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( Georgy Toloraya ) 한국국방연구원 2011 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.23 No.3
Despite constant fluctuations between tensions and detente on the Korean peninsula, the crisis in 2010, including the Cheonan sinking and the Yeonpyong Island shelling has proved to become the most dangerous in decades―without obvious new reasons or new contradictions to justify it. After President Lee Myung Bak`s coming to power in South Korea, Pyongyang developed suspicions over his new hard-line stance and demands for denuclearization. North Korea thought that Seoul`s call for reforms were merely a cover to undermine their regime and it took seriously the desire by Southern conservatives for "early reunification" and thus resorted to military provocations. Meanwhile, the U.S. Obama administration chose to abstain from any meaningful policy toward North Korea, while China played a more active role in supporting Pyongyang and Russian policy, which is based on the priority of peace and stability on the Korean peninsula. All issues should be decided by political and diplomatic means without the use of force, threats, pressure, or isolation. Improvements in North-South relations, DPRK dialogue with the West, and a multilateral format are essential prerequisites for realizing a new security system in Korea that takes into account the interests of all parties. Only this can avert a new crisis. The author suggests a return to engagement and the promotion of slow evolutionary changes in North Korea by giving the current ruling elite tangible guarantees of security on the condition that the North would change its domestic and international behavior.
SPECIAL CLASSES OF MERIDIAN SURFACES IN THE FOUR-DIMENSIONAL EUCLIDEAN SPACE
Georgi Ganchev,Velichka Milousheva 대한수학회 2015 대한수학회보 Vol.52 No.6
Meridian surfaces in the Euclidean 4-space are two-dimensional surfaces which are one-parameter systems of meridians of a standard rotational hypersurface. On the base of our invariant theory of surfaces we study meridian surfaces with special invariants. In the present paper we give the complete classification of Chen meridian surfaces and meridian surfaces with parallel normal bundle.
Neither Peace, Nor War in Korea: A Russian Assessment of Past, Present and Future
Georgy Toloraya 통일연구원 2010 International journal of korean unification studie Vol.19 No.1
The lessons of history show that the situation in Korea remains a security threat for Russia. Although the nuclear/missile programs of North Korea (seen in Russia as a response by Pyongyang to the threats its the very regime’s existence) are causing concern in Russia, they cannot be solved separately without addressing the broader security regime issues in Korea. The multilateral diplomatic process, when and if it is resumed in the aftermath of the tragic “Cheonan” incident, should have on its agenda not only denuclearization, but also security guarantees for the DPRK, as well as a regional security regime as a mechanism to manage these guarantees. The US is to play a pivotal role in such a change of approaches as well as in engaging Pyongyang. The North Korean regime shows no signs of imminent collapse and should be dealt with as a long-term actor in Korea. As pressure and sanctions do not help obtain the goals of denuclearization, peace, stability and development, an engagement policy with the North to bring about transformation and modernization of the regime is the only answer. Much will depend on South Korea’s ability to recognize this reality and act accordingly,which could bring its partnership with Russia to a truly strategic level.
Efficiency criteria for optimization of separation cascades for uranium enrichment
Georgy Sulaberidze,Shi Zeng,Andrey Smirnov,Anton Bonarev,Valentin Borisevich,Dongjun Jiang 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.1
As it is known, uranium enrichment is carried out on industrial scale by means of multistage separationfacilities, i.e., separation cascades in which gas centrifuges (GCs) are connected in series andparallel. Design and construction of these facilities require significant investment. So, the problem ofcalculation and optimization of cascade working parameters is still relevant today. At the same time,in many cases, the minimum unit cost of a product is related to the cascade having the smallestpossible number of separation elements/GCs. Also, in theoretical studies, it is often acceptable toapply as an efficiency criterion the minimum total flow to supply cascade stages instead of theabovementioned minimum unit cost or the number of separation elements. In this article, cascadeswith working parameter of a single GC changing from stage to stage are optimized by two of theabovementioned performance criteria and are compared. The results obtained allow us to make aconclusion about their differences.
North Korean Energy Problems and Solutions: A Russian Perspective
Georgy Toloraya,Marina Trigubenko 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2008 Pacific Focus Vol.23 No.1
The Energy situation in DPRK remains very difficult and could prevent economic progress of the country even if large foreign assistance and investment would be at hand. Analysis of the country’s energy supply and demand patterns shows that the energy-hungry outdated industries and wastefulness in the use of energy due to lack of incentives lead to a much higher energy per unit of GDP use than in comparable economies. On the other side the domestic supply is limited, while the lack of financing sources limits the external supply. DPRK cannot attain energy security on its own: this is the priority task for international assistance, especially in the context of the 6-party peace process. Suggested measures include modernization of energy sector management, introducing internationally-funded system of training of personnel, energy sector facilities modernization, new objects construction and innovation (including nuclear energy generation development, interconnection of Russian Far East power grid with North and South Korea, projected gas pipelines). South Korean role is very important and its assistance should be coordinated with broader international aid in the framework of 6 party talks. Multilateral energy assistance arrangements, including a possible consortium should be considered. Such a body could draw a comprehensive plan of DPRK’s energy production and consumption patterns and the needed investment correlated with the overall prognosis of DPRK’s economic development.