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2주간 간헐적인 저압,저산소 트레이닝이 남녀 지구성선수의 체성분, 유산소성 운동능력 및 혈중 산소포화도에 미치는 영향
남상석 ( S. S. Nam ),이만균 ( M. G. Lee ),선우섭 ( Oo S. Sun ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2011 운동과학 Vol.20 No.3
남상석, 이만균, 선우섭. 2주간 간헐적인 저압·저산소 트레이닝이 남녀 지구성선수의 체성분, 유산소성 운동능력 및 혈중 산소포화도에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제20권 제3호. 283-296. 2011. 본 연구에서는 2주간 간헐적(주당 3회)인 저압·저산소 트레이닝이 지구성 운동선수의 체성분, 유산소성 운동능력 및 혈중 산소포화도에 미치는 효과가 성별에 따라 다르게 나타나는지 여부를 규명하고자 하였다. 남자축구선수(n=8명)와 여자 필드하키선수(n=9명)를 대상으로 2,000 m 상당의 저압·저산소 환경에서 2주간, 격일로 총 6회의 트레이닝(자전거타기 30분과 트레드밀 달리기 30분, 총 60분)을 실시하였다. 트레이닝 전후에 해수면 수준과 5,000 m 상당고도에서 각각 사전·사후검사를 실시하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 체성분의 변화에는 체중을 제외하고 성차가 나타나지 않았다. 2. 해수면 수준에서의 유산소성 운동능력의 변화에는 유의한 성차가 나타나지 않았다. 5,000 m 상당고도에서는 남자선수의 경우 추정된 VO2max를 제외한 모든 변인에서 트레이닝 후 유의하게 증가된 반면, 여자선수의 경우 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 즉, 5,000 m 상당고도에서의 유산소성 운동능력 변화에는 유의한 성차가 나타났으며, 이는 남녀 간의 근육량의 차이에 일부 기인하는 것으로 확인되었다. 3. 혈중 산소포화도의 변화에는 성차가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 지구성 종목의 남녀 선수를 대상으로 2주간 간헐적인 저압·저산소 트레이닝을 실시한 경우 5,000 m 상당의 높은 고지대 환경에서의 유산소성 운동능력 개선이 여자에 비해 남자에게서 더 크게 나타난 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. This study was designed to investigate the effects of gender on changes of body composition, aerobic exercise capacity, and %SpO2, shown by two weeks of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia training on in endurance athletes. Male soccer players (n=8) and female hockey players (n=9) underwent the exercise training (cycling 30 min & running 30 min, total 60 min) in 2,000 m-simulated hypobaric hypoxia environment every other day (six times) for 2 weeks. Pre-test and post-test were performed in sea level and 5,000 m-simulated hypobaric hypoxia before and after the training, and the data were compared by gender and test. Main results of the study were as follows: 1. No significant gender difference was shown in changes of body composition, except body weight. 2. No significant gender difference was shown in changes of aerobic exercise capacity in sea level. There were significant improvements of aerobic capacity in 5,000 m condition in male athletes, whereas there were no significant changes of the variables in female athletes, indicating that significant gender difference was found in the changes of aerobic capacity in 5,000 m condition. 3. No significant gender difference was shown in changes of %SpO2. It was concluded that the improvement of aerobic exercise capacity in 5,000 m condition shown by short-term intermittent hypobaric hypoxia training was greater in male athletes than in female athletes.
Sun, Z.H.,Tan, Z.L.,Yao, J.H.,Tang, Z.R.,Shan, J.G.,Hu, J.P.,Tang, S.X.,Jiang, Y.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.5
The effects of intra-duodenal infusion of methionine (Met), lysine (Lys) and leucine (Leu) on dry matter intake (DMI), the concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH) and insulin in plasma, and liver IGF-I mRNA level were investigated in two experiments for Liuyang Black growing wether goats. In Experiment 1, three goats ($10.0{\pm}0.1$ kg) were fitted with ruminal, proximal duodenal and terminal ileal fistulaes to determine the infusion amounts of Met, Lys and Leu at the duodenum according to essential amino acid flows into the duodenum and their apparent digestibility. The infusion amounts were 0.77 g/d, 0.91 g/d and 0.58 g/d respectively. In Experiment 2, 4 groups of goats (($10.0{\pm}0.2$ kg) for each group, were cannulated at the duodenum, and were infused with a mixture of Met, Lys and Leu (Control), or mixtures with 21% Met, Lys or Leu replaced with glutamate respectively on a nitrogenous basis. The replacement of 21% Met, Lys or Leu with glutamate did not affect intakes of maize stover, concentrate or both (p>0.05) when compared with the control. The replacement of 21% Met or Lys significantly (p<0.05) reduced plasma GH, insulin and IGF-I concentrations and liver IGF-I mRNA level. The replacement of 21% Leu with glutamate reduced (p<0.05) plasma IGF-I concentration only, but not plasma insulin and GH, as well as liver IGF-I mRNA level (p>0.05). The close relationships between supplying Met and Lys in the lumen of the duodenum and plasma IGF-I, GH and insulin concentrations, as well as liver IGF-I mRNA level in this study indicate that the effects of the limiting amino acids on nutrition of animals are likely intermediated via their effects on these hormones, and these hormone profiles could be used as intermediate markers for the limiting order of amino acids.
Wang, M.Q.,Xu, Z.R.,Sun, J.Y.,Kim, B.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.2
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of exogenous non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) enzymes on performance, intestinal content viscosity and digestive enzyme activities of growing pigs fed a rough rice-based diet. A total of 60 crossbred barrows with an initial body weight of 35.16 kg (SD = 0.82) were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to two treatments with three replications. Each group was fed the diet based on rice with or without exogenous NSP enzymes (2 g/kg of diet). During the 70 days of the feeding trial, all pigs were given free access to feed and water. At the end of the feeding trial, six pigs from each treatment were randomly selected and slaughtered to collect intestinal digesta, intestinal mucosa, and pancreas. The addition of NSP enzymes improved average daily gain (p<0.05) and feed:gain (p<0.05), and decreased viscosity of digesta in the jejunum (p<0.001) and ileum (p<0.01) of pigs. The supplementation of NSP enzymes increased activities of protease (p<0.01), trypsin (p<0.01) and ${\alpha}$-amylase (p<0.05) in duodenal contents. However, digestive enzymes in the pancreas, jejunal and ileal mucosa were unaffected by the supplemental NSP enzymes (p>0.10). The results indicate that the addition of NSP enzymes to rough rice-based diets improved performance of pigs, reduced viscosity and increased digestive activity in the small intestine.
Kim, U.-H.,Jun, D.-W.,Park, K.-J.,Zhang, Q.,Kaghazchi, P.,Aurbach, D.,Major, D. T.,Goobes, G.,Dixit, M.,Leifer, N.,Wang, C. M.,Yan, P.,Ahn, D.,Kim, K.-H.,Yoon, C. S.,Sun, Y.-K. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Energy & environmental science Vol.11 No.5
<P>Development of advanced high energy density lithium ion batteries is important for promoting electromobility. Making electric vehicles attractive and competitive compared to conventional automobiles depends on the availability of reliable, safe, high power, and highly energetic batteries whose components are abundant and cost effective. Nickel rich Li[NixCoyMn1−x−y]O2 layered cathode materials (<I>x</I> > 0.5) are of interest because they can provide very high specific capacity without pushing charging potentials to levels that oxidize the electrolyte solutions. However, these cathode materials suffer from stability problems. We discovered that doping these materials with tungsten (1 mol%) remarkably increases their stability due to a partial layered to cubic (rock salt) phase transition. We demonstrate herein highly stable Li ion battery prototypes consisting of tungsten-stabilized Ni rich cathode materials (<I>x</I> > 0.9) with specific capacities >220 mA h g<SUP>-1</SUP>. This development can increase the energy density of Li ion batteries more than 30% above the state of the art without compromising durability.</P>
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE BEAM CONTROL AND DETECTION OF THE KIRAMS ELECTRON MICROBEAM SYSTEM
SUN G.M.,KIM E.H.,SONG K.B.,JEONG J.W.,CHOI H.D. Korean Nuclear Society 2005 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.37 No.2
The Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS) electron microbeam system has been built with its prototype components. The system is composed of an electron gun, a beam transport chamber, and a cell image acquisition and positioning stage. Each component has been upgraded through repetitive performance tests for various parametric arrangements. This paper presents the preliminary results of the performance test on the beam control and detection parts of the system.
Preliminary Results of the Beam Control and Detection of the KIRAMS Electron Microbeam System
G.M. SUN,,E.H. KIM,K.B. SONG,J.W. JEONG,H.D. CHOI 한국원자력학회 2005 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.37 No.2
The Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS) electron microbeam system has been built with its prototype components. The system is composed of an electron gun, a beam transport chamber, and a cell image acquisition and positioning stage. Each component has been upgraded through repetitive performance tests for various parametric arrangements. This paper presents the preliminary results of the performance test on the beam control and detection parts of the system.