, Zhidong The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.5

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely applied in monitoring and control of environment parameters. It is sometimes necessary to disseminate data through wireless links after they are deployed in order to adjust configuration parameters of sensors or distribute management commands and queries to sensors. Several approaches have been proposed recently for data dissemination in WSNs. However, none of these approaches achieves both high efficiency and low complexity simultaneously. To address this problem, cluster-tree based network architecture, which divides a WSN into hierarchies and clusters is proposed. Upon this architecture, data is delivered from base station to all sensors in clusters hierarchy by hierarchy. In each cluster, father broadcasts data to all his children with instantly decodable network coding (IDNC), and a novel scheme targeting to maximize total transmission gain (MTTG) is proposed. This scheme employs a new packet scheduling algorithm to select IDNC packets, which uses weight status feedback matrix (WSFM) directly. Analysis and simulation results indicate that the transmission efficiency approximate to the best existing approach maximum weight clique, but with much lower computational overhead. Hence, the energy efficiency achieves both in data transmission and processing.

THE METHOD OF LOWER AND UPPER SOLUTIONS FOR IMPULSIVE FRACTIONAL EVOLUTION EQUATIONS IN BANACH SPACES

Gou, Haide,Li, Yongxiang Korean Mathematical Society 2020 대한수학회지 Vol.57 No.1

In this paper, we investigate the existence of mild solutions for a class of fractional impulsive evolution equation with periodic boundary condition by means of the method of upper and lower solutions and monotone iterative method. Using the theory of Kuratowski measure of noncompactness, a series of results about mild solutions are obtained. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate our results.

Challenges and Opportunities for Legal Education in the Digital Era -Perspectives from China-

GOU XIAOLI(고효려),WU ZHIWEI(오지위) 동아대학교 법학연구소 2024 國際去來와 法 Vol.- No.46

인터넷, 빅데이터, 블록체인, 인공지능 등을 대표하는 디지털 기술은 시대의 큰 변화를 일으켰고, 인류 사회는 디지털 시대로 나아가고 있다. 디지털 기술의 발전과 적용은 법률 분야의 기존 이론, 규칙 및 방법에 영향을 미치며, 이에 관련된 법학 교육은 디지털 시대의 새로운 가치, 문제, 지식, 방법 등에 대한 도전을 마주하고 있다. 그러나 도전은 종종 기회를 내포하고 있으며, 디지털 시대의 법학 교육은 디지털 기술 혁명을 계기로 삼아 법학 교육 이념을 재구성하고, 법학 지식 체계를 갱신하며, 법학 학문 체계를 구축하고, 법학 교육 방법을 다채롭게 하며, 인재 양성 모델을 혁신하여, 시대의 변화에 적극적으로 대응하며 기회를 잡아 법학 교육을 발전시키고, 디지털 시대의 법학 교육의 새로운 지혜를 개척하고 있다. 중국은 디지털 시대의 법학 교육을 심각하게 대하고 있으며, 이를 국가 전략 수준으로 끌어올렸다. 2022년 2월, 중국공산당 중앙 사무국과 국무원 사무국은 “새로운 시대의 법학 교육과 법학 이론 연구 강화에 관한 의견”을 발표하여 중국의 법학 교육이 디지털 시대에서 어떻게 발전해야 하는지 방향을 제시했다. 일부 학교는 법학 학과 체계 구축, 법학교육 체계 발전, 법학 교육 방법 혁신, 법학 인재양성 개혁 등에서 적극적으로 탐구하고 대담히 실천하여 좋은 성과를 거두었으며, 디지털 시대의 법학 교육 발전 방향과 전환 경로를 제시하는 중국의 방안을 제공했다. The advent of novel digital technologies, including the internet, big data, blockchain, and artificial intelligence, has catalyzed a significant era of transformation, propelling global evolution towards a digital era. Concurrently, the advancement and integration of digital technologies profoundly influence the established theories, regulations, and methodologies within the realm of law. Consequently, legal education faces challenges in adapting to the emergence of new values, issues, knowledge, and methodologies characteristic of the digital era. However, challenges frequently bring forth opportunities. We assert that legal education in the digital era should capitalize on the opportunities presented by the digital technology revolution to redefine the paradigms of legal education, enhance the knowledge framework of law, and establish a comprehensive disciplinary structure of law. Additionally, it should enrich the pedagogical approaches of legal education and innovate methods for nurturing legal experts. Through these endeavors, legal education should actively embrace opportunities and drive the iterative enhancement of legal education, heralding a new era of legal education in the digital landscape. China prioritizes digital-era legal education, positioning it as one of its key national development strategies. In February 2023, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued a directional plan for the advancement of legal education in China’s digital era, entitled “Opinions on Strengthening Legal Education and Jurisprudence Research in the New Era”. China’s legal education sector is actively aligning itself with the trends of smart technology, internet connectivity, and digital advancements, thus fostering reform initiatives within the field of legal education. Several higher educational institutions have made notable strides in establishing and developing disciplinary structures of law, innovating teaching methodologies, and reforming the cultivation of legal experts. Through proactive exploration and bold practical initiatives, they have contributed to the development and transformation of legal education in the digital era, offering a Chinese model for global advancement.