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NIE에서 시넥틱스를 활용한 이야기 만들기 - 초등 프로그램 개발 및 적용 -
김은정 ( Eunjeong¸ Kim ) 한국통합교육과정학회 2020 통합교육과정연구 Vol.14 No.4
본 연구에서는 NIE에 애니메이션 및 동화를 도입하여, 시넥틱스 기법으로 초등학생들이 창의적인 이야기를 만들어가는 프로그램을 개발하여 적용하였다. 2020년 2학기에 온라인으로 23명의 초등학생들에게 프로그램을 실시한 후, 학생들의 작품을 질적으로 분석하여 이야기 만들기의 형태와 특징을 도출하였다. 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들은 애니메이션과 동화의 구성요소와, 신문의 이미지와 글자를 연결하여 새로운 이야기를 창출한다. 둘째, 애니메이션, 신문, 동화의 구성요소들 중에서 학생들은 주로 신문과 애니메이션 혹은 동화의 구성요소들을 연결시키는 형태를 취했다. 셋째, 이야기 만들기에서 애니메이션이나 동화의 이미지를 많이 활용할수록 원작품에 기반하여 이를 수정한 형태가 되고, 신문의 구성요소를 많이 활용할수록 원작품의 형태를 벗어나 새로운 이야기가 된다. In this study, animation and fairy tales were introduced to NIE, and a program for elementary school students to create creative stories using Synectics was developed and applied. After the program was conducted online to 23 elementary school students in the second semester of 2020, the qualitative analysis of the students' work was conducted to derive the form and characteristics of creating story. The conclusions obtained through the study are as follows. First, students create a new story by connecting elements of animation and fairy tales, images and letters in newspapers. Second, among the elements of animation, newspaper, and fairy tales, students mainly took the form of grafting elements of animation and newspaper, or fairy tales and newspaper. Second, students mainly took the form of connecting elements of animation or fairy tale to newspaper. Third, the more the elements of newspapers are used than those of animations and fairy tales in story making, the more completely different stories become.
김은정(Kim Eunjeong) 한국문화융합학회 2021 문화와 융합 Vol.43 No.8
본 연구에서는 김일엽 수필의 담론을 작품을 통해 살펴보았다. 김일엽은 여성 문제에 대해 가족의 변화와 여성개개인의 실천을 강조했다. 그리고 교육의 필요성과 성평등의 정당성을 주장했다. 또 사회구조의 모순을 지적함으로써 여성의 권리증진을 위한 사회제도의 변화를 모색하였다. 가족 회고과 생활 문제에 대한 수필에서는 본인의경험과 생각을 끊임없이 글을 통해 풀어내려 했다. 이처럼 김일엽은 자신의 삶과 수필을 통해 여성 중심의 입장에서 시대를 앞서가는 모습을 보였다. 이때 당시 여성의 문제를 극복하는 과정에서 실용주의적인 태도를 보였다. 특히 그녀는 자신이 삶의 주인이자 주체가 되기 위해 끊임없이 본인의 문제를 들여다보고 관습에 저항했으며, 이를 수필을 통해 해답을 찾고자 했다. In this study, the discourse of Kim Il-yeop’s essay was examined through his work. Kim Ilyeop emphasized changes in the family and the practice of individual women on women’s issues. He also argued for the necessity of education and the legitimacy of gender equality. Also, by pointing out the contradictions in the social structure, changes in the social system were sought to promote women’s rights. In his family reminiscences and essays on life problems, he constantly tried to unravel his experiences and thoughts through writing. In this way, Kim Il-yeop was ahead of the times from a woman-centered standpoint through his life and essays. At this time, she showed a pragmatic attitude in the process of overcoming the problems of women at the time. In particular, in order to become the master and subject of her life, she constantly looked into her problems and resisted customs, and tried to solve them through essays.
Human kidney organoids model the tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and elucidate the role of autophagy
( Jin Won Kim ),( Sun Ah Nam ),( Eunjeong Seo ),( Jong Young Lee ),( Dohui Kim ),( Ji Hyeon Ju ),( Sun Woo Lim ),( Hong Lim Kim ),( Hyung Wook Kim ),( Chul Woo Yang ),( Jin Kim ),( Dong Sung Kim ),( Y 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.6
Background/Aims: Tacrolimus has been used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplantation. Despite the therapeutic benefits, tacrolimus’s use is limited due to its nephrotoxicity. To reduce tacrolimus nephrotoxicity, effective humanized experimental models may be helpful. Here, we modeled tacrolimus nephrotoxicity using kidney organoids derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in vitro. Methods: Kidney organoids were differentiated from the CMC11 iPSC cell line, re-seeded in 96-well plates, and treated with tacrolimus at doses of 0, 30, or 60 μM for 24 hours. This in vitro model was compared to a mouse model of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and the associated mechanisms were investigated. Results: The size of the kidney organoids and cell viability decreased in dose-de-pendent manners after treatment with tacrolimus. The number of tubular cells decreased with a loss of polarity, similar to the effects seen in mouse tacrolimus nephrotoxicity. Ultrastructural analysis showed numerous vacuoles in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney organoids treated with tacrolimus. Tacrolimus treatment induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and autophagic activity was enhanced in the kidney organoids. Rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, accelerated cell death in the kidney organoid model of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity, which was attenuated by treatment with 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor. These findings indicate that the augmentation of autophagy by rapamycin treatment accelerated tacrolimus nephrotoxicity. Conclusions: Our data suggest that human kidney organoids are an effective in vitro model of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and that autophagy plays a critical role in tacrolimus nephrotoxicity.
Hippo-Foxa2 signaling pathway plays a role in peripheral lung maturation and surfactant homeostasis
Chung, Chaeuk,Kim, Tackhoon,Kim, Miju,Kim, Minchul,Song, Hoogeun,Kim, Tae-Shin,Seo, Eunjeong,Lee, Sang-Hee,Kim, Hanbyul,Kim, Sang Kyum,Yoo, Geon,Lee, Da-Hye,Hwang, Deog-Su,Kinashi, Tatsuo,Kim, Jin-Man National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.19
<P>Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which is induced by insufficient production of surfactant, is the leading cause of mortality in preterm babies. Although several transcription factors are known to be involved in surfactant protein expression, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways upstream of these transcription factors have remained elusive. Here, using mammalian Hippo kinases (Mst1/2, mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2) conditional knockout mice, we demonstrate that Mst1/2 kinases are critical for orchestration of transcription factors involved in surfactant protein homeostasis and prevention of RDS. Mice lacking Mst1/2 in the respiratory epithelium exhibited perinatal mortality with respiratory failure and their lungs contained fewer type I pneumocytes and more immature type II pneumocytes lacking microvilli, lamellar bodies, and surfactant protein expression, pointing to peripheral lung immaturity and RDS. In contrast to previous findings of YAP (Yes-associated protein)-mediated canonical Hippo signaling in the liver and intestine, loss of Mst1/2 kinases induced the defects in pneumocyte differentiation independently of YAP hyperactivity. We instead found that Mst1/2 kinases stabilized and phosphorylated the transcription factor Foxa2 (forkhead box A2), which regulates pneumocyte maturation and surfactant protein expression. Taken together, our results suggest that the mammalian Hippo kinases play crucial roles in surfactant homeostasis and coordination of peripheral lung differentiation through regulation of Foxa2 rather than of YAP.</P>
김은정(Eunjeong Kim),이재우(Jae-woo Lee),조은혜(Eunhye Jo),성화경(Hwa Kyung Sung),유선경(Sun Kyoung Yoo),김경태(Kyung-tae Kim),신유진(Yu-jin Shin),김지은(Ji-eun Kim),박선영(Sun-Young Park),엄익춘(Ig-chun Eom),김필제(Pilje Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3
Objectives: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used in various commercial products, but they are exposed to the environment and can induce toxicity. In this study, we investigated the environmental fate and bioaccumulation of ZnO NPs in a microcosm. Methods: The microcosm was composed of water, soil (Lufa Soil 2.2) and organisms (Oryzias latipes, Neocaridina denticulata, Semisulcospira libertina). Point five and 5 mg/L of ZnO NPs were exposed in the microcosm for 14 days. Total Zn concentrations were measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) and intracellular NPs were observed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results: In the initial stages of exposure, the Zn concentrations in water increased in all exposure groups and then decreased, while the Zn concentration in soil increased after three hours for the 5 mg/L solution. Zn concentrations also showed increasing trends in N. denticulata and S. libertina at 0.5 and 5 mg/L, and in O. latipes at 5 mg/L. Accumulation of NPs was found in the livers of O. latipes and hepatopancreas of N. denticulata and S. libertina. Conclusions: In the early stages of exposure, ZnO NPs remained in the water, and then were transported to the soil and test species. Unlike other species, total Zn concentrations in N. denticulata and S. libertina increased for both 0.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L. Therefore, ZnO NPs were more easily accumulated in zoobenthos than in fish.
Origin of unusual spinel-to-layered phase transformation by crystal water
Yang, Eunjeong,Kim, Heejin,Kim, Sangryun,Kim, In,Kim, Jaehoon,Ji, Hyunjun,Choi, Jang Wook,Jung, Yousung Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Chemical science Vol.9 No.2
<▼1><P>Crystal water mediated phase transition: the underlying thermodynamic and kinetic role of crystal water is investigated using <I>ab initio</I> calculations.</P></▼1><▼2><P>It is well known that many layered transition metal oxides can transform into a spinel structure upon repeated battery cycling, but a phase transition in the opposite direction is rare. Recently, the transformation from spinel Mn<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> to layered MnO<SUB>2</SUB> was observed during the operation of a Mg battery in aqueous conditions, resulting in high performance Mg batteries. We hereby use <I>ab initio</I> calculations to unveil the mechanism by which crystal water plays a critical role in this unique transformation. Once inserted into the spinel form, a water molecule donates an electron, offering a key structural and thermodynamic driving force to initiate the transformation process. These crystal water molecules then get favorably clustered into a planar form in the layered structure and act as a stabilizing agent for birnessite. Kinetically, the inserted crystal water dramatically promotes the necessary rearrangement of Mn during the transition by lowering the activation barrier by >2 eV. The present structural, thermodynamic and kinetic understanding of the crystal water-driven phase transition provides novel insights to further the design of related low dimensional hydrated materials for multi-valent cathodes.</P></▼2>