Sigma-Delta A / D converter Using UGB Integrator with Gain Error compensator

Kenichi Sugitani,Fumio Ueno,Takahiro Inoue,Takeru Yamashita 대한전자공학회 1993 JTC-CSCC : Joint Technical Conference on Circuits Vol.- No.-

Black Soybean Seed Coat Extract Improves Endothelial Function and Upregulates Oxidative Stress Marker Expression in Healthy Volunteers by Stimulating Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial Cells

Toshio Suzuki,Ryota Akagi,Fumio Nanba,Shizuka Saito,Toshinari Maruo,Toshiya Toda,Yoko Yamashita,Hitoshi Ashida 한국식품영양과학회 2024 Journal of medicinal food Vol.27 No.2

Black soybean seed coat extract (BE) contains multiple bioactive polyphenols, including flavan-3-ols andanthocyanins. BE improves endothelial function; however, it is unclear whether BE protects endothelial cells from senescence. In this study, we examined the effects of BE on endothelial cell senescence and vascular function in healthy individuals. High concentrations of glucose were used to induce senescence in bovine aortic endothelial cells incubated with BE. Senescence, vascular function, and oxidative stress markers were measured. Incubation with BE remarkably inhibitedsenescence-associated b-galactosidase and lactate dehydrogenase activities and dose dependently reduced intracellular reactiveoxygen species levels in bovine aortic endothelial cells. BE treatment increased the levels of endothelial nitric oxidesynthase (eNOS) mRNA and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and increased the mRNA expression of klotho, a geneassociated with an antiaging phenotype. To examine the effects of BE in humans, we conducted a clinical study using the secondderivative of the fingertip photoplethysmogram to investigate vascular function and aging in 24 healthy volunteers. The participantsconsumed BE supplements (100mg/day) or a placebo for 2 weeks. When compared with the placebo group, the BE groupshowed considerably improved vascular function, NO metabolite levels, and oxidative stress. These results suggest that BEsupplementation improves endothelial function, possibly through antioxidant activity and NO production, and may consequentlyreduce the cardiovascular risk associated with aging. BE supplementation may be an effective and safe approach to reduce the riskof atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease; however, additional studies investigating chronic vascular inflammation are needed.

Vertebral Lateral Notch as Optimal Entry Point for Lateral Mass Screwing Using Modified Roy-Camille Technique

Norio Yamamoto,Hirofumi Kosaka,Kosaku Higashino,Masatoshi Morimoto,Kazuta Yamashita,Fumitake Tezuka,Fumio Hayashi,Yoichiro Takata,Toshinori Sakai,Akihiro Nagamachi,Koichi Sairyo 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.2

Study Design: Retrospective study of 37 consecutive female patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent reconstructed computed tomography (CT) scanning of the cervical spine. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the vertebral lateral notch of the cervical spine is an effective landmark to determine the entry point for lateral mass screwing. A modified Roy-Camille technique was used to determine the entry point associated with the lateral notch of the cervical spine. Overview of Literature: The Roy-Camille technique has been a popular technique for the posterior fixation of the cervical spine. A problem with this technique is determining the entry point on the lateral mass via visual inspection, such as in cases with degenerative or destructive cervical facet joints. Methods: Thirty-three female patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent reconstructed CT scanning of the cervical spine. Overall, 132 vertebrae from C3 to C6 were reviewed using reconstructed CT. The probable trajectory using a modified Roy- Camille technique was determined using reconstructed CT scans, and the optimal entry point was identified. Horizontal and vertical distances from the vertebral lateral notch were measured. Results: The entry point determined using the modified Roy-Camille technique was significantly superior and medial compared with that determined using the conventional Roy-Camille technique. At C3 and C4 levels, the entry point using the modified technique was 1.4 mm below and 4.4 mm medial to the lateral notch, and at C5 and C6 levels, it was 2.3 mm below and 4.9 mm medial to the lateral notch. Conclusions: The vertebral lateral notch of the cervical spine was an effective landmark to determine the entry point for lateral mass screwing. The modified Roy-Camille technique proposed here may prevent surgical complications and poor outcomes.

Influence of Signal Intensity Non-Uniformity on Brain Volumetry Using an Atlas-Based Method

Masami Goto,Osamu Abe,Tosiaki Miyati,Hiroyuki Kabasawa,Hidemasa Takao,Naoto Hayashi,Tomomi Kurosu,Takeshi Iwatsubo,Fumio Yamashita,Hiroshi Matsuda,Harushi Mori,Akira Kunimatsu,Shigeki Aoki,Kenji Ino,K 대한영상의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.13 No.4

Objective: Many studies have reported pre-processing effects for brain volumetry; however, no study has investigated whether non-parametric non-uniform intensity normalization (N3) correction processing results in reduced system dependency when using an atlas-based method. To address this shortcoming, the present study assessed whether N3 correction processing provides reduced system dependency in atlas-based volumetry. Materials and Methods: Contiguous sagittal T1-weighted images of the brain were obtained from 21 healthy participants, by using five magnetic resonance protocols. After image preprocessing using the Statistical Parametric Mapping 5 software, we measured the structural volume of the segmented images with the WFU-PickAtlas software. We applied six different bias-correction levels (Regularization 10, Regularization 0.0001, Regularization 0, Regularization 10 with N3, Regularization 0.0001 with N3, and Regularization 0 with N3) to each set of images. The structural volume change ratio (%) was defined as the change ratio (%) = (100 x [measured volume - mean volume of five magnetic resonance protocols] / mean volume of five magnetic resonance protocols) for each bias-correction level. Results: A low change ratio was synonymous with lower system dependency. The results showed that the images with the N3 correction had a lower change ratio compared with those without the N3 correction. Conclusion: The present study is the first atlas-based volumetry study to show that the precision of atlas-based volumetry improves when using N3-corrected images. Therefore, correction for signal intensity non-uniformity is strongly advised for multi-scanner or multi-site imaging trials. Objective: Many studies have reported pre-processing effects for brain volumetry; however, no study has investigated whether non-parametric non-uniform intensity normalization (N3) correction processing results in reduced system dependency when using an atlas-based method. To address this shortcoming, the present study assessed whether N3 correction processing provides reduced system dependency in atlas-based volumetry. Materials and Methods: Contiguous sagittal T1-weighted images of the brain were obtained from 21 healthy participants, by using five magnetic resonance protocols. After image preprocessing using the Statistical Parametric Mapping 5 software, we measured the structural volume of the segmented images with the WFU-PickAtlas software. We applied six different bias-correction levels (Regularization 10, Regularization 0.0001, Regularization 0, Regularization 10 with N3, Regularization 0.0001 with N3, and Regularization 0 with N3) to each set of images. The structural volume change ratio (%) was defined as the change ratio (%) = (100 x [measured volume - mean volume of five magnetic resonance protocols] / mean volume of five magnetic resonance protocols) for each bias-correction level. Results: A low change ratio was synonymous with lower system dependency. The results showed that the images with the N3 correction had a lower change ratio compared with those without the N3 correction. Conclusion: The present study is the first atlas-based volumetry study to show that the precision of atlas-based volumetry improves when using N3-corrected images. Therefore, correction for signal intensity non-uniformity is strongly advised for multi-scanner or multi-site imaging trials.