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Engrailed protects mouse midbrain dopaminergic neurons against mitochondrial complex I insults
Alvarez-Fischer, Daniel,Fuchs, Julia,Castagner, Fran챌ois,Stettler, Olivier,Massiani-Beaudoin, Olivia,Moya, Kenneth L,Bouillot, Colette,Oertel, Wolfgang H,Lomb챔s, Anne,Faigle, Wolfgang,Joshi, Rajiv L,H Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2011 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.14 No.10
Mice heterozygous for the homeobox gene Engrailed-1 (En1) display progressive loss of mesencephalic dopaminergic (mDA) neurons. We report that exogenous Engrailed-1 and Engrailed-2 (collectively Engrailed) protect mDA neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a mitochondrial complex I toxin used to model Parkinson's disease in animals. Engrailed enhances the translation of nuclearly encoded mRNAs for two key complex I subunits, Ndufs1 and Ndufs3, and increases complex I activity. Accordingly, in vivo protection against MPTP by Engrailed is antagonized by Ndufs1 small interfering RNA. An association between Engrailed and complex I is further confirmed by the reduced expression of Ndufs1 and Ndufs3 in the substantia nigra pars compacta of En1 heterozygous mice. Engrailed also confers in vivo protection against 6-hydroxydopamine and 慣-synuclein-A30P. Finally, the unilateral infusion of Engrailed into the midbrain increases striatal dopamine content, resulting in contralateral amphetamine-induced turning. Therefore, Engrailed is both a survival factor for adult mDA neurons and a regulator of their physiological activity.
Sandrine Heraud,Anne-Marie Freydiere,Anne Doleans-Jordheim,Michèle Bes,Anne Tristan,François Vandenesch,Frederic Laurent,,Olivier Dauwalder 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.4
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is associated with high mortality and morbidity, requiring prompt and appropriate antimicrobial treatment. Therefore, it is important to detect methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) rapidly from blood cultures. Two immunochromatographic tests, BinaxNow S. aureus and BinaxNow PBP2a, were directly applied to 79 Bact/Alert bottles that were positive for Gram positive cocci in cluster aggregations. Sensitivity and specificity for the identification of S. aureus and determination of methicillin resistance were 94% and 87%, and 100% and 100%, respectively, with less than 30 min of performance time. These tests are efficient and rapid; these tests are valuable alternatives to more sophisticated and expensive methods used in the diagnosis of MRSA bacteremia.
The CCAAT box-binding transcription factor NF-YA1 controls rhizobial infection
Laporte, Philippe,Lepage, Agnes,Fournier, Joë,lle,Catrice, Olivier,Moreau, Sandra,Jardinaud, Marie-Franç,oise,Mun, Jeong-Hwan,Larrainzar, Estibaliz,Cook, Douglas R.,Gamas, Pascal,Niebel, And Oxford University Press 2014 Journal of experimental botany Vol.65 No.2
<P>Symbiosis between legume plants and soil rhizobia culminates in the formation of a novel root organ, the ‘nodule’, containing bacteria differentiated as facultative nitrogen-fixing organelles. MtNF-YA1 is a <I>Medicago truncatula</I> CCAAT box-binding transcription factor (TF), formerly called HAP2-1, highly expressed in mature nodules and required for nodule meristem function and persistence. Here a role for MtNF-YA1 during early nodule development is demonstrated. Detailed expression analysis based on RNA sequencing, quantitiative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), as well as promoter–β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusions reveal that <I>MtNF-YA1</I> is first induced at the onset of symbiotic development during preparation for, and initiation and progression of, symbiotic infection. Moreover, using a new knock-out mutant, <I>Mtnf-ya1-1</I>, it is shown that <I>MtNF-YA1</I> controls infection thread (IT) progression from initial root infection through colonization of nodule tissues. Extensive confocal and electronic microscopic observations suggest that the bulbous and erratic IT growth phenotypes observed in <I>Mtnf-ya1-1</I> could be a consequence of the fact that walls of ITs in this mutant are thinner and less coherent than in the wild type. It is proposed that <I>MtNF-YA1</I> controls rhizobial infection progression by regulating the formation and the wall of ITs.</P>