Palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck coupling reactions using sterically bulky phosphite ligand

Jung, Eunhye,Park, Kyungho,Kim, Jaewook,Jung, Hee-Tae,Oh, Il-Kwon,Lee, Sunwoo Elsevier 2010 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS Vol.13 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A new catalytic system based on palladium-phosphite for Mizoroki–Heck coupling reactions of aryl iodide and bromide is described. An air-stable phosphite ligand afforded the desired products with high yields in the palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck reactions. The coupling of aryl iodides was optimized with 0.5mol% Pd(OAc)<SUB>2</SUB>, 1mol% phosphite <B>2</B>, and K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> in DMF solvent. For the coupling of aryl bromides, 1mol% Pd(OAc)<SUB>2</SUB> and 5mol% phosphite <B>2</B> were required with Na<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> as base. As a coupling partner alkene, <I>n</I>-butyl acrylate, <I>t</I>-butyl acrylate, styrene and <I>N</I>-<I>t</I>-butyl acrylamide all showed good yields.</P> <P><B>Graphic abstract</B></P><P>Phosphite <B>2</B> was employed as the ligand in the Mizoroki–Heck reaction, it showed good reactivities in the coupling of aryl iodide and bromides with alkene derivatives</P><P><ce:figure id='f0010'></ce:figure></P>

A case of splenic extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in a Yorkshire Terrier dog

( Eunhye Jung ),( Hyoung-seok Yang ),( Ji-youl Jung ),( Jae-hoon Kim ) 한국동물위생학회 2023 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.46 No.4

A 7-year-old male Yorkshire Terrier dog was present to an animal clinic and a large soft mass was found in the spleen by radiological examination, and total splenorectomy was performed. Grossly, a large protruded splenic mass was soft to moderately firm and multilobulated. On the cut surface, the mass was off-white to tan, dark red, and rust colored with many cavitation and had gelatinous areas. Histologically, the tumor cells were characterized by coexistence of the primitive mesenchymal tissues and mature or immature cartilage tissues. Primitive mesenchymal areas were composed of round/oval or spindle shaped immature cells with high mitosis. The tumor cells of the cartilage areas were located in basophilic cartilaginous matrix. Intercellular matrix in the cartilaginous areas was stained blue with Masson’s trichrome and deep blue with alcian blue, respectively. Immunohisto-chemically, the cartilaginous tumor cells demonstrated positive reactions for vimentin and S-100, and surrounding mesenchymal tumor cells are immunopositive for vimentin. This case was diagnosed as splenic extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of a Yorkshire Terrier dog, a toy breed.

Impaired autophagy in DDC diet fed ob/ob mice

Eunhye Jung,Eun bok Baek,Eun-Ju Hong,Ji-Hyeon Kang,Suyoung Park,Young-suk Won,Hyo-Jung Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Ob/ob mouse is a mutant obese mouse that lacks the production of leptin and intake food excessively, and develops hepatic steatosis. Previous studies have showed that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD) patients showed decreased autophagy and defect of autophagy in hepatocytes is related with steatosis. In this study, we investigated whether impaired autophagy is involved in the development of fatty liver in ob/ob mouse. 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) diet was fed to wild type (WT) mice and ob/ob mice for 2 weeks. H&E and Oil Red O staining and the level of triglyceride and cholesterol were evaluated. The genes related with autophagy was examined by Western blot and real-time RT-PCR. H&E and Oil Red O staining exhibited more lipid accumulation in hepatocytes of DDC diet fed ob/ob mice compared with DDC diet fed WT mice. The hepatic level of triglyceride and cholesterol were also elevated in DDC fed ob/ob mice. The expression of p62 was higher in DDC diet fed ob/ob mice than in DCC diet fed WT mice, whereas LC3bⅡ conversion was decreased in DDC diet fed ob/ob mice. The levels of Atg2a, Atg3, Atg7, Atg12, Atg13, ulk1, and TFEB target genes, including ctsd, lipa/lal, Acp2, and Uvrag, were also down-regulated in DCC diet fed ob/ob mice than in DCC diet WT mice. In conclusion, this results suggest that autophagy is impaired in DDC diet fed ob/ob mice, which may be associated with more lipid accumulation in liver.

Identification of quinone analogues as potential inhibitors of picornavirus 3C protease <i>in vitro</i>

Jung, Eunhye,Lee, Joo-Youn,Kim, Ho Jeong,Ryu, Chung-Kyu,Lee, Kee-In,Kim, Meehyein,Lee, Chong-Kyo,Go, Yun Young Elsevier 2018 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.28 No.14

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Picornaviruses are non-enveloped viruses that represent a large family of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses including a number of causative agents of many human and animal diseases such as coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and rhinoviruses (HRV). In this study, we performed a high-throughput screening of a compound library composed of ∼6000 small molecules in search of potential picornavirus 3C protease (3C<SUP>pro</SUP>) inhibitors. As results, we identified quinone analogues that effectively inhibited both CVB3 3C<SUP>pro</SUP> and HRV 3C<SUP>pro</SUP> with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values in low micromolar range. Together with predicted binding modes of these compounds to the active site of the viral protease, it is implied that structural features of these non-peptidic inhibitors may act as useful scaffold for further anti-picornavirus drug design and development.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> High-throughput screening assay of CVB3 3C<SUP>pro</SUP> inhibitors using FRET assay. </LI> <LI> Quinone analogues inhibited picornavirus 3C<SUP>pro</SUP> activity with nanomolar IC<SUB>50</SUB> values. </LI> <LI> Molecular docking predicted that 77035 and 169999 covalently bound in the active site of picornavirus 3C<SUP>pro</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Penetrating Orbitocranial Injuries in the Republic of Korea

Jung Woo Hyung,Jung Jae Lee,Eunhye Lee,Min Ho Lee 대한신경손상학회 2023 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.19 No.3

Penetrating brain injury occurs when an object enters the skull and pierces the brain. These injuries can damage small or large parts of the brain, are life-threatening, and require emergency care. This study is a summary of penetrating head injuries at our hospital and an analysis of their treatments and prognoses.

A Colorimetric High‐Throughput Screening Method for Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides Using a Gold Nanoparticle‐Based Iodide‐Selective Probe

Jung, Eunhye,Kim, Sudeok,Kim, Yong,Seo, Seong Hyeok,Lee, Soo Suk,Han, Min Su,Lee, Sunwoo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Angewandte Chemie Vol.123 No.19

<P><B>Auf Goldnanopartikeln</B> beruht ein einfaches und allgemeines Screeningverfahren für palladiumkatalysierte Kupplungen von Aryliodiden. Die Methode wurde erfolgreich auf einige Aminierungen, α‐Arylierungen von Ketonen und decarboxylierende Kupplungen angewendet. Binnen weniger Minuten wurden Informationen über 96 Proben erhalten.</P>

Characterization of thermally aged AlPO ₄ -coated LiCoO ₂ thin films

Jung, Eunhye,Park, Yong Joon Springer 2012 Nanoscale research letters Vol.7 No.1

<P>The electrochemical properties and stability during storage of pristine and AlPO<SUB>4</SUB>-coated LiCoO<SUB>2 </SUB>thin films were characterized. The wide and smooth surface of the thin film electrode might provide an opportunity for one to observe surface reactions with an electrolyte. The rate capability and cyclic performance of the LiCoO<SUB>2 </SUB>thin film were enhanced by AlPO<SUB>4 </SUB>surface coating. Based on secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis and scanning electron microscopy images of the surface, it was confirmed that the coating layer was successfully protected from the reactive electrolyte during storage at 90°C. In contrast, the surface of the pristine sample was severely damaged after storage.</P>

The Relationship Between Pedestrian Environments and Sense of Community in Apartment Complexes in Seoul, Korea

Jung, Eunhye,Lee, Jeasun,Kim, Kyungbae Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2015 JOURNAL OF ASIAN ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENGINEE Vol.14 No.2

Genetic Diversity of Echovirus 6 Strains Circulating in Korea

EunHye Jung,KwiSung Park,KyoungAh Baek,DongUk Kim,Shien-Young Kang,ByungHak Kang,Doo-Sung Cheon 대한미생물학회 2010 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.40 No.4

제임스 맥닐 휘슬러의 『적을 만드는 고상한 방법』에 나타난 북디자인 특징

정은혜(Jung Eunhye) 한국디자인사학회 2022 Extra Archive: 디자인사연구 Vol.3 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 1890년 화가 휘슬러(James Abbott McNeill Whistler)가 ‘휘슬러 대 러스킨 명예훼손 소송 사건’을 계기로 펴낸 『적을 만드는 고상한 방법』의 북디자인 특징을 밝히는 데 있다. 휘슬러가 활동하던 19세기 말 영국 빅토리아 시대는 인쇄기와 인쇄술의 발달로 책의 대량 생산이 활발해지면서 보다 저렴하고 가벼운 책들이 출판계의 주류를 이루었다. 그러나 대부분의 출판사는 양적 성장에만 치중하여 책의 완성도나 창의성은 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 반면 이러한 기술적 대량 생산 방식에 반대하는 모리스(William Morris)를 중심으로 심미적이고 예술적인 책을 소규모로 제작하는 움직임도 생겨났다. 모리스의 노력은 책의 예술적 가치를 높이는 데 크게 기여했다. 그러나 한편으로 그의 책은 대중에게 읽히는 책이라기보다 상류층의 서재를 채우는 장식품으로 변질되었다는 비판도 나왔다. 이러한 영국의 시대적인 상황 속에서 휘슬러의 『적을 만드는 고상한 방법』은 당시 북디자인과는 다른 특징을 갖고 있었다. 휘슬러는 당대 출판 산업의 흐름에 맞게 실용적이면서도 매력적인 북디자인 방식을 고민했지만, 모리스가 추구하는 고급스럽고 장식적인 표현에는 관심을 두지 않았다. 휘슬러는 지면에 모든 요소를 제대로 배치한다면 값비싼 종이나 새로운 서체, 특수하게 만들어진 잉크는 필요하지 않다고 생각했다. 오히려 쉼표의 위치나 텍스트의 배열, 여백의 대비 등 기본적인 타이포그래피 요소를 중시했다. 이 연구를 통해 밝힌 휘슬러의 『적을 만드는 고상한 방법』에 나타난 북디자인 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 미적 가치와 실용성을 위해 천이나 가죽이 아닌 평범한 갈색종이를 이용한 장정을 시도했다. 둘째, 딱딱하고 경직된 대칭적 조판 구조를 탈피하여 비대칭 배열의 레이아웃을 사용했다. 셋째, 여백을 적극적으로 활용하여 입체적 공간성을 부여하고, 책의 내용을 효과적으로 독자에게 전달하고자 했다. 넷째, 의도적인 텍스트의 배치로 대비를 주어 저자의 메시지를 보다 극대화했다. 다섯째, 저자의 글을 그림으로 설명하거나 해석하지 않았으며, 최소한의 나비 일러스트레이션을 의미 있게 적용했다. 독자에게 메시지를 전하는 저자로서 휘슬러는 자기주장과 사실들을 보다 효과적으로 전달하기 위해 고심했다. 이를 위해 오늘날 북디자인에서 통용되는 타이포그래피의 기본 원리들을 독자적인 표현 방식으로 활용했다. 휘슬러의 북디자인 표현 방식은 저자의 메시지를 효과적으로 지면에 반영하기 위해 북디자인의 역할에 집중한 결과였다. 이 연구에서는 그가 작업한 『적을 만드는 고상한 방법』에 어떤 디자인적 의의가 숨어 있는지 고찰하고 그를 북디자이너로 재조명함으로써, 19세기 말 영국 북디자인의 흐름을 좀 더 세밀하게 이해하고 입체적으로 통찰하는 데 이바지하고자 한다. The purpose of this study is to reveal the book design characteristics of The Gentle Art of Making Enemies, which was published in 1890 by the painter James McNeill Whistler over the libel suit of Whistler v. Ruskin. In the late Victorian era at the end of the 19th century, when Whistler was quite active, a new printing press appeared and papermaking technology was further developed. Mass production of books became possible, while cheaper and lighter books were now the mainstream of the publishing industry. However, against this trend of mechanization, there was a movement to produce aesthetic and artistic books on a small scale. Although Whistler considered a practical and attractive publishing method suitable for the industrialization era, he was not interested in the luxurious and decorative expressions pursued by William Morris. He believed that if all elements were properly placed on a book’s pages, there would be no need for expensive paper, new typefaces, or specially tailored inks. Rather, he focused on the most basic typographic elements, such as the location of commas, the arrangement of text, and the contrast of blanks. The main characteristics of The Gentle Art of Making Enemies discovered through this study are as follows: First, for aesthetic value and practicality, he tried binding his work using plain brown paper rather than cloth or leather. Second, an asymmetric layout was used by breaking away from the stiff and rigid symmetrical typesetting structure. Third, he intended to give three-dimensional spatiality and effectively convey the contents of the book to the reader by actively utilizing blank spaces. Fourth, the author"s message was maximized by providing contrasts with intentional text arrangements. Fifth, the author"s writing was not explained or interpreted with pictures, and a minimal number of butterfly illustrations was applied meaningfully. Whistler"s book design method was the result of concentrating on the role of book design in relation to expressing the author"s text in an effective way. By exploring what kind of meaningful design is hidden in his book The Gentle Art of Making Enemies and reilluminating him as a book designer, this study will contribute to better understanding the flow of British book design in the late 19th century in a more detailed and insightful way.