Effect of Isothermal Reheating at Different Holding Times on The Microstructure of Al-Mg₂Si In-situ Cast Composite

A. Malekana, M. Emamy,M. Emamy,J. Ghiasinejad,M.R.Ghorbani 한국소성가공학회 2010 기타자료 Vol.2010 No.6

An isothermal reheating approach was used to study the effect of isothermal holding time on the microstructure of Al-Mg₂Si in-situ cast composite. Process temperature was selected at 590℃ which is in the semi solid state with respect to the phase diagram of Al-Mg₂Si system. The morphology of primary Mg₂Si particles was identified as irregular shape. The microstructures of the composite at two different states of reheated and as-cast, were compared to reveal the degree of particle modification. The results showed that higher holding time have more significance influence on the nodularity and also decreasing the size of primary Mg₂Si particles. An optimum time was also obtained for isothermal reheating processwhich can be affected by different parameters discussed in this work.

A Priori Estimation of Organic Reaction Yields

Emami, Fateme S.,Vahid, Amir,Wylie, Elizabeth K.,Szymkuć,, Sara,Dittwald, Piotr,Molga, Karol,Grzybowski, Bartosz A. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2015 Angewandte Chemie Vol.127 No.37

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A thermodynamically guided calculation of free energies of substrate and product molecules allows for the estimation of the yields of organic reactions. The non‐ideality of the system and the solvent effects are taken into account through the activity coefficients calculated at the molecular level by perturbed‐chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC‐SAFT). The model is iteratively trained using a diverse set of reactions with yields that have been reported previously. This trained model can then estimate a priori the yields of reactions not included in the training set with an accuracy of ca. ±15 %. This ability has the potential to translate into significant economic savings through the selection and then execution of only those reactions that can proceed in good yields.</P>

Recent progress in drying technologies for improving the stability and delivery efficiency of biopharmaceuticals

Emami Fakhrossadat,Keihan Shokooh Mahsa,Mostafavi Yazdi Seyed Jamaleddin 한국약제학회 2023 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.53 No.1

Background Most biopharmaceuticals are developed in liquid dosage forms that are less stable than solid forms. To ensure the stability of biopharmaceuticals, it is critical to use an effective drying technique in the presence of an appropriate stabilizing excipient. Various drying techniques are available for this purpose, such as freeze drying or lyophilization, spray drying, spray freeze-drying, supercritical fluid drying, particle replication in nonwetting templates, and fluidized bed drying. Area covered In this review, we discuss drying technologies and their applications in the production of stable solid-state biopharmaceuticals, providing examples of commercially available products or clinical trial formulations. Alongside this, we also review how different analytical methods may be utilized in the evaluation of aerosol performance and powder characteristics of dried protein powders. Finally, we assess the protein integrity in terms of conformational and physicochemical stability and biological activity. Expert opinion With the aim of treating either infectious respiratory diseases or systemic disorders, inhaled biopharmaceuticals reduce both therapeutic dose and cost of therapy. Drying methods in the presence of optimized protein/stabilizer combinations, produce solid dosage forms of proteins with greater stability. A suitable drying method was chosen, and the process parameters were optimized based on the route of protein administration. With the ongoing trend of addressing deficiencies in biopharmaceutical production, developing new methods to replace conventional drying methods, and investigating novel excipients for more efficient stabilizing effects, these products have the potential to dominate the pharmaceutical industry in the future.

Diversity in the Formulation of Fair and Equitable Treatment in International Investment Agreements

Emami Mujeeb,Gul Rehna 이준국제법연구원 2021 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.14 No.1

The primary purpose of this paper is to know which formulation of FET standard among the diverse drafting approaches best serves the interests of both States and investors. In this respect, the paper first will have a review of general categorization of FET in a number of IIAs. Subsequently, it will focus on the two most controversial formulations of FET: (1) as a standalone clause and (2) with reference to the minimum standard of treatment under customary international law. In light of this, it will discuss the impact of the various FET drafts on the decisions of arbitral tribunals dealing with this standard. Lastly, the paper will also explore the most recent approaches to the formulation of FET to see if they are capable of brining clarity in the overall discussion of FET’s formulation as well as interpretation. In short, these recent constructions of FET clauses may best serve these interests as they bring clarity.

Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction of Essential Oils and Extracts of Nepeta cataria L. on Human Prostatic and Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Emami, Seyed Ahmad,Asili, Javad,HosseinNia, Shima,Yazdian-Robati, Rezvan,Sahranavard, Mehrdad,Tayarani-Najaran, Zahra Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Nepeta cataria L. has been used in traditional medicine of some countries. Here the cytotoxic and apoptogenic activity of methanol extracts, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and acqueous extracts and the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of the plant were evaluated with PC3, DU-145 and MCF-7 cell lines. Cell viability, histograms of PI stained fragmented DNA in apoptotic cells and Western blot analysis of proteins involved in the cascade of apoptosis were compared in all samples. Thirty components were identified as volatile, representing 99.7% of essential oil composition after GC-MS analysis of the oil obtained from aerial parts of the N. cataria by hydro-distillation. The major oil components of the essential oil were nepetalactone stereoisomers. Comparing IC50 values showed estrogen receptor positive PC3 cells were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of N. cataria in comparison with low hormone-receptor presenting DU-145 cells. Among multiple extracts and essential oils of the plant, only the ethyl acetate extract could significantly decrease cell viability in PC3 cells, in a concentration dependent manner. Ethyl acetate extract of N. cataria treated cells showed a sub-G1 peak in PC3 cells in a concentration dependent manner that indicates the involvement of an apoptotic process in ethyl acetate extract-induced cell death. Western blotting analysis showed that in PC3 cells treated with ethyl acetate (48 h) caspase 3 and PARP were cleaved to active forms. Overall, the results suggest that further analytical elucidation of N. cataria in respect to finding new cytotoxic chemicals with anti-tumor activity is warranted.

Pain in β-thalassemia major patients: an important yet neglected issue

Amir Emami Zeydi,Abbas Heydari,Hossein Karimi Moonaghi 대한통증학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.31 No.1

An improved backtracking search optimization algorithm for cubic metric reduction of OFDM signals

Hojjat Emami,Abbas Ali Sharifi 한국통신학회 2020 ICT Express Vol.6 No.3

The large amplitude variations of OFDM signals generate in-band distortion and out-of-band radiation. In recent years, cubic metric (CM) has been verified as a more accurate metric to measure the amplitude variations. In this paper, the PTS technique is used to decrease the CM of OFDM signals. To overcome the search complexity of an exhaustive search based PTS technique, we introduce an improved backtracking search (IBS) optimization algorithm. Simulations are conducted to show the advantages of the proposed IBS based PTS approach compared with the conventional OFDM, and several state-of-the-art methods in terms of search complexity and CM reduction performance.

Occipital Steal Syndrome with Carotid Artery Occlusion–A Physiologic Study with Transcranial Doppler

Mehrdad Emami,Claudia Zbrzeski,Jesse Weinberger 대한신경초음파학회 2023 대한신경초음파학회지 (JNN) Vol.15 No.2

Occipital or posterior steal syndrome is a constellation of signs and symptoms that arise from abnormal shunting of blood flow from the posterior cerebral circulation into its anterior counterpart leading to transient episodes of neurological deficits due to posterior circulation ischemia. A 45-year-old woman who experienced transient visual phenomena during breath holding was evaluated by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) for changes in cerebral blood flow. TCD revealed that the anterior cerebral vascular system was shunting blood away from its posterior counterpart in the setting of hypercapnia, resulting in visual symptoms. Using permissive blood pressure control, the steal phenomenon was resolved.

Cloud task scheduling using enhanced sunflower optimization algorithm

Hojjat Emami 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.1

The objective of cloud task scheduling is to partition tasks on shared resources to minimize energy consumption and makespan. Recently, several meta-heuristics for task scheduling were proposed and achieved encouraging results. However, their performance is far from the ideal state and needs more improvement. This paper introduces an enhanced sunflower optimization (ESFO) algorithm for improving the performance of existing task scheduling. It finds optimal scheduling in a polynomial time. The experiments show that ESFO outperformed its counterparts. The amount of improvement in comparison with the best counterpart is 0.73% and 2.24% respectively in terms of makespan and energy consumption.

Self-cleaning Properties of Nylon 6 Fabrics Treated with Corona and TiO2 Nanoparticles under Both Ultraviolet and Daylight Irradiations

Fatemeh Emami,Shahla Shekarriz,Zahra Shariatinia,Zahra Moridi Mahdieh 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.5

Nylon 6 fabric with self-cleaning properties was prepared by corona discharge pre-treatment and coating with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) using pad-dry-cure technique. The self-cleaning property was studied by discoloration of methylene blue (MB), ketchup, tea and coffee stains from the corona+TiO2 treated nylon-6 fabric. Color difference (ΔΕ*), reflectance (R) and K/S of MB stain were investigated by diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry. The MB stain was almost completely removed from the corona+TiO2 treated nylon surface after 24 h under UV light/daylight irradiation. Both of these phenomena (corona and TiO2) led to an increase in the discoloration of stains under UV and daylight irradiations. The EDS analysis showed an increase in the concentration of deposited TiO2 NPs coating after corona treatment. The FE-SEM images revealed that the surface of nylon 6 was coarser after the corona treatment. Also, the FE-SEM micrographs exhibited that a uniform layer of TiO2 NPs was formed on the corona treated nylon fabric. The corona+TiO2 treated nylon illustrated antibacterial activity against E. coli and B. subtillis microorganisms. The EDS and FE-SEM analysis confirmed that after 5 washing cycles, the amount of TiO2 NPs was higher on the surface of corona+TiO2 treated nylon than that of the fabric only treated with TiO2 without corona pretreatment. This result justifies that the corona+TiO2 treated nylon fabric with appropriate self-cleaning property can be applied cost-effectively in the textile industry.